BACKGROUND: Hippocampus is an important region involved in learning and memory. Some methods for freshly isolated hippocampal pyramidal neurons have been described. These methods need multiple enzymes or the procedure is complex.OBJECTIVE: To acquire large quantities of hippocampal neurons from rats suitable for patch clamp study.DESIGN: An animal experimental observation.SETTING: Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Medical Experimental Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University between March and October 2004. The animals were the 10-15-day-old SpragueDawley rats, bothmale and female.METHODS: Hippocampal pyramidal neurons were freshly isolated. Delayed rectifier potassium current and voltage-gated Ca2 + currents were recorded by whole-cell patch clamp configuration.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Acute isolated neurons were observed with a Leica microscope. Recordings of delayed rectifier potassium currents and voltage-gated Ca2+ currents were obtained.RESULTS: ① Under the inverted microscope, the acute isolated neurons had a smooth and glassy surface, a three-dimensional contour, a pyramidal shape with a longer apical dendrite and several basal dendrites. ② After the whole cell recording configuration was formed, voltage-gated barium currents through calcium channels were elicited by 200 ms depolarizing potential from -70 mV to +20 mV, with an increment of 10 mV, a holding potential was -90 mV. Delayed rectifier potassium current (Ikd) was elicited by a protocol consisting of a multiple depolarizing pulses (-60 mV to +50 mV),preceded by a single prepulse step to -50 rmV, with inactivated transient outward potassium currents from a holding potential of -80 mV.CONCLUSION: This method is simple and ideal for the dissociation of neurons from rat hippocampus, and offers a powerful tool for functional analysis of ion channels by patch clamp.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical characteristics and pathological changes of tissue surrounding prosthesis after hip and knee arthroplasty.

METHODSA total of 67 patients receiving hip and knee arthroplasty were included in the study and pathological changes of the revision specimens were evaluated by microscopic examination.

RESULTSOf 67 patients, there were 25 males and 42 females (ratio of 0.6) with a mean age of 64 years. There were 42 cases of revision hip prosthesis and 25 cases of knee prosthesis. The primary causes for the revision varied, including 20 cases of infection (29.9%, within 3 months in 9 cases,3 to 24 months in 3 cases and over 24 months in 8 cases), 14 cases of pain (20.9%), 13 cases of loosening of the prosthesis (19:4%), 9 cases of joint stiffness (13.4%), 8 cases of prosthetic dislocation (11.9%), and 3 cases of prosthesis fracture (4.5%). Pathological findings in the tissue surrounding the prostheses included debris reaction, histiocytes, acute inflammatory, chronic non-specific inflammation, pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), "pseudomembranous", calcification, necrosis, sequestrum, etc. These histological changes were frequently admixed.

CONCLUSIONSVarious reasons may lead to hip and knee revision arthroplasty. The main pathological findings include infection, debris granulomas, chronic non-specific inflammatory changes, PVNS. The surgical pathology of the prosthesis provids guidances for clinical treatment and basic research.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Female ; Hip Joint ; pathology ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; pathology ; Knee Prosthesis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reoperation ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; pathology

Objective:To observe the effect of Yiqiyangyin Decoction( YQYY) on bleomycin-induced rats pulmonary fibrosis and the expression of Smad2 and Smad7.Methods:Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,YQYY group,hormone group,YQYY plus hormone group.The rats in the normal group injected saline via the trachea,the rest rats injected ble-omycin(5 mg/kg).From the second day of injection,YQYY group were treated with YQYY decoction(1 ml/100 g);hormone group were given 35%Prednisone acetate solution(1 ml/100 g);YQYY plus hormone group were treated with the mixture of YQYY decoction and hormone (1 ml/100 g);normal group and model group were given equivalent saline.After twenty-eight days,all the rats were killed,the rat lung histopathology was examined with HE staining and detect Smad2/Smad7 protein with immunohistochemical staining.Results:Compared with normal group, the model group rats alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis scores were significantly increased;compared with model group,the hormone group,YQYY group,YQYY plus hormone group rats alveolitis and lung fibrosis scores were reduced,and the lung injury of YQYY group reduced obviously.The expression of Smad2 protein of model group in alveolar epithelial cells and the fibroblasts was significantly higher than normal group;compared with model group,the positive expression of Smad2 in hormone group,YQYY group,YQYY plus hormone group were reduced,the Smad2 of YQYY group was the lowest.Compared with normal group,the smad7 protein of model group decreased significantly;compared with model group,Smad7 protein expression in hormone group, YQYY group, YQYY plus hormone group were increased, the Smad7 expression of YQYY group was highest.Conclusion:Yiqiyangyin decoction has a good intervention and therapeutic effect on bleomycin-induced rats pulmonary fibrosis,its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the inflammatory reaction,reduce the formation and deposition of collagen and the intervention of Smad signal pathway.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of the paper is to examine the relationship among Career Decision-Making Self Efficacy, existential anxiety and anxiety in the sample of college students during the professional choice.

METHODSData on The Revised Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy-Shot Form, Existential Anxiety Scale (EAS), SCL-90 and self-identity status were collected and analyzed on a sample of 500 college students.

RESULTS201 rural students' career decision making self-efficacy scores were as follows: self-appraisal (12.58 ± 3.48), occupational information (12.07 ± 3.05), goal selection (12.48 ± 3.51), planning (12.17 ± 3.10), problem solving (9.75 ± 2.38), all scores were lower than urban students, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Rural Students' anxiety dimension score were as follows: death and the fate of anxiety (14.75 ± 2.56), the meaningless and empty anxiety (19.32 ± 2.88), condemnation and guilt anxiety (13.72 ± 2.38), alienation and loneliness anxiety (16.82 ± 2.51), all scores are higher than urban students, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). There is negative correlation between Anxiety and career decision making self-efficacy. There is a significant positive correlation between anxiety and existential anxiety. There exists a significant negative correlation among factors of student and career decision making self-efficacy and anxiety. Meaningless and emptiness anxiety on career decision making self-efficacy are significant predictors.

CONCLUSIONThere is negative correlation among existential anxiety, occupational information and anxiety during the professional choice.

Adult ; Anxiety ; psychology ; Career Choice ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Self Efficacy ; Students ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This paper introduces double ultrasound pulse transmitting and receiving circuits used in ultrasound thermometry. Using the circuits, double ultrasound pulses could be made synchronously to satisfy the requirements of ultrasound thermometry, and the weak ultrasound echo signals are received successfully. The crux experiment waveform offered shows that the circuits have high reliability.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; instrumentation ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Pulse ; Temperature ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To analyze the treatment outcome and related influencing factors of Tibet- an nationality new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Qinghai Province，so as to provide evidence for tuberculosis control and treatment among Tibetan population． