AIM:To construct hybrid nucleic acid vaccines which contain Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1 ) block 1 7gene and gene fragment coding for several T cell epitopes. METHODS:MSP1 block 1 7gene of FUP strain was connected with a polyvalent gene fragment which contains several T cell epitopes from MSA1 ,MSA2 ,RESA,IL- 1 and Tetanus toxin,the connected gene fragment (hybrid gene,HG) was cloned into eukaryotic expression plasmid p CDNA3.1 (- ) ,VR1 0 1 2 for intracellular expression,VR1 0 1 2 /TPA for secretion,the recombinants were identified by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. RE- SUL TS &CONCLUSION:The hybrid nucieic acid vaccines:VR1 0 1 2 /HG,VR1 0 1 2 /TPA/ HG and p CDNA3.1 /HG were successfully constructed.

Objective To investigate radiation risk perception and nuclear acceptance after the 60Co stuck source incident in June 2009 in Qixian County,Henan Province.Methods From March to April 2010,23 hamlets and 2 schools from 5 towns in Qixian County were selected,while 3 hamlets and 2 schools from 3 towns were used as control in Huixian County,1 35 km away where no any impact of the incident was found.Face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among three groups including mass public,elite public(representatives of public opinion,such as physicians,teachers,govemmental officials,administrative personnel,private entrepreneurs),and middie school students(the third grade students in junior middle schools and the first grade students in senior middle schools).Results A total of 1 340 valid questionnaires were collected.The public knowledge levels about radiation and nuclear power were low among all groups in two areas and public knowledge levels in Qixian County were higher than those in Huixian County.In both areas.the knowledge levels of the students were higher tIIan those among the elite public,and that among the general public were the lowest.The knowledge levels of males and those with higher educational levels were higher than those of females and those with lower educational levels.More than 40.0% of the respondents supported the idea to build nuclear power plants in China.but only a small part of them supported to build nuclear power plants in their own areas.The percentages of opponents against local nuclear power plant construction were especially higher among the students and those with higher educational levels.More than 60% of the mass public and elite public believed the explanation of the government.More than 80% of the respondents held negative attitudes towards the performance of the Qixian County Government in dealing with this incident.The student gave the lowest evaluation of the credibility and the specific performance of the local government,whereas the elite public placed themselves between the students and the mass public.The reasons why the local people left their homes to evade risk included rumors(67.2%),lack of radiation knowledge(61.9%),group psychology(59.2%),and failure of the government to inform the truth to the public in time(42.3%).Conclusions The public still fails to know enough about radiation and nuclear power.Although they trust the government,they are dissatisfied with the performance of the local government in dealing with the incident.The negative evaluation of the students is worth concerning.

