Objective To explore the application and clinical effects of nursing procedure of in the patients of Ebola virus dis-ease (EVD).Methods We went on nursing assessments to the 5 EVD patients by applying nursing procedure and made the nursing diagnosis based on the results of nursing assessments.Then we analyzed the possible reasons of common nursing problems and made anticipated goals and carried out the nursing strategies.We evaluated the efficiency of nursing eventually.Results We carried out nursing procedures in 5 EVD patients.No complication was occurred in all patients.Three patients fully recovered and dis-charged from our hospital.We got a good treatment results and achieved good social benefits.Conclusion System nursing to EVD patients,which accords to nursing procedure,helps us reducing the nursing complications,and decreasing the mortality of patients.

Objective To establish core competence evaluation index system of orthopaedic specialized nurse .Methods Alto‐gether 35 experts from Class Ⅲ Grade Ⅰ hospital in Chongqing ,Beijing ,Jiangshu were consulted by a three‐round delphi survey ,and finally established the core competence evaluation index system of orthopaedic and the weight of each index .Results The core com‐petence evaluation indexes of orthopaedic specialized nurse included 4 first class indexes ,14 second class indexes and 72 third class indexes .The expert authority coefficient was 0 .833 ,the familiar coefficient was 0 .794 ,the determination coefficient was 0 .872 ,The coordination coefficient of primary and secondary and third indicators were 0 .390 ,0 .324 ,0 .308 ,respectively ,and there were statis‐tically significant differences (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The expert opinions for the core competence evaluation indexes are consist‐ent ,the results are objective and scientific .It can provide quantitative standards for training ,examining and evaluation of orthopaedic specialized nurse .

Objective To investigate the methods and effects of multimodal and phased protective training for medical staff against Ebola.Methods The 4 stages of the protective training include the theoretical teaching,track type simulative process train-ing,simulative ward training,on-site training.We combined the 4 protective training stages and made 4 protective skills assessments in sequence.Results The average scores and qualified rates of the medical staff in the second,third,fourth assessment increased significantly comparing with that in the first assessment.The qualified rate reached 100% in the fourth assessment and we realized zero infection during the mission.Conclusion Multimodal phased protective training reinforced the protective skills of medical staff.Zero infection of medical staff needed seamless supervision in work time eventually.

To investigate the phenotypic characteristics of the strain of the rabies virus CTNCEC25, the strain of the China rabies virus CTN-1 adapted to primary chicken embryo cells (CECs), Vero cells, and mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells was inoculated with CTNCEC25 and parental CTN-1 strains to explore the cytopathic effect (CPE) and growth kinetics of CTNCEC25 on cultured cells. To determine the pathogenicity of CTNCEC25, suckling mice, adult mice, guinea pigs and rabbits were inoculated with CTNCEC25 via the intracerebral route and their survival monitored every day. Furthermore, the CTNCEC25 strain was passed serially in CECs for 20 passages and then 3 passages in the brains of suckling mice to determine phenotypic stability. CTNCEC25 achieved similar growth kinetics in Vero cells and N2a cells compared with parental CTN-1, but CTNCEC25 replicated more efficiently in CECs than the CTN-1 strain with a titer 72 h after infection reaching 10(7.5-7.6) FFU/mL, which was significantly higher than the 10(5.8) FFU/mL achieved by its parental strain, CTN-1. Moreover, CTNCEC25 induced apparent CPE in Vero cells, CECs and N2a cells. Analyses of intracerebral inoculation demonstrated that CTNCEC25 was attenuated profoundly in adult mice and was completely apathogenic to guinea pigs and rabbits, though it caused death in suckling mice. The CTNCEC25 strain proliferated steadily after serial passage in CECs and the brains of suckling mice, and remained avirulent in adult mice. These results suggest that CTNCEC25 is a highly attenuated and genetically stable strain of the rabies virus. CTNCEC25 replicated stably and efficiently in cultured cells and achieved high titers, so it could be a promising and safe vaccine strain for rabies prevention in China.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; China ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Mice ; Rabbits ; Rabies ; virology ; Rabies virus ; genetics ; growth & development ; pathogenicity ; Serial Passage ; Viral Vaccines ; adverse effects ; genetics ; Virulence

Objective: Anesthesia-induced cognitive impairments are common for elder patients after surgery. Oxidative stress is the predominant factor contributing to the impairments. This study was to assess the therapeutic potential of an anti-oxidative naturally occurring flavonoid, chrysin, in attenuating sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairments in rat models. Methods: Rat models of cognitive impairments were constructed by exposing aged rats (18 months old) to sevoflurane for 2 h. Chrysin was administered via oral gavage at the dose of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day for seven days. The elevated plus maze test was used to assess anxiety and explorative behaviors. Spatial memory tests were performed using novel object recognition test, object location memory task, and water maze experiments. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring levels of malondialdehyde, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, 4-hydroxynonenal, and glutathione using colorimetric assays. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to analyze how chrysin affects nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf) signaling. Results: While sevoflurane anesthesia led to significant decline in cognitive performance in object recognition test, object location memory task, and water maze test, chrysin exerted significant effects in alleviating the impairments. Oxidative stress was also reduced in the hippocampus tissue of rats after chrysin intake. Nrf signaling was activated by chrysin treatment in sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment models. Conclusion Chrysin was effective in alleviating cognitive impairments induced by sevoflurane anesthesia, which was at least in part facilitated by its effects in reducing oxidative stress via activating Nrf signaling.

Objective To optimize the microwave-assisted extraction process of green tea polyphenols. Methods The extraction yield of tea polyphenols was figured up by building the standard curve of gallic acid and examining the concentration of tea polyphenols in green tea extract with the introduction of a correction factor. The effects of four single factor levels of microwave extraction time, microwave output power, liquid-to-material yield, and ethanol volume fraction on the extraction yield of tea polyphenols were primarily studied in this experiment. The response surface was applied to further optimize the extraction process of green tea polyphenols after exploring the appropriate range of four single factor levels. Results The optimal extraction process was as follows: extraction time 37 s, microwave output power 350 w, material - liquid yield 1∶45 (g/ml), ethanol volume fraction 55%, and the actual extraction yield of tea polyphenols was 25.65%, which was not much different from the theoretical value. Conclusion The microwave-assisted green tea polyphenol extraction process optimized by response surface methodology is time-saving and practicable, and the extraction yield is high.

OBJECTIVE: To present on a prenatally diagnosed case with complex structural rearrangements of chromosome 8. METHODS: Chromosome karyotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were carried out for a fetus with increased nuchal thickness. RESULTS: The karyotype of the amniotic fluid sample showed extra materials on 8p. FISH revealed a centromeric signal at the terminal of 8p with absence of telomeric signal. CMA revealed partial deletion of 8p23.3 [(208049_2256732)×1], partial duplication of 8p23.3p23.2 [(2259519_3016818)×3], and partial duplication of 8q [8q11.1q12.2(45951900_60989083)×3]. CONCLUSION The complex structural rearrangements of chromosome 8 in this case has differed from the commonly seen inv dup del(8p).
Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics* ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Gene Rearrangement ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Centromere

Breast cancer is a kind of malignant tumor discovered lately, with a high incidence and a poor prognosis. The shortage of relevant biological biomarkers lead to the unsatisfactory treatment efficacy and the early diagnosis in breast cancer. Metabolomics is a new discipline that uses high-throughput analysis techniques to study the dynamic changes of endogenous metabolites under the influence of different pathological physiological stimulation or gene mutations, which has provided a novel way for biomarker screening and disease diagnosis and treatment. The overview of metabolomics and its applications in breast cancer early diagnosis, drug efficacy evaluation, and disease prognosis were summarized in this review.

Objective To optimize the process conditions and analyze the components of alkaloids from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim（Z. bungeanum）using macroporous resin. Methods Combining single factor tests and orthogonal tests, the content of hydroxy-α-sanshool（HAS）and hydroxy-β-sanshool（HBS）were considered as indexes to determine the best process parameters. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E）was used to identify the structures of alkaloids. Results The optimal conditions were Mitsubishi HP-20 macroporous resin, the loading solution concentration was 0.2 g crude drug/ml, the ratio of crude drug to resin volume was 1 g∶2.5 ml, the diameter/height ratio of resin column was 1∶7, the dynamic adsorption flow rate was 4 times of bed volume（BV）per hour, and the adsorption time was 1 h. Impurities were removed by using 2 BV of 20% ethanol, 5 BV of 80% ethanol was used to elution, and the content of HAS and HBS was 4.71% and 1.02%, respectively. A total of 20 alkaloids were identified from Z. bungeanum. Conclusion This method was stable and feasible, obtaining high purity and various kinds of alkaloids, which could be used for the enrichment and purification of alkaloids from Z. bungeanum.

Motor imagery (MI) is an important paradigm of driving brain computer interface (BCI). However, MI is not easy to control or acquire, and the performance of MI-BCI depends heavily on the performance of the subjects' MI. Therefore, the correct execution of MI mental activities, ability evaluation and improvement methods play important and even critical roles in the improvement and application of MI-BCI system's performance. However, in the research and development of MI-BCI, the existing researches mainly focus on the decoding algorithm of MI, but do not pay enough attention to the above three aspects of MI mental activities. In this paper, these problems of MI-BCI are discussed in detail, and it is pointed out that the subjects tend to use visual motor imagery as kinesthetic motor imagery. In the future, we need to develop some objective, quantitatively visualized MI ability evaluation methods, and develop some effective and less time-consumption training methods to improve MI ability. It is also necessary to solve the differences and commonness of MI problems between and within individuals and MI-BCI illiteracy to a certain extent.
Algorithms ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Imagery, Psychotherapy ; Imagination