Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of MRI in the diagnosis ofbone Eosinophilic GranulomaI. Methods:The clinical and imaging materials of 13 patients with eosinophilic granuloma of bone proved by histopathology were analyzed retrospectively.The imaging examination included plain films(n=13),CT(n=12),and MRI(n=13).Results:MR identified all lesions;With one exception,all lesions were hypointense on T1-Weighted images and hyperintense on T2-Weighted images;The lesions and associated soft tissue abnormalities were very conspicuous on short T1 inversion sequences and T1-Weighed post-contrast images;Follow-up MRI studies in two patients after chemotherapy showed decreased size and enhancement of lesions compared with the baseline studies.Three lesions were not identified on plain films.MRI showed greater abnormality than plain radiographs did.CT could identify all lesions also,and the main imaging findings included bone destruction,adjacent bone cortex involvement,periosteal reaction and sof t tissue mass or swelling. Conclusion:MRI can clearly demonstrate the extent of bone involved, the change of soft tissue and sequestrum.It can also acquire the anatomic and pathologicd details of bone and and soft tissue.But X-ray film and CT may improve the diagnostic and differential diagnostic accuracy.

Background p21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor,and it can prevent cells from going through the G1/S phase checkpoint and inhibit cell proliferation.Stuies determined that the expression level of p21 WAF1/CIP1 is associated with proliferative diseases.Traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a proliferative response of eye.Understaining the relationship of dynamic expression levels of p21 WAF1/CIP1 in PVR is of significance for the prevention and management of PVR.Objective This study was to investigate the expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 during the course of experimental traumatic PVR in rabbits.Methods Fifty-four pigmented rabbits were randomized into the normal control group and different experimerital groups,and one lateral eye of each rabbit served as experimental eye.PVR models were established by intravitreal injection of human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (0.4 ml)combined with cryotherapy for 5 seconds,and vitreous and retinas were examined with B type sonography.The rabbits were sacrificed in 7,14,21 and 28 days after operation,and histopathological examination of the retinas was performed by haematoxylin and eosin stain.The expression levels of p21WAF1/CIP1 protein and gene were detected by immunohistochemistry,Western blot and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR).The use and care of the rabbits complied with Statement of ARVO.Results B type sonography showed that the retinal morphology was normal in the normal control group.However,the proliferative membrane was gradually thickened 1 to 7 days after operation.Retinal folds of rabbits were seen in 7 days,and tractional retinal detachment was found in 14 days and 28 days after operation.The histopathological examination of the retinas showed epiretinal membrane and infiltration of inflammatory cells 7 days and fixed ruffle 28 days after operation.The p21WAF1/CIP1 was strongly expressed in the cell nucleus of retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner nuclear layer (INL) in the normal control group,and the expression was gradually weakened after modeling,with the weakest expression in the retinas in 14 days after modeling.The relative expression levels of p21 WAF1/CIP1 protein was 0.74±0.08,0.60±0.05,0.56±0.03,0.74±0.02 and 0.65 ±0.04 in the normal control group,postoperative 7-day group,postoperative 14-day group,postoperative 21-day group and postoperative 28-day group,respectively,showing a significant difference among the groups (F =20.55,P =0.00),and the expression levels of p21WAF1/CIP1 protein were significantly lower in the postoperative 7-day group and postoperative 14-day group than those of the normal control group,postoperative 21-day group and postoperative 28-day group (all at P＜0.05).The relative expression levels of p21 WAF1/CIP1 mRNA was 0.65 ± 0.09,0.57 ± 0.05,0.45 ±0.04,0.46±0.02 and 0.47±0.04 in the normal control group,postoperative 7-day group,postoperative 14-day group,postoperative 21-day group and postoperative 28-day group,respectively,with a significant difference among the groups (F =18.06,P =0.00),and the expression levels were significantly lower in the postoperative 14-day group,postoperative 21-day group and postoperative 28-day group than those of the normal control group and postoperative 7-day group (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions The dynamic expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 in the retinas is consistant with the prograssion of traumatic PVR,and the reduce tendency of p21 WAF1/CIP1expression is similar to cell prolieration change,indicating that reduce of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression in the retinas may promote the development of traumatic PVR.