Objective:To observe the effect of Buzhongyiqi Decoction on the expression of transforming growth factor β-3(TGFβ-3)and microRNA-30d(miR-30d)in uterosacral ligament tissues in a rat model of pelvic organ prolapse.Methods:According to the number lottery, 16 rats in the blank control group were divided into 2 groups: the A1 group(feeding 4 weeks, n=8)and the A2 group(undergoing the ovariotomy with normal saline gavage for 8 weeks, n=8). The 64 rat models of pelvic organ prolapse were randomly divided into 8 groups(8 rats in each group): the B1 group(feeding 4 weeks), the B2 group(given normal saline via gavage for 8 weeks), the C1 and C2 groups(given Buzhongyiqi Decoction via gavage, 3.5 ml·kg -1·d -1, for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively), the D1 and D2 group(given Buzhongyiqi Decoction via gavage, 7.0 ml·kg -1·d -1, for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively), the E1 and E2 group(given Buzhongyiqi Decoction via gavage, 14.0 ml·kg -1·d -1, for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of collagen COL1A1, COL3A1, TGF β-3 and miR-30d in uterosacral ligament tissues. Results:Compared with A1 group, the B1 group showed that the expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1 was decreased and the expression of TGFβ-3 and miR-30d was increased( P<0.01). After 4 weeks treament of Buzhongyiqi Decoction, the expression of COL1A1 was higher in E1 group than in C1 group ( P<0.01), The expression of COL3A1 in group D1 was singificantly higher than that in group C1, The expression of COL3A1 in group E1 was also singificantly higher than that in group D1 .The expression of TGF β-3 was higher in the D1 and E1 groups than in the C1 group( P<0.01). The expression of miR-30d was lower in the D1 and E1 groups than in the C1 group( P<0.01). After 8 weeks of Buzhongyiqi Decoction treatment, the expression of COL1A1 was higher in the D2 group than in the C2 group( P<0.01), while was lower in the E2 group than in the D2 group( P<0.01). The expression of COL3A1 and TGFβ-3 was higher in the D2 group than in the C2 group( P<0.01)and the expression of TGFβ-3 was lower in the E2 group than in the D2 group( P<0.01). The expression of miR-30d was lower in the D2 group than in the C2 group( P<0.01)and was higher in the E2 group than in the D2 group( P<0.01). Compared with the B1 group, the expression of COL1A1, COL3A1 and TGF β-3 was increased in the D1 and E1 groups( P<0.01), the expression of miR-30d was decreased in the C1, D1 and E1 groups( P<0.01). Compared with the B2 group, the expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1 was increased in the D2 and E2 groups, the expression of TGF β-3 was increased and the expression of miR-30d was decreased in the C2, D2 and E2 groups( P<0.01). Conclusions:Buzhongyiqi Decoction can increase the synthesis of collagen COL1A1 and COL3A1 in uterosacral ligament tissues of rats with pelvic organ prolapse, which may be related to the up-regulation of TGF β-3 expression and the down-regulation of miR-30d expression in rat uterosacral ligament tissues.

Chemotherapy outcomes for the treatment of glioma remains unsatisfactory due to the inefficient drug transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and insufficient drug accumulation in the tumor region. Although many approaches, including various nanosystems, have been developed to promote the distribution of chemotherapeutics in the brain tumor, the delivery efficiency and the possible damage to the normal brain function still greatly restrict the clinical application of the nanocarriers. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to discover more safe and effective BBB penetration and glioma-targeting strategies. In the present study, menthol, one of the strongest BBB penetration enhancers screened from traditional Chinese medicine, was conjugated to casein, a natural food protein with brain targeting capability. Then the conjugate self-assembled into the nanoparticles to load anti-cancer drugs. The nanoparticles were characterized to have appropriate size, spheroid shape and high loading drug capacity. Tumor spheroid penetration experiments demonstrated that penetration ability of menthol-modified casein nanoparticles (M-CA-NP) into the tumor were much deeper than that of unmodified nanoparticles. imaging further verified that M-CA-NPs exhibited higher brain tumor distribution than unmodified nanoparticles. The median survival time of glioma-bearing mice treated with HCPT-M-CA-NPs was significantly prolonged than those treated with free HCPT or HCPT-CA-NPs. HE staining of the organs indicated the safety of the nanoparticles. Therefore, the study combined the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine strategy with modern delivery technology for brain targeting, and provide a safe and effective approach for glioma therapy.

Exploiting cells as vehicles combined with nanoparticles combined with therapy has attracted increasing attention in the world recently. Red blood cells, leukocytes and stem cells have been used for tumor immunotherapy, tissue regeneration and inflammatory disorders, and it is known that neutrophils can accumulate in brain lesions in many brain diseases including depression. -Acetyl Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) peptide shows high specific binding affinity to neutrophils through the CXCR2 receptor. In this study, PGP was used to modify baicalein-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (PGP-SLNs) to facilitate binding to neutrophils . Brain-targeted delivery to the basolateral amygdala (BLA) was demonstrated by enhanced concentration of baicalein in the BLA. An enhanced anti-depressant effect was observed and The mechanism involved inhibition of apoptosis and a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase release. Behavioral evaluation carried out with rats demonstrated that anti-depression outcomes were achieved. The results indicate that PGP-SLNs decrease immobility time, increase swimming time and climbing time and attenuate locomotion in olfactory-bulbectomized (OB) rats. In conclusion, PGP modification is a strategy for targeting the brain with a cell-nanoparticle delivery system for depression therapy.