Objective To develop a HPLC method for determination of aesculin, aesculetin,baicalin and ellagic acid in Xielining tablets. Methods The hypersil C18 column was used with the flow rate of 1. 1 mL·min-1 . The mobile phase A consisted of methanol-acetonitrile(4∶1),the mobile phase B consisted of 0. 1% phosphoric acid solution; The detection wave-lengths were λ1 =334 nm(aesculin and aesculetin),λ2 = 280 nm(baicalin),and λ3 = 254 nm(ellagic acid). Results There was a good linear relationship between the peak area values and concentrations of aesculin,aesculetin,baicalin and ellagic acid. The quantitation range of aesculin,aesculetin,baicalin and ellagic acid was 0. 058 6 -1. 172 0 μg( r = 0. 999 2), 0. 015 4 -0. 308 0 μg(r=0. 999 8),0. 447 2-8. 944 0 μg(r=0. 999 6),and 0. 072 6-1. 452 0 μg(r=0. 999 5), respectively. The aver-age recovery was 97. 24% (RSD=0. 78% ),97. 76% (RSD=1. 11% ),98. 43% (RSD=0. 93% ) and 96. 89% (RSD=0. 62% ), respectively. Conclusion The method is convenient,accurate,sensitive,reproducible and may be used in the determination of aesculin, aesculetin,baicalin and ellagic acid in Xielining tablets.

This study aimed to examine whether ophiopogonin D (OP-D) is capable of protecting cardiomyocytes against DOX-induced injury and the mechanisms involved. H9c2 cells were cultured. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability and toxicity. Mito-tracker as fluorescence probe was used to measure ROS content raised from mitochondria. The mRNA and protein expression of ATF6alpha, GRP78 and CHOP were analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The results showed that a significant endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was induced upon exposure of H9c2 cells to DOX as indicated by the increase in the expression of ERS related proteins, which was paralleled with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease in the viability of H9c2 cells. Whereas, DOX-induced ROS accumulation and up-regulation of ERS related proteins were partially abolished by pretreatment with OP-D. Consequently, a DOX-induced ERS was mitigated by application of OP-D. Similarly, DOX-induced decrease in cell viability was partially attenuated by either inhibiting CHOP or pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant. Moreover, cardiac ultrastructural abnormalities seen in mouse receiving DOX injections were obviously ameliorated by pretreatment of OP-D. Taken together, the present study proved that OP-D protects cardiomyocytes against DOX-induced injury, at least in part, through reducing ROS accumulation and alleviating ERS.

Objective To synthesize 18F labeled N-(2-18 F-fluoropropionyl)-L-glutamine (18 F-FPGLN) for tumor PET imaging,and to perform its biodistribution study on normal mice and PC-3 tumorbearing nude mice.Methods 4-nitrophenyl-2-18F-fluoropropionate (18F-NFP) was synthesized on the MF2V-IT-I synthesizer and was purified by semi-preparative HPLC.Anhydrous 18F-NFP was added to a solution of L-glutanine t-butyl ester to synthesize 18F-FPGLN t-butyl ester,which was hydrolyzed by HCl (3 mol/L) and neutralized with NaOH (2 mol/L) solution.18F-FPGLN product was collected for further study.Biodistribution study was performed on normal Kunming mice and PC-3 prostate cancer tumor-bearing nude mice,respectively.Results 18F-FPGLN was synthesized with 10％-15％ (decay uncorrected) overall radiochemical yield after 130 min of radiosynthesis.The radiochemical purity was higher than 96％.Rapid and high uptake of radiotracer was observed within the kidneys,and was quickly excreted through the urinary bladder.The uptake in kidney reached (35.0±1.2) ％ID/g at 5 min post-injection,and descended to (1.5±0.3) ％ID/g at 120 min.The liver,lung,heart and small intestine showed relatively moderate uptake of radioactivity.The uptake in the pancreas,muscle,spleen,stomach and brain was low,and the lowest uptake of (1.5±0.3) ％ID/g was found in the brain at 30 min post injection.High accumulation of 18F-FPGLN in PC-3 xenograft was observed,and the tumor/muscle ratio reached 2.07 at 60 min post injection.Conclusion A novel N-position 18F-labeled glutamine analogs 18F-FPGLN,with favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics,is synthesized successfully,which makes it possible to perform tumor PET imaging using 18F-FPGLN subsequently.

