Objective To analysis the molecular epidemiology characteristics of human Bocavirus1-4 ( HBoV 1-4) in children for diarrhea in Urumqi area.Methods Feces samples were collected from 315 in-patient and out-patient children with diarrhea at People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Xinjiang Province,China,all through the year of 2011.Using nested PCR,which amplified NS1(518 bp) fragments.Human Bocavirus1-4 were screened. Results The overall frequency of HBoVs was 8.57％ (27/315),of which 2 were HBoV1,22 were HBoV2,and 3 were HBoV3.HBoV4 was not detected.Except XJ1378,the rest of 26 strains shared 98％-100％ nucleotide sequence identity with different reference strains,but 3 HBoV3 all shared 92％ nucleotide sequence identity with gorilla BGoV12009( HM145750.1 ).Phylogeny showed that NS1 fragments of HBoV3 were closer to that of HBoV1.HBoV infection was distributing throughout the year,there was no significant seasonal.There was no difference in gender,age and ethnic.Conclusion HBoV1-3 were detected throughout the year in Urumqi area,Xinjiang,HBoV2 was dominant.

Objective To investigate the cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles on vascular endothelial cells, and to clarify its action mechanism.Methods The 60 nm silica nanoparticle was selected and the invitro cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)were used as cell model.The HUVECs were divided into control and silica nanoparticle exposure groups with concentrations of 12.5,25.0,and 100.00 mg·L-1 .MTT assay was used for the determination of cell viability,lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)release assay for membrane integrity,flow cytometry (FCM)for intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)content,and real-time PCR assay for intracellular NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2 ), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1 ), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2 ) and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC)mRNA levels.Results The MTT results showed that the cell viabilities in each silica nnaoparticle exposure group were decreased compared with control group in a dose-dependent manner. Upon the silica nanoparticle exposure for 12 h,the cell viability was declined significantly only in 100 mg·L-1 exposure group compared with control group (P<0.05).When exposured for 24 h,the cell viabilities in 25.0, 50.0,and 100.0 mg·L-1 exposure groups were declined significantly compared with control group (P<0.05). Under the exposure to silica nanoparticle with the same dose, the cell viabilities were decreased along with the elongation of exposure time.LDH assay and FCM showed that except for that in 12.5 mg·L-1 exposure group, both the LDH activities in media and intracellular ROS levels in other exposure groups were increased compared with control group (P<0.05 ). The results of real-time fluorescence PCR showed that the mRNA levels of Nrf2, HO-1,SOD2 and GCLC in 100 mg·L-1 silica nanoparticle exposure group were increased significantly compared with control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Silica nanoparticles have toxicity to vascular endothelial cells,which includes reducing cell viability,membrane integrity destruction,induction of ROS generation,and tranSCriptional regulation of redox-related factors. Oxidative damage is one of the mechanisms of vascular endothelial toxicity mediated by silica nanoparticles.

Faciliysyion techniques were used to help improve the extremity motor functions of 43 elderly and 79 middle aged or youthful stroke patients. The Fugl-Meyer scale was employed for thc assessment of the functional status. The results showed that the motor function of upper extremty of thc elderly patients was not improved. but the motor function of lower extremity was improved significantly. The motor functions of upper and lower extremities were all improved significantly in the middle-aged or youthful patients. In early rehabilitation group the Increased motor function marks of the upper extremity of the elderly stroke patients were less than that of the middle-aged or youthful stroke patients. the increased motor function marks of the lower extremity of The elderly stroke patients were less significantly than that of the middle-aged or youthful stroke patients also. In late rehahilitation group the increased motor function marks of the lower extremity in elderly stroke patients were more than that in the middle-aged or youthful stroke patients.

Objective To explore the effects of intravenous infusion treatment team in a children's hospital.Methods Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou established an intravenous infusion treatment team in 2015 along with formulating and implementing job objective and responsibilities. And then, we compared the success rate of first puncture, average puncture time, satisfaction of the children patients with the venipuncture skill and times complained due to puncture failure before (January 2014 to December 2014, 1511 children with difficult puncture) and after (January 2015 to December 2015, 1581 children with difficult puncture) implementation.Results After implementation, the success rate of first puncture for difficult puncture raised from 84.58% to 92.60%. The average puncture time decreased from (6.43±2.71) min to (5.47±1.88) min. The satisfaction of the children patients with the venipuncture skill improve from 93.72% to 98.87%. The times complained due to puncture failure decreased from 37 times to 18 times.Conclusions The effective operation of the intravenous infusion treatment team in a children's hospital can effectively solve the problem of difficult puncture, promote the professional development of intravenous infusion treatment in paediatrics department.

