0.05);the difference on d3 with that on d9 was significant(P0.05);the difference on d3 with that on d7 and d9 was significant(P

Objective: To investigate the effects of micronutrient supplementation for the elderly on plasma homocysteine level and cognitive function in institutional older adults. Methods: A total of 98 older adults with the score≤11 by mini nutritional assessment short-form aged 65-100 years were enrolled and assigned to either intervention group or control group (n=49 each), with either a package of micronutrient pack or placebo daily, for three months. Fasting blood samples were collected both at baseline and the end of study to detect serum vitamin B₁₂, folate and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations. Global cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). The paired t test was used to compare the continuous variables between the two groups after intervention. The relationship between changes in MMSE score and changes in plasma Hcy concentrations was examined by least-squares linear regression. Results: Eighty-two patients completed the study, and 17 patients withdrew from the study due to diarrhea and hospital discharge with the drop rate of 17.3%. Compared to the control group, concentrations of serum vitamin B₁₂ (128.8±34.8 vs 13.3±16.0 pmol/L, P=0.003) and folate (21.1±1.6 vs 0.6±0.5 nmol/L, P<0.01) significantly increased in the intervention group over 3-month supplementation, while plasma Hcy levels were remarkably reduced (-5.3±0.7 vs 1.7±0.3 μmol/L, P<0.01). The incidences of deficiency of folate, deficiency of serum vitamin B₁₂and high Hcy all decreased in intervention group. Although individual item scores in MMSE were not changed markedly, change of total MMSE score in intervention group were higher than that in the control group (1.2±3.0 vs -0.2±2.5, P<0.05). Conclusions The supplementation of the micronutrient pack in long-term care facilities can reduce the incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia, and improve the total MMSE score.

Objective To scale the frequencise of medical X-ray diagnosis based on the survey conducted in 58 hospitals to the all hospitals in Henan province,in order to make them available for providing the basis for reasonable application of diagnostic radiology.Methods Stratified sampling method was used to select medical institutions at different levels in 6 cities in the province as sample hospitals.The information of examined patients on sex,age,diagnostic type and exposure category were gathered and the results were analyzed.Results The sex ratio of male and female examined patients was close to 1∶1.The largest proportion,60.47％,of examined patients was from the age group of above 40 years old among the three age groups.Medical diagnositc medical X-ray examinations mainly include conventional X-ray photography and CT examination,accounting for 52.15％ and 40.31％,respectively.Chest examination contributed the largest propotions,23.84％,of conventional diagnositic X-ray examination and,13.25％,of CT examination respectively.CT examinations were mainly concentrated in the secondary and tertiary hospitals,accounting for 21.54％ and 72.99％ of the total CT examinations,respectively.Contrast examination,mammography and extracorporeal lithotripsy were concentrated in the tertiary hospitals,accounting for 77.82％,95.01％ and 100％ of the same type of examinations,respectively.Conventional photographic examinations were mainly conducted in primary hospitals,accounting for 74.56％ of all types of examinations in the primary hospitals.By using multiple linear regression model,the diagnostic examination frequency in 2016 was estimated to be 826 examinations per 1 000 population,of which the frequency of dianostic X-ray examination and CT examination were 541 per 1 000 and 285 per 1 000,respectively.Conclusions The frequency of diagnostic radiology in Henan has increased rapidly in recent years.All types of diagnostic radiology equipment are unevenly distributed in hospitals at different levels which posed a challenge for health care.Relevant departments should make efforts to reallocation of diagnostic radiology equipment in such hospitals and make utilization of health resources more reasonable.

Objective:To translate the health literate healthcare organization 10 item questionnaire(HLHO-10) into Chinese and examine its reliability and validity.Methods:The Chinese version of HLHO-10 questionnaire(HLHO-10-C) was developed by following the Brislin translation model of translation, back translation, cultural adaptation and questionnaire epistemological survey.Five experts and 1 071 medical staff from 24 healthcare organizations in Zhejiang province were selected to conduct the validity and reliability test of the HLHO-10-C.Results:The content validity indices at the item level and total questionnaire level of HLHO-10-C were from 0.8 to 1.0 and 0.96 respectively, and the results of the exploratory factor analysis showed good structural validity.Conclusions:HLHO-10-C proves adequate reliability and validity to serve as a tool for healthcare organizations in evaluating and becoming HLHO. It can also help the implementation of the Healthy China Initiative(2019—2030), which is a performance assessment mechanism for health education and promotion of healthcare providers and health care organizations.

ObjectiveTo discuss the efficacy of Williams Life Skills Training （WLST） in depressive adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI）. MethodsA total of 88 depressive adolescents with NSSI hospitalized in Suzhou Guangji Hospital from January to June 2019 were selected and grouped according to admission order. The corresponding random number was even in intervention group （n=44） and odd as control group （n=44）. Both groups received a 4-week routine depression care， based on this， intervention group received WLST. All selected individuals were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）， General Self-Efficacy Scale （GSES） and adolescent student life satisfaction scale at the baseline and end of treatment. Then the incidence of NSSI behavior during hospitalization and the reduction rate of HAMD-17 score at discharge were compared between the two groups. ResultsThe incidence rate of NSSI behavior during hospitalization showed significant difference between groups （χ²=11.702， P=0.001）. HAMD-17， GSES and satisfaction scores at discharge were significantly different from those at admission （t_{control group}=-5.256， 10.690， -21.220； t_{intervention group}=-12.540， 11.300， -32.840， P<0.01）. HAMD-17， GSES， satisfaction scores and the reduction rate of HAMD-17 score also showed significant differences between groups （t=0.851， -12.809， -4.883， χ²=75.990， P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionApplication of WLST in depressive adolescents with NSSI may reduce the incidence rate of NSSI behavior， alleviate the degree of depression， enhance the sense of self-efficacy， and improve life satisfaction.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal disease with painful clinical manifestations and high risks of cancerization. With no curative therapy for IBD at present, the development of effective therapeutics is highly advocated. Drug delivery systems have been extensively studied to transmit therapeutics to inflamed colon sites through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect caused by the inflammation. However, the drug still could not achieve effective concentration value that merely utilized on EPR effect and display better therapeutic efficacy in the inflamed region because of nontargeted drug release. Substantial researches have shown that some specific receptors and cell adhesion molecules highly expresses on the surface of colonic endothelial and/or immune cells when IBD occurs, ligand-modified drug delivery systems targeting such receptors and cell adhesion molecules can specifically deliver drug into inflamed sites and obtain great curative effects. This review introduces the overexpressed receptors and cell adhesion molecules in inflamed colon sites and retrospects the drug delivery systems functionalized by related ligands. Finally, challenges and future directions in this field are presented to advance the development of the receptor-mediated targeted drug delivery systems for the therapy of IBD.