Objective To observe the effects of extracts of ginkgo leaves (EGL) on acute myocardial infarction, acute myocardial ischemia and blood hemorheology.Methods The effects of EGL on acute myocardial infarction were observed in dogs model induced by the ligation of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery; effects on acute myocardial ischemia were observed on rats model caused by intravenous injection of pituitrin and effects on blood hemorheology were observed in rabbits. Results EGL significantly reduced the myocardial infarction area, decreased the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase in dogs, reduced the elevation of ST segment of electrocardiogram in rats with myocardial ischemia and decreased whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity in rabbits. Conclusion EGL has protective effect against myocardial ischemic injury and can improve the parameters of blood hemorheology in rabbits. Its mechanism may be concerned with the reduction of the myocardial infarction area and infarction degree and the relief of acute myocardial ischemia.

Objective: The present study aimed to isolate and characterize a cancer stem cell-like sphere-forming cell subpopula-tion. Methods: By using a spheroid culture stem cell-conditioned medium, we isolated a subgroup of cancer stem-like cells from naso-pharyngeal cancer cell lines. Chemotherapy resistance was analyzed by using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, and clone-forming capabili-ty was determined by using softer agar clone formation assay. Finally, we verified the expression of the stemness-specific gene andβ-catenin by using immunocytochemistry staining and RT-PCR. Results: The lower-differentiated nasopharyngeal cancer lines con-tained more sphere-forming cells, whereas sphere-forming cells were not observed in the high differentiated nasopharyngeal cancer line CNE-1. Compared with CNE-2, CNE-2S (sphere-forming cells derived from CNE-2) exhibited higher chemotherapy resistance and clone-forming ability. Interestingly, the stemness genes BMI-1, ABCG2, and ALDH1 exhibited higher expression in CNE-2S than in CNE-2. β-catenin, a vital transcription factor of the WNT pathway related to stem cells, exhibited higher expression in CNE-2s cellular nucleus and plasma than in CNE-2. Conclusion: We isolated a subgroup of stem-like nasopharyngeal cancer sphere-forming cells. This discovery paves the way for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at eradicating tumorigenic subpopulations in nasopharyn-geal cancer.

AIM:To establish the quality specification of Yinzhihuang Injection (extract of Herba Artemisiae scopariae,extract of Fructus Gardeniae,extract of Radix Scutellariae,extract of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae); METHODS:Extractum Artemisiae Scopariae、 Extractum Fructus gardeniae、 Extractum Flos lonicerae and Extractum Radix scutellariae were identified by TLC and were determined by HPLC. RESULTS:The average recoveries of chlorogenil、gardenoside、baicalin and p-hydroxyacetophenone were 99.8%,99.2%,100.1% and 99.9%,respectively.RSD were 0.81%,1.20%,1.90% and 0.55%,respectively.The TLC sports developed were fairly clear,and the blank test showed no interference. CONCLUSION:The method developed is simple and accurate with good reproducibility,and the method can be used for quality control of Yinzhihuang Injection.

Objective To study the trends in surgical treatment and the outcomes of critical acute pancreatitis (CAP).Methods The clinical data of 76 patients with CAP who were treated in the Department of Biliopancreatic Surgery of the Xiangya Hospital,Central South University from January 2010 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.Data which included demographics,micro-organisms,surgical interventions and mortality were compared between the time periods of 2010 to 2013 and 2014 to 2017.Results Before 2014,19 patients with CAP were treated in the Department of Biliopancreatic Surgery of the Xiangya Hospital,Central South University.The percentage of multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) in pancreatic drainage was 5.3％ (1/19).In the latter 4 years,57 patients with CAP were treated.The percentage of MDRO was 50.9％ (29/57),which was significandy higher than the initial 4 years (P＜0.001).For surgical treatment,the proportion of minimally invasive surgery in the latter 4 years was significantly higher than that in the initial 4 years.The percentage of percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) increased from 63.2％ in the initial 4 years to 86.0％ in the latter 4 years.The proportion of minimal access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy (MARPN) increased from zero in the initial 4 years to 59.6％,while the proportion of open pancreatic necrosectomy (OPN) decreased from 68.4％ in the initial 4 years to 24.6％.The mortality rate of patients with CAP dropped from 52.6％ (10/19) in the initial 4 years to 24.6％ (14/57) in the latter four years.Conclusions In the center which specializes in treating pancreatitis,although the problem of bacterial resistance had become increasingly prominent,the mortality rate of CAP had shown a significant downward trend due to the development of various minimally invasive techniques.