Objective To evaluate effects of the yeast form of Sporothrix schenckii on activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in macrophagelike THP-1 cells,which were differentiated from the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1.Methods THP-1 macrophage-like cells were divided into 3 groups to be treated with the yeast form of Sporothrix schenckii at a concentration of 2 × 106 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml (yeast form group),100 mg/L curdlan (curdlan group) and RPMI 1640 medium (blank control group) respectively.Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression of IL-6 in THP-1 macrophage-like cells in the above 3 groups after 3-and 6-hour treatment separately,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the level of IL-6 in the culture supernatant of THP-1 macrophagelike cells after 24-hour treatment.Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the protein expression of p38MAPK and phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) in the above 3 groups after 30-and 60-minute treatment separately.Other THP-1 macrophage-like cells were pretreated with 100 nmol/L dexamcthasonc (a p38MAPK inhibitor) for 30 minutes,and then were divided into 3 groups to be treated with the yeast form of Sporothrix schenckii,curdlan and RPMI 1640 medium respectively,and changes in the level of pp38MAPK and mRNA expression of IL-6 were also detected.Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS19.0 software by using one-way or multi-way analysis of variance and least significant difference (LSD) test.Results Significant differences in the mRNA expression of IL-6 in THP-1 macrophage-like cells were observed among the yeast form group,curdlan group and blank control group (F =5 552.22,P ＜0.001) after 3-hour treatment (56.81 ± 7.36,26.69 ± 1.22 and 0.97 ± 0.05,respectively) and 6-hour treatment (378.03 ± 16.67,276.24 ± 39.13 and 1.02 ± 0.04,respectively).Additionally,the yeast form group showed significantly higher mRNA expression of IL-6 after 6-hour treatment than that after 3-hour treatment (q =16.74,P ＜ 0.001).After 24-hour treatment,the level of IL-6 in the culture supernatant of THP-1 macrophage-like cells also significantly differed among the yeast form group,curdlan group and blank control group (59.96 ± 18.16 pg/L,91.01 ± 17.27 pg/L,5.50 ± 2.30 pg/L,respectively;F =26.62,P ＜ 0.01),and was significantly higher in the yeast form group than in the blank control group (P ＜ 0.01).After 30-and 60-minute treatment,the protein expression of p-p38MAPK was significantly higher in the yeast form group than in the blank control group (both P ＜ 0.01).Moreover,the mRNA expression of IL-6 (4.46 ± 1.03 vs.493.52 ± 113.87,P ＜ 0.001) and protein expression of p-p38MAPK (2.29 ± 0.37 vs.4.55 ±0.46,q =10.81,P ＜ 0.01) were both significantly lower in the yeast form group with dexamethasone pretreatment than in that without dexamethasone pretreatment.Conclusion In vitro treatment with the yeast form of Sporothrix schenckii can enhance the expression of IL-6 in human THP-1 macrophage-like cells by activating the p38MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different doses of Astragalus membranaceus on the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF) in serum and lung tissues of rats with pulmonary embolism. Methods Seventy-six clean-grade healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8-9 weeks, weighing 140-170 g, were assigned to control group ( group C, n=11) and experimental group ( group E, n=65) by a random number table method. The rats with pulmonary em-bolism in group E were further divided into 4 subgroups using a random number table method: pulmonary embolism group (group P), low-dose Astragalus membranaceus group (group H1), median-dose Astraga-lus membranaceus group ( group H2 ) and high-dose Astragalus membranaceus group ( group H3 ) . The model of pulmonary embolism was established by injecting autologous blood clots into the right jugular vein. At 1 h and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 days after successful establishment of the model, Astragalus membrana-ceus 20, 40 and 60 g∕kg were injected intraperitoneally in H1-3 groups, respectively, while the equal vol-ume of normal saline was given instead in group P. The chest was opened after anesthesia on day 7, and blood samples were collected from cardiac chambers for determination of concentrations of serum VEGF and bFGF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The pulmonary specimens were obtained from the upper lobe of right lungs for determination of the expression of VEGF and bFGF mRNA ( using real-time polymerase chain reaction) . Results Compared with group C, the concentrations of serum VEGF and bFGF were sig-nificantly increased, and the expression of VEGF and bFGF mRNA in lung tissues was up-regulated in the other four groups (P<0. 05). Compared with group P, the serum bFGF concentration was significantly in-creased, and the expression of VEGF and bFGF mRNA in lung tissues was up-regulated in H1-3 groups ( P<0. 05) . Compared with group H1, the serum bFGF concentration was significantly increased, the ex-pression of VEGF mRNA and bFGF mRNA in lung tissues was up-regulated in H2 and H3 groups ( P<0. 05) . Compared with group H2, the expression of VEGF and bFGF mRNA in lung tissues was significant-ly up-regulated in group H3 ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion Astragalus membranaceus can up-regulate the ex-pression of VEGF and bFGF in lung tissues in a dose-dependent manner, thus improving pulmonary embol-ism in rats.

