With the frequent outbreaks of food contamination events all around the world , the international reg-ulation of food safety has been paid more and more attention in the international society .At present , regulations of in-ternational law on food safety showed the following trends .Firstly, international law regulates food safety in three di-rections, which are in the directions of market surveillance human rights and public health .Secondly, both interna-tional hard law and international soft law play equal role in regulating food safety at the same time .Thirdly, Multina-tional Companies,Non-governmental organizations ,the public and the media have responsibility and play a more and more important role in the governance of food safety .Fourthly , a global governance framework and network of food safety is coming into being .

Sumsimiao's medical morality thoughts attach great importance to the internal life and its quality.It is what the essence of medical humane spirit is,and also what people of the age need.In spite of technology developing in a fantastic speed,modern medicine tends to shrink in humane spirit.Whereupon,it's the medical personnel and whole society's duty to advocate Sumsimiao's thoughts,ponder the function and quality of medicine,and restore the medical humane spirit.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficaey of oxaliplatin plus capecitabine combined with concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of locally advaneed oesophageal squamous cell cancer (OSCC).Methods Between July 2003 and December 2008, 46 patients with locally advanced OSCC were irradiated with a dose of 60-64 Gy in 30-32 fractions. The target area included the primary tumor, the lymph nodes with short axis ≥ 10 ram, and the lymphatic drainage region. Two cycles of concurrent chemotherapy was given during radiotherapy, with the oxaliplatin of 85 mg/m~2 on d_1, d_(21), d_(41) and capecitabine of 850 mg/m~2 on d_(1-14) and d_(21-35), which was followed by two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Results The complete re-sponse rate was 33% (14/46), and partial response rate was 56% (24/46), thus the response rate was 88%. Three patients (7%) had no response and 2 patients (5%) had progression. Obstruction relief rate was 90% ,and pain in the chest and back disappeared in 100% of patients. The 1-,2- and 3-year local con-trol rates and overall survival rates were 72% ,40%, 34% and 80%, 45%, 40%, respectively. Acute ra-diation-induced esophagitis rate was 100%, of which 19% was ≥ grade 3. Leuoopenia occurred in 65% of paients and 23% was ≥ grade 3. 23% of the patients had reduced hemoglobin, and 10% with ≥ grade 3.Hand and foot syndrome rate was 16%, and 4% was ≥grade 3. Conclusions Oxaliplatin plus capecit-abine combined with concurrent radiotherapy may be an effective and well-tolerated regimen in patients with locally advanced oesophageal cancer.

Objective To study the apoptosis-inducing effect of histamin-indomethacin（his-IN）on Lewis lung cancer cell in mice.Methods The suspension of tumor cells from Lewis lung cancer mice was inoculated into the left axilla of Kunming mice.When the tumor grew to 1 cm in diameter,the mice were divided into 5 groups and received corresponding treatment：3.0 mg/kg indomethacin（IN）group,3.5 mg/kg IN group,3.0 mg/kg his-IN group,3.5 mg/kg his-IN group,and saline control group.Ten days later,the therapeutic effects were evaluated by the tumor inhibitory rate,the apoptotic peak and rate of tumor cells were measured by flow-cytometry（FCM）,and tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）level was estimated by radio-immunity method.Results TNF-α level,the tumor inhibitory rate and the apoptosis rate of his-IN group and IN group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and those of 3.5 mg/kg his-IN group was the highest.In the groups of his-IN or IN treatment,an apoptotic peak was found before G0/G1 phase,and the peak in his-IN group appeared earlier than IN group.Conclusion IN and his-IN could resist the growth of the tumor and promote cell apoptosis of Lewis lung cancer in mice.

Objective: The energy intake and energy expenditure were measured in order to observe the variation of energy metabolism in simple obese children and provide evidences for further research of etiology, prevention and control of obesity in children. Methods: Basic metabolic rate(BMR), resting metabolic rate (RMR) and energy expenditure of standardized cycling were measured by using open-circuit indirect calorimetry in 54 obese children and 60 nonobese children in a full-time boarding school in Guangzhou suburb. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was estimated by time record of activities and factorial approach. Dietary intake was surveyed by weighing method. Results: When expressed as kJ/h, BMR,RMR, energy expenditure of standardized cycling were significantly higher(P

The chemosensitivity enhancive mechanism on nitric oxide includes three routes:adjust the expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α(HIF-1 α),classical nitric oxide signal pathway and combine with the reaction products of other molecules.Traditional nitric oxide donor compounds include nitroferricya-nide,organic nitrates,s-nitrosothiols,azo onium diol aldoxide,non-steroids anti-inflammatory drugs,whose function of antitumor and chemotherapy sensitization caused extensive attention.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extract technology of the total Favonoids from the fruits of Polygonum viviparum L.METHODS: The content of Flavonoids was computed with rutin as standard substance, and the influence of different factors and levels on the extract technology were investigated by means of simple factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. RESULTS: The optimum extraction technology was as follows: with water-bath temperature at 80℃, the ratio of liquid to solid material at 8∶1 and the concentration of ethanol at 50%, reflux extracting total Favonoids twice(1 h at each time). Under this condition, the content of total Flavonoids was 9.6%. CONCLUSION: The extraction method is appropriate, simple and feasible, and it provided theoretic basis for the production of this product.