Objective Cryoballoon ablation of pulmonary vein (PV) ostia often induces a vagal response.This prospective study was designed to assess the effectiveness of prophylactic intravenous administration of atropine on hemodynamic impairment induced by cryoballoon ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods Twenty-five patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation undergoing cryoballoon ablation were prospectively enrolled and assigned to either the trial group on the control group.First twelve patients (the trial group) were administered 1 mg of atropine before deflation of the cryoballoon,while the following 13 patients (the control group) were given atropine only after the onset of the hemodynamic variation (decrease in heart rate and/or blood pressure).Treatment was considered effective when the hemodynamic variations were restored.Results In the trial group,three patients with transient hypotension did not require further supportive care throughout the procedures and one patient with hypotension required supportive management.In the control group,hypotension,bradycardia and mixed bradycardia with hypotension requiring supportive care occurred in six,three,and three patients,respectively.Overall,the rate of marked vagal responses was significantly lower when prophylactic atropine was administrated (4/12 vs.12/13 patients,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Atropine is effective in the prevention of all types of vasovagal responses induced by cryoballoon ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Objective:To investigate the composition of the renal disease spectrum and epidemiological characterisics for renal biopsy cases in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods:The clinical and pathological data of 10 684 renal biopsy cases from 12 hospitals in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from August 1986 to December 2019 were collected and the composition of renal diseases and pathological types were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Among the 10 684 renal biopsy cases with 5 595 males and 5 089 females, 7 804 cases (73.04%) were Han nationality, 2 357 cases (22.06%) were Uygur nationality and 523 cases (4.90%) were other nationalities. Among the 10 684 cases of renal biopsy, primary glomerular disease, secondary glomerular disease, tubulointerstitial disease, end-stage renal disease, genetic and congenital disease and post transplant glomerular disease were 8 533 cases (79.87%), 1 740 cases (16.29%), 229 cases (2.14%), 121 cases (1.13%), 46 cases (0.43%) and 15 cases (0.14%), respectively. The distribution of kidney diseases in Han, Uygur and other nationalities (except Han and Uygur in this region) was the same as that in general. There was no significant difference in disease type composition between Han and Uygur, Han and other nationalities, and Uygur and other nationalities (all P>0.05). Among the 8 533 cases of primary glomerular diseases, the top five pathological types were IgA nephropathy (3 095 cases, 36.27%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (2 008 cases, 23.53%), membranous nephropathy (1 503 cases, 17.61%), minimal glomerulopathy (567 cases, 6.64%) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (494 cases, 5.79%). The top five pathological types of primary glomerular diseases were different between Han and Uygur, and Han and other nationalities (both P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between Uygur and other nationalities in the top five pathological types of primary glomerular diseases ( P=0.113). Among 1 740 cases of secondary glomerular diseases, the top five pathological types were lupus nephritis (517 cases, 29.71%), Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis (304 cases, 17.47%), diabetic glomerulosclerosis (285 cases, 16.38%), benign renal arteriosclerosis (196 cases, 11.26%) and systemic vasculitis (101 cases, 5.80%). It was different between Han and Uygur, Han and other nationalities, and Uygur and other nationalities in the top five pathological types of secondary glomerular diseases. Conclusions:Primary glomerular disease accounts for 79.87% of renal diseases in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. IgA nephropathy is the main pathological type, followed by mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis and membranous nephropathy. The most common pathological type of secondary glomerular disease in this region is lupus nephritis, followed by Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis and diabetic glomerulosclerosis. The top five pathological types of primary glomerular diseases and secondary glomerular diseases are different in different ethnic groups in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

Objective:To explore the role of mechanical hemodynamic support (MHS) in mapping and catheter ablation of patients with hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT), report single-center experience in a cohort of consecutive patients receiving VT ablation during MHS therapy, and provide evidence-based medical evidence for clinical practice.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. Patients with hemodynamically unstable VT who underwent catheter ablation with MHS at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University between August 2021 and December 2023 were included. Patients were divided into rescue group and preventive group according to the purpose of treatment. Their demographic data, periprocedural details, and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed.Results:A total of 15 patients with hemodynamically unstable VT were included (8 patients in the rescue group and 7 patients in the preventive group). The acute procedure was successful in all patients. One patient in the rescue group had surgical left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, remaining 14 patients received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for circulation support. ECMO decannulation was performed in 12 patients due to clinical and hemodynamic stability, of which 6 patients were decannulation immediately after surgery and the remaining patients were decannulation at 2.0 (2.5) d after surgery. Two patients in the rescue group died during the index admission due to refractory heart failure and cerebral hemorrhage. During a median follow-up of 30 d (1 d to 12 months), one patient with LVAD had one episode of ventricular fibrillation at 6 months after discharge, and no further episodes of ventricular fibrillation and/or VT occurred after treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs. No malignant ventricular arrhythmia occurred in the remaining 12 patients who were followed up.Conclusions:MHS contributes to the successful completion of mapping and catheter ablation in patients with hemodynamically unstable VT, providing desirable hemodynamic status for emergency and elective conditions.