Objective To construct the digitalized 3 dimensional(3D)model by using the CTA and MRA original images and to assess the differences in the pelvic and abdominal vessel display between CTA and MRA.Methods The original data set in 25 healthy youth female cases of CTA and MRA were collected.The datasets,reconstructed the 3D models of arteries and venous on 3D reconstruction software Mimics10.0 was used to construct the 3D model of pevic and abdominal vessels.The reconstruction situation of abdominal aorta,inferior vena cava,common iliac artery and common iliac venous,internal and external iliac artery and iliac venous,uterine artery,obturator artery and obturator venous,hip artery and its branches,internal pudendal artery,middle sacral artery and venous,ovarian artery and venous and sacral venous plexus were observed.Moreover the chi-square test was used to analyze whether the above vessel display rate having differences between the two kinds of model.Results The abdominal aorta,inferior vena cava,common iliac artery and common iliac venous,internal and external iliac artery and iliac venous and uterine artery almost reached 100 ％ display.The display rates of CTA model for right and left obturator artery and venous were 92 ％,80 ％,44 ％ and 32 ％ respectively,while which of MRA model were 84 ％,72 ％,36 ％ and 4％ respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(P =0.382,P=0.508,P =0.564,P =0.382).The sacral venous plexus,including S1,2,3,4 transverse vein,the display rates in 25 cases of CTA 3D models were 4％,8％,0％and 4％respective,while which of MRA models were 76％,92％,96％and 44％respectively,the differences between them were statistically significant(P＜0.01,P＜0.01,P＜0.01,P=0.01).Conclusion Based on the observation of 3D models,the displaying rate of grade 4 pelvic and abdominal vessels has no statistical difference between MRA imaging technology and currently widely used CTA technology,moreover the MRA technology is superior to the CTA technology in presacral vessel net display.