Objective To explore the correlation between the change of CT value of osteolytic bone metastasis after the treatment of zoledronic acid and bone metabolism before treatment in breast cancer patients.Methods Twenty breast cancer patients with osteolytic bone metastases were diagnosed by 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy and 99m Tc-MDP SPECT/CT ( contain 16-slice spiral CT) for the first time entered this study.After treatment of zoledronic acid for 3-12 months with the same method, 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy and 99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT were peformed in the 20 breast cancer patients again with the same CT scan parameters(voltages:120kV, tube currents:80mA, pitches:3.75mm).With using regions of interesting (ROI)technique, the T/NT value of osteolytic bone metastases in the first 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy were measured.The CT value of same ROI before and after zoledronic acid therapy were measured (CT1 and CT2), and the change of CT value (△CT,△CT=CT2-CT1) were calculated.The correlation between them were analyzed. SPSS 16.0 was applied for variance and linear correlation analyses.Results (1)A total of 30 lesions of osteolytic bone metastases were detected in the 20 breast cancer patients by the first 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy and 99m Tc-MDP SPECT/CT.The CT value before therapy was significantly higher than that after therapy(425 ±152HU vs 120 ±73HU, t=9.95, P<0.01).(2)The change of CT value after therapy was positively correlated with and the T/NT value of osteolytic bone metastasis(r=0.907, P<0.01).(3)The change of CT value of positive lesions after therapy was significantly higher than that of negative lesions by 99mTc-MDP bone scan(W=15,P=0.001). Conclusion 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy provides an effective method to predict the efficacy of zoledronic acid for breast cancer pa-tients with osteolytic bone metastases.The breast cancer patients with high bone metabolism should be recommended zoledronic acid thera-py, conversely should not be recommended.

Objective To study the effects of intestinal trefoil factor(ITF) on inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and NO density in neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC). Methods Forty neonatal rats were randomly divided into five groups: Group A, NEC+ ITF 0.5 mg; Group B, NEC+ ITF 0.2 mg; Group C, NEC+ N.S 0.5 ml; Group D, NEC+ N.S 0.2 ml; Group E, normal control. NEC model was established as following method: one-day old Wistar rats were put into 100%carbon dioxide for 5 min and then 100% oxygen for 5 min before returned to their mothers. This was done once daily for 3 days. On the 4th day, all rats were sacrificed and the intestinal tissue located at the boundary of ileum and cecum was obtained for histological examination by HE staining and iNOS, TNF-? and NO level by immunohistopathology. Results iNOS was found negative in group A, B and E, but positive in group C and D. The density of TNF-? were significantly decreased in group A[(30.515?2.731) pg/mg?pro] and B[(32.229? 4.978) pg/mg?pro] than that in group C[(39.957?8.283) pg/mg?pro] and D[(39.960?8.374) pg/mg?pro, P 0.05)]. The density of NO were significantly decreased in group A[(0.37?0.07) ?mol/mg tissue] and B[(0.54?0.08) ?mol/mg tissue] than that in group C[(0.76?0.01) ?mol/mg tissue] and D[(0.82? 0.04) ?mol/mg tissue ( P 0.05)]. The TNF-? and NO expression showed no difference among group A and B, group C and D. The pathological lesions indicate that severe intestinal tissue necrosis in group C and D, and mild in group A and B. Conclusions Intestinal inflammation could be ameliorated after ITF injection hypodermically or intraperitoneally. ITF may provide a brand-new way for the management of NEC in neonatal rats.

Objective To investigate the pathology of nonpalpable breast lesions(NPBL),and evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided mammotome(MMT)biopsy.Methods Between January 2005 and December 2007,254 patients with NPBL(328 lesions)diagnosed by ultrasonography received ultrasound-guided MMT biopsy.Among the patients,176 were diagnosed as having no breast mass or calcification by mammography.Results Of the 328 lesions,269(82.0%)were fibroadenomas,34 were(10.4%)cysts,3(0.9%)were intraductal papillomas,19(5.8%)were adenosis,and 3(0.9%)were early breast cancers.Among the 254 cases,251(98.8%)were benign without positives findings during follow-up.These patients received simple MMT,and 239(95.2%)of them were satisfied with the cosmetic outcome.The other 3(1.2%)patients who had malignancies were treated with modified mastectomy;none of them had residual tumors.The underestimate rate for NPBL was 0 in our cases.Of the 251 benign patients who received only MMT biopsy,239(95.2%)have satisfactory cosmetic results.Conclusions As an effective,minimally invasive,and rapid diagnostic technique for NPBL,ultrasound-guided MMT biopsy is an optimal tool for "one-step" operation.By using the method,underestimate risk can be decreased.