Objective To explore the characteristics of contrast-enhanced ultrasonagraphy(CEUS) of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma ( SHC ) . Methods Fifteen lesions identified pathologically from 15 patients were included in this study . Among them ,9 lesions had completely sarcomatoid change and 6 lesions had partially sarcomatoid change . Totally 8 lesions were in the small size group with maximum diameter＜ 50 mm and 7 lesions in the big size group with maximum diameter ≥ 50 mm . The CEUS performance was observed and analyzed . Results In the arterial phase of CEUS ,9 lesions in the group with completely sarcomatoid change showed rim hyperenhancement and 6 lesions in the group with partially sarcomatoid change showed whole hyperenhancement , the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0 .001 ) . However ,the difference of CEUS performance between small size group and big size group was not statistically significant ( P ＝ 0 .608 ) , all the lesions showed hypoechogenecity in portal and(or) late phase of CEUS . Conclusions The difference of performance on CEUS is not related to the size of SHC ,but to the degree of sarcomatoid change within the tumor . SHC with completely sarcomatoid change shows rim hyperenhancement and SHC with partially sarcomatoid change shows entire hyperenhancement in arterial phase on CEUS .

In the present study we explored the different patterns of volumetric atrophy in hippocampal subregions of patients with left and right mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS). Meanwhile, the memory impairment patterns in Chinese-speaking TLE-HS patients and potential influencing factors were also determined. TLE-HS patients (21 left and 17 right) and 21 healthy controls were recruited to complete T2-weighted imaging and verbal/nonverbal memory assessment. The results showed that both left and right TLE-HS patients had overall reduced hippocampal subregion volumes on the sclerotic side, and cornu ammonis sectors (CA1) exhibited maximum atrophy. The verbal memory of left TLE-HS patients was significantly impaired (P < 0.001) and was not associated with the volumes of the left hippocampal subregions. Verbal or nonverbal memory impairment was not found in the patients with right TLE-HS. These results suggested that the atrophy of hippocampal subregion volumes cannot account for the verbal memory impairment, which might be related to the functional network.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Atrophy ; pathology ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; complications ; pathology ; Female ; Functional Laterality ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Memory Disorders ; etiology ; pathology ; Sclerosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the appropriate operative strategy in recurrent groin hernia repair.

METHODSClinical and follow-up data of 82 patients with recurrent groin hernia undergoing operation at Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from April 2010 to April 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The operative approaches included laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) hernia repair, Lichtenstein repair and hybrid repair. Surgical method selection was based on the basis of European Hernia Society guidelines, combined with hernia histories, preoperative examination results and intra-operative results: (1) When an anterior approach (Lichtenstein, Bassini or Shouldice surgery) was adopted in the previous operation, TAPP was preferred for the recurrent groin hernia. (2) When the previous operation was an posterior approach [TAPP or total extraperitoneal hernioplasty (TEP)], Lichtenstein method was preferred. Moreover, Lichtenstein surgery with local anesthesia or nerve block was also selected when the patient could not tolerate general anesthesia. (3) When extensive preperitoneal adhesions were found in patients with previous anterior approach repair during laparoscopic exploration, especially in patients who had relapsed after multiple operations or had previous biochemical glues injection, hybrid surgery was preferred.

RESULTSAll 82 patients completed operations smoothly. TAPP, Lichtenstein and hybrid operation were applied in 74, 4 and 4 patients, respectively, with median operative time of 70 minutes (40-130 minutes) in TAPP, 60 minutes (40-90 minutes) in Lichtenstein and 120 minutes (70-150 minutes) in hybrid operation, respectively. The median numerical rating scales (NRS) score was 2 (0-6) on postoperative day 1. The incidences of postoperative seroma, pain and urinary retention were 4.9% (4/82), 2.4% (2/82) and 1.2% (1/82) respectively. The median postoperative hospital stay was 2 days (1-6 days). Seventy-two patients were followed-up from 11 to 87 months. The median follow-up period was 27 months. The median inguinal pain questionnaire (IPQ) score was 2 (0-8) month after operation. One recurrent case was reported 1 year after operation. No incision or mesh infection and long-term inguinal chronic pain were observed.

CONCLUSIONSFor recurrent patients with previous open anterior approach, TEP and TAPP repair are equivalent surgical techniques, and the choice should be tailored to the surgeon's expertise. For those with previous TAPP or TEP repair, Lichtenstein technique is recommended. For those with adhesions both in anterior transverse fascia and pre-peritoneum, hybrid operation may be the preferable choice according to adhesion conditions.

Groin ; Hernia, Inguinal ; surgery ; Herniorrhaphy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Mesh ; Treatment Outcome