Objective:To explore the influence of family function on the psychological resilience of mothers of premature infants.Method:Totally 2 836 mothers of premature infants who met the inclusion criteria were investigated with general information questionnaire, family APGAR index (APGAR) and Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) in three third-class A general hospitals and two specialty hospitals in Ningxia.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between psychological resilience and family function of preterm mothers.Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the impact of family function on psychological resilience of preterm mothers.Results:Total score of resilience scale in mothers of premature infants was (68.38±16.59) and the total score of family function was (9.07±1.53). There were 1 550 cases with good family function and 1 286 cases with family dysfunction.The total score of psychological elasticity and the score of all dimensions in the group with good family function were higher than those in the group with family dysfunction( P<0.05). The total score of psychological elasticity ( r=0.771, P<0.01) and self-improvement ( r=0.410, P<0.05), tenacity ( r=0.492, P<0.01), optimism( r=0.438, P<0.05) were positively correlated with family function.Stratified regression analysis showed that cooperation( β=1.016) and intimacy( β=0.389) were the important influencing factors of preterm mothers' psychological resilience ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Psychological resilience of mothers of premature infants is closely related to their family function.Good family function can help mothers of premature infants improve their psychological resilience and promote their mental health.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of pregnant women with leukemia, the condition of leukemia and the influence of clinical treatment on maternal and infant outcomes, and to explore the best clinical management method of leukemia in pregnancy.Methods:Among 79 890 pregnant and lying-in women in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2004 to December 2015, 22 cases (0.028%) were with leukemia, including 5 cases of leukemia diagnosed before pregnancy [all acute myeloid leukemia (AML)] and 17 cases of leukemia diagnosed for the first time after pregnancy [9 cases of AML, 5 cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 2 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 1 case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)]. According to the gestational weeks of admission and confirmed gestational weeks of leukemia, the 22 patients were divided into early-stage group (initial gestational week < 14 weeks, 5 cases), mid-stage group (newly diagnosed gestational week ≥ 14 weeks and < 28 weeks, 11 cases), and late-stage group (newly diagnosed gestational week ≥ 28 weeks, 6 cases, including 2 cases with previous diagnosis of leukemia). The final pregnancy outcomes included abortion, induced labor, premature delivery, full-term delivery and maternal and infant death. The effects of clinical treatment and obstetric treatment of leukemia on the final maternal and infant outcomes, follow-up to understand the progress of primary disease and fertility of pregnant women, and the impact of leukemia and pregnancy treatment on long-term health status of infants were analyzed.Results:Among 22 patients with leukemia in pregnancy, 14 cases (63.6%) (5 cases in early-stage group and 9 cases in mid-stage group) choosed to give up pregnancy, including 4 cases of early pregnancy abortion and 10 cases of mid pregnancy induced abortion; 12 cases of 14 cases were induced abortion or induced labor after leukemia remission induced by advanced chemotherapy. The remaining 8 patients (2 cases in mid-stage group and 6 cases in late-stage group) continued pregnancy and gave birth to live infants, of which 3 cases received chemotherapy before delivery.Conclusions:Gestational leukemia is a high-risk obstetric case, but it is still expected to achieve good pregnancy outcome under good management and treatment. On the basis of following the principles of leukemia treatment, according to the gestational weeks and patients' wishes, the individualized clinical management plan is formulated, and the accurate chemotherapy timing is conducive to the prognosis of mother and infant.

Objective To investigate the effects of early essential newborn care (EENC) on body temperature and short-term clinical outcomes of vaginally born preterm infants at 1 h after birth. Methods This was a prospective case-control study. A total of 97 premature infants, who were born vaginally between 34-37 weeks in the Obstetrics Department of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 1 to December 31, 2017 and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were enrolled as intervention group. Another 103 premature infants, who were born vaginally in the Obstetrics Department of Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital at the same period were enrolled as control group. EENC-based treatment and management were implemented to infants in the intervention group, such as thorough drying immediately, 30 min skin-to-skin contact immediately and delayed cord clamping after birth, etc., while those in the control group were managed based on routine protocol. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidence of hypothermia, hypoglycemia and hypoxemia between the two groups at 1 h after birth. The general condition and the time of colostrum secretion were compared by two independent sample t-test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of hypothermia. Results At last, 96 participants in the intervention group and 102 in the control group were analyzed. Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed lower incidence of hypothermia [17.7% (17/96) vs 37.3% (38/102), χ2=9.418, P=0.002], hypoglycemia [9.4% (9/96) vs 19.6% (20/102), χ2=4.142, P=0.042] and hypoxemia [14.6% (14/96) vs 28.4% (29/102), χ2=5.578, P=0.018] at 1 h after birth and earlier colostrum secretion [(18.3±2.4) vs (31.4±3.5) min, t=32.463, P<0.001]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight <2 500 g ( OR=2.483, 95% CI : 1.731-3.234, P=0.025), gestational age<36 weeks (OR=1.899, 95%CI : 1.325-2.472, P=0.012), room temperature between 22-24℃in the delivery ward (OR=2.465, 95% CI: 1.279-4.754, P=0.007), no-skin contact (OR=2.958, 95%CI: 1.435-4.481, P=0.023) and rapid and simple drying ( OR=2.467, 95% CI : 1.285-4.736, P=0.006) were the risk factors for hypothermia in premature infants. Conclusions EENC can reduce the incidence of hypothermia, hypoglycemia and hypoxemia in premature infants at 1 h after birth and may be helpful for early colostrum secretion.