The rather serious compliation of vertebroplasty is caused by bone cement leakage into adjacent structure but recent research suggests that even without cement leakage during vertebroplasty,patients could also experience with cardiovascular changes sometimes. Cytotoxicity of bone cement,nervous reflex,fat embolism and alteration of intravertebral pressure may be responsible for these changes. (J Intervent Radiol,2006,15: 377-381)

With the advent of continuous development of radiofrequency ablation(RFA), this technique has been increasingly used in the treatment of renal cell carcinomas during recent years, with a significant therapeutic effect clinically. RFA is characteristic with the advantages of safety, convenience, minimal invasion, less complications and suffering. The improvement of the electrode needle, the radiofrequency techniques and the combination of other treatments are the key of the development of RFA in the near future. And more reasonable criteria for evaluating the therapeutic effects including imaging techniques are also needed to be set up.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of vertebral body venography in performance of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP). Methods 92 patients with 124 vertebraes underwent PVP. Before injecting the bone cement, venography was performed with injection of nonionic contrast material into vertebral body. 124 vertebraes were classified into four groups according to the results of vebgrophy. Group A: no draining veins displayed; group B: draining veins appeared late; group C: draining veins appeared ahead of time; group D: draining veins appeared ahead of time, then intervention such as adjusting the puncture needle's position or gelatin sponge embolization of vein was performed to delay the appearance of veins. Results 94 of 124 vertebraes displayed draining veins. According to the results of vebgrophy, there're 30 vertebraes in group A, 25 in group B, 30 in group C, 39 in group D. Thirty-seven vertebraes demonstrated cement extravasation, cement entering vein was observed in sixteen vertebraes and two patients among them had pulmonary embolism. Venograms showed all correlative venous extravasation. Bone cement extravasation rate of each groups was 20.0%, 24.0%, 56.7% and 20.5% respectively. Moreover, extravasation rate of group C was higher than any other group. Pain reduction was observed in 88 of 92 patients after 30 days of the operation, the rate of pain relief was 95.7%. Conclusion Vertebral body venography could describe the velocity of venous blood flow within vertebral body and predict the direction of bone cement leaking to veins effectively, which could provid valuable information in takeing some measures to prevent bone cement leaking into veins. Vertebral body venography has very impotant clinical value in improving the safety and preventing complication of PVP.

Objective To explose the experimental basis of microchemoembolism therapy on colon carcinoma. Methods 12 dogs were randomly divided into two groups. Performing inferior mesenteric arterial and portal vein catheterization. Simple contrast medium and the contrast medium mixed with CH 44 (?10～20?m) for the angiograms were analysed under DSA. The concentration of 5 Fu in the protal vein were measured with Liquid Chromatography and in recorded diagramatic curve. The half life times of 5 Fu after simple arterial infusion chemotherapy or after microchemoembolism therapy were calculated and analyzed with t test(in Microsoft Excel 97). 5 minutes and 3 hours after the microchemoembolism therapy, embolized colonic segment were taken and observed under optic and transmission electron microscopy. Two weeks later, autopsy was performed. Results The opacificotion time of simple contrast medium after injection was 6.25?1.50 seconds. The arteries looked smooth. The vessels oppeared to show spasm and tortuous after perfusion of the same amount of contrast medium mixed with CH 44 particles associated with narrowing of te bronches the opacification time was 930?192 seconds, which was conspicuously dramatically different from the simple contrast medium. In the simple contrast medium group, the initial concentration of 5 Fu in the portal vein was rather high, then it attenuated rapidly. The mean half life time was 12.36?5.25 min. In the microchemoembolism therapy group, the initial concentration of 5 Fu was relatively lower. After injection, it increased for a little while and then decreased slowly. The mean half life time was 47.37?14.02 min, which was conspicuously different from that of the simple contrast medium group( P

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a special time for a person to develop mature sexuality and manifest psychological response, mental experience and sexual behaviour meanwhile. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mental health status of girl students during psychosexual development period in order to provide scientific basis for sexual education.DESIGN: Analytical study.SETTING: Mental health centre of a university.PARTICIPANTS: This study was conducted in the Mental Health Centre of Shantou University from September 2002 to January 2003. Totally 130 girl students of university(40), senior high school(47) and junior high school(43)were selected by cluster sampling to conduct questionnaire investigation.METHODS: Self-administrated questionnaire was used to investigate 130girl students.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sexual development and mental health status, opinion to sexual behaviour and sexual morality.RESULTS: Thirty girls(23.1% ) were at a loss and have negative response to the secondary sexual characters while 99 girls had masturbatory experience(76. 2% ), 46 had incorrect attitude towards masturbation(35.4% ), 14had unusual relationship with males(10. 1% ) and 21 once had experienced sexual harassment (16.2%).CONCLUSION: It is necessary to conduct sexual health eduction to students in order to reduce the negative mental response caused by sexual development as well as sexual morality education focusing on virginity. The sexual harassment to girls also should be paid attention.

Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous injection of the fibrin glue bv double needle technique to treat sacral cyst.Methods Clinical data of 20 cases with double-needle injection of fibrin glue technology to treat sacral cyst were retrospectively analyzed.All patients had varying degrees of sacral nerve root compression symptoms.The treatment for sacral cyst was carried out after clear diagnosis was made.On the basis of CT-guided percutaneous injection of fibrin glue,the improved CT-guided percutaneous injection of fibrin glue by double-needle technique was used to treat these patients.The average dose of fibrin glue was(5.9 ± 2.4)ml.The clinical results of improvement as to pain and neurological function were evaluated after follow-up of an average of 17 months.The assessment criteria were as follows:excellent,complete resolution of signs and symptoms,with the patient returning to his or her regular employment and no recurrence of cysts during 1 year of follow-up,good,symptoms and signs in the legs and perineal region resolved but with persistent pain in the lumbosacral region,which did not interfere with the patient' s regular work (the cysts did not recur for 6 months during follow-up),fair,no improvement in clinical symptoms,but a decrease in cyst size on the imaging study,poor,no improvement in clinical symptoms and no observed changes in cyst size in imaging studies or recurrence.Results Most patients experienced some degree of pain relief and functional improvement after fibrin glue therapy,with most experiencing complete or marked resolution of clinical symptoms.Nine patients reported excellent recovery,8 reported good recovery,2 reported fair recovery,and 1 reported poor recovery.The overall percentage of positive outcomes (excellent and good recovery) was 85％.No serious postoperative complications were discovered.Conclusions CT guided percutaneous injection of the fibrin glue bydouble needle technique to treat sacral cyst is an ideal method.Double needle technique is simple,safe and reliable.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular embolization in treating ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid. Methods During the period from July 2008 to August 2013, a total of 23 patients with ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid were admitted to authors’ hospital to receive endovascular embolization. According to Hunt-Hess classification, grade I lesion was seen in 11 cases, grade Ⅱ in 10 cases and grade Ⅲ in 2 cases. The aneurysm diameter ranged from 2.2 mm to 19.9 mm, with a mean diameter of 5.7 mm. After the treatment follow-up examinations with DSA, MRA and modified Rankin scale were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic results. Results A total of 27 ophthalmic segment aneurysms were detected in 23 patients. Endovascular embolization was performed with guglielmi detachable coils (n = 15) or solitaire AB stent-assisted coil (n = 12). The therapeutic results immediately after the embolization were graded by Raymond classification. Complete obliteration (Grade I) was obtained in 22 aneurysms, residual neck (grade Ⅱ) in 4 aneurysms and residual aneurysm (grade Ⅲ) in one aneurysm. Procedure-related complications occurred in 3 patients, including thrombosis in the aneurysm neck (n=1), tail of the coil protruding into the stent (n=1) and transient blindness (n=1). Eighteen patients were followed up for 2 - 62 months. Follow- up examinations with angiography showed that complete embolization of the aneurysm was obtained in 15 cases (84%) and subtotal embolization of the aneurysm was seen in 3 cases (16%). In one patient who had bilateral aneurysms, the aneurysm on the untreated side was enlarged with increasing time. During the follow-up period, 18 patients had a modified Rankin score of 0 -1, and all these patients had stable clinical condition with no newly-developed neurological dysfunction or re-bleeding. Conclusion For the treatment of ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid, endovascular embolization is minimally-invasive, safe and effective, although its long-term effect and safety need to be further studied.

Two pairs of primers specific to small subunit ribosomal DNA of Plasmodium falciparum were designed and the expected SSUrDNA fragment was amplified for detecting P.falciparum infection with double-ternperature-nested polymerase chain reaction using DNA prepared by boiling method. The results showed that the nested PCR could amplify a constant size of desired SSUrDNA fragment of P. falciparum which was further confirmed by digestion of restrlction endonuclease and could detect parasitemia level of 0. 8 ? 10-6. It has great potentials for identifying Plasmodium species in ring form of erythrocytic stage and detecting mixed Plasmodium infections. Therefore, it is suggested that this method is sensitive, accurate, simple and rapid in detecting Plasmodium falciparum in blood samples for malaria diagnosis.

0.05), while the strength and stiffness were significantly different (P

Objective To study whether the leakage of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) can lead to pulmonary embolism in vertebroplasty (VP), and to observe the correlation of embolism degree with the doses of PMMA. Methods Fifteen canines were randomly divided into 3 groups: group A, B, C, and were injected 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ml PMMA into the femoral veins, respectively. Before and after the injection, chest CT and angiography of pulmonary artery were performed, the pressure of pulmonary artery was measured, and the blood gas analysis of femoral artery was done. At last, the canines were euthanized and examined and histologically after HE-stained. Results In group C, the pressure of O_2 decreased obviously, and significant difference was found between before and 10 min after injection (P<0.05). The pressure of CO_2 increased quickly in group C, significant difference was detected between before and 1 min after injection (P<0.05). Pressure of pulmonary artery in both group B and C were significantly different between before and after injection (P<0.05). Conclusion The leakage of PMMA can lead to pulmonary embolism. The degree of pulmonary embolism is correlated to the doses of PMMA. The large dose of bone cement leakage can lead to disorder of respiratory function.