Objective To analyze the radiolngical findings of mediastinal ganglioneuroma and to improve its diagnostic accuracy. Methods Imaging data of 8 cases of pathologically proven mediastinal ganglioueuroma were restrospectively analyzed. Results These tumors could occur in the anterior mediastinum, middle mediastinum or posterior mediastinum, with a preference for the posterior mediastinum (6/8). No specific clinical symptoms and signs were observed. Well-defined enlargrment of mediastinum with homogeneous density was shown on plain X-Ray. CT scanning was performed in 7 cases, including non-contrast scan alone (n = 3 ), both non-coutrast and contrast-enhanced scans ( n = 4). Round or oval shaped, well circumscribed, homogeneous or slightly heterogeneous, hypadense masses were demonstrated on non-contrast scan. Spotty calification could be found in a few cases. Homogeneous or slightly heterogeneous enhancement was seen following the intravenous injection of contrast material. Large tumors showed a tendency of wedging into the space between adjacent organs and structures, and encasing the nearby large vessels. MR without contrast was performed in 1 case. T1 WI showed isointensity to adjacent muscle, T2WI showed homogeneous hyperintensity. Multi-planar reconstruction provided more information concerning the relationship of the mass lesions with neighboring structures. Conclusion Mediastinal ganglioneuromas have some specific characterstics on imaging studies, which could assist in pre-operative diagnosis and surgical planning.

Human carboxylesterase 1 (HCE1), belonging to a multigene serine hydrolase family, is a major liver carboxylesterase responsible for the hydrolysis and metabolism of various xenobiotics. It also plays an important role in the transportation and metabolism of endogenous cholesterol ester and free fatty acid, and is closely associated with the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. This review describes current developments in the molecular structure, the roles in drug, toxins and lipid metabolism, and the early diagnosis for hepatocellular carcinoma of human carboxylesterase 1.
Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ; genetics ; physiology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnosis ; Cholesterol Esters ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Xenobiotics ; metabolism

Aim To investigate the potential suppressing effect of calmodulin antagonist EBB on metastasis-associated properties of human metastatic ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma cell ES-2.Methods MTT assay was used to assess the growth inhibition of EBB on ES-2 cells.The invasive capacity and motility potential were determined by Transwell chamber assay and Wound assay.[Ca2+]i was observed under the laser scanning confocal microscopy.Results EBB inhibited the proliferation of ES-2 cells in vitro.The IC50 on ES-2 cells was(13.67?1.56)?mol?L-1.The invasive ability and motility potential of ES-2 cells were decreased after exposure to 3,7 and 14 ?mol?L-1 EBB respectively(P

Circular RNA(circRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules,which is ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells.They have a closed ring structure,and are mainly composed of exons and / or introns.Circular RNAs have been widely studied in recent years,and studies show that they are remarkably stable,highly conserved and cell-or tissue-specifically expressed.Recently,it has been found that circRNAs can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level by interacting with microRNAs and other molecules.Recent studies have shown that circular RNA may be associated with various diseases,including atherosclerotic vascular disease,prion diseases,neurological disorders,osteoarthritis and diabetes mellitus.In addition,circular RNAs exhibit abnormal expression in a variety of types of cancers,including colorectal cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma,and gastric cancer.Therefore,we believe that circular RNA can be used as a diagnostic marker or therapeutic target of clinical diseases.This article reviews the potential of circular RNA as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can cause pulmonary vascular dysfunction, increase right ventricular afterload and lead to right ventricular failure,also known as acute cor pulmonale. Mechanical ventilation to maintain oxygenation and ventilation has a negative impact on right ventricular function,which may lead to lung-right ventricular interaction and aggravate the deterioration of right ventricu-lar failure,which may be one of the causes of right ventricular failure. Therefore,in the treatment of mechani-cal ventilation for ARDS,attention must be paid to the right ventricular function of patients.

Objective:To evaluate the gastric emptying of orally administered enzyme-hydrolyzed rice flour solution before surgery in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy and effect on insulin resistance.Methods:One hundred patients, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index of 19-30 kg/m 2, scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups ( n=50 each) using a random number table method: water group (group C) and enzyme-hydrolyzed rice flour group (group M). Routine fasting and water deprivation were executed at 1 day before operation in two groups, and 300 ml water in group C or 300 ml enzyme-hydrolyzed rice flour solution in group M were taken orally at 2-3 h before induction on the day of surgery.Bedside antrum ultrasonography was used to calculate the gastric volume (GV) before oral administration (V 0), immediately after oral administration (V 1), and before induction (V 2), and then the ΔGV (GV 1-GV 0) was calculated.Fasting plasma glucose and insulin CONCENTRATIONS were measured on admission to hospital (T 1) and on an empty stomach on 1st morning after surgery (T 2), and then the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated according to HOMA steady-state model formula.Visual analog scale (VAS) scores for subjective comfort (thirst, hunger, fatigue and anxiety) and grip strength were assessed before anesthesia (T 3) and before leaving PACU (T 4). Reflux and aspiration during induction, nausea and vomiting within 24 h after surgery, and anal exhaust time after surgery were recorded. Results:There was no significant difference in GV at V 0, V 1 and V 2 between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with the baseline at V 0, no significant was found in the GV at V 2 in both groups ( P>0.05). The fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR were significantly increased at T 2 than at T 1 in both groups ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Compared with group C, the fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased at T 2, VAS scores for hunger, fatigue and anxiety were decreased at T 3, 4, grip strength was increased at T 3, 4, the postoperative anal exhaust time was shortened, and the incidence of nausea was reduced in group M ( P<0.05). No reflux and aspiration happened during induction in either group. Conclusion:The gastric emptying of 300 ml enzyme-hydrolyzed rice flour solution orally administered at 2 h before surgery is normal in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which does not increase the risk of reflux and aspiration during anesthesia induction, reduces postoperative insulin resistance, and increases patient′s subjective comfort, and enhances the postoperative recovery of intestinal function.

Objective:To summarize the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics of children with neurodegeneration caused by UBTF gene mutations in childhood. Methods:The clinical and genetic data of 3 children with neurodegeneration in childhood diagnosed in the Department of Neurology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from February 2020 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. All the 3 probands were found having UBTF gene mutations through the whole exome gene sequencing, and the first generation Sanger sequencing method was used to verify the UBTF gene in their family members. The variation characteristics of the UBTF gene were analyzed, and the treatment and follow-up results of the 3 children were summarized. Results:Among the 3 children with childhood onset neurodegeneration, 2 were male and 1 female, aged 9 months, 4 years and 6 months after birth, respectively. The clinical phenotypes mainly included motor retardation, speech and mental retardation, and dystonia. Among them, case 1 and case 2 had seizures, case 1 had dysphagia, feeding problems, no weight gain and ataxia. Brain MRI plain scan showed that case 1 and case 2 had different degrees of cerebral atrophy, case 1 had hypoplasia of corpus callosum, ventricle expansion and softening focus, and case 3 showed non-specific widening of the subarachnoid space. There were no abnormalities in the chromosome copy number variation and mitochondrial ring gene testing in the 3 children; the whole exon gene testing suggested the de novo missense variant in the UBTF gene [NM_014233.4: c.1414(exon14) G>A (p.Gly472Ser), c.1392(exon14)G>T(p.Lys464Asn)] and the maternal nonsense variant [NM_014233.4:c.520C>T(p.Arg174 *)], which were unreported site variants. In terms of treatment, the 3 children received comprehensive rehabilitation function training, and achieved a certain degree of language and intelligence improvement. Seizure control was effectively managed in case 1 with a single antiepileptic drug. Epileptic seizures were effectively treated and controlled in case 2 using more than 4 types of antiepileptic drugs. Conclusions:Neurodegenerative changes caused by UBTF gene mutations in childhood are relatively rare, and some cases may be accompanied with brain atrophy. De novo missense variation and maternal nonsense variation of the UBTF gene are the genetic etiology of the 3 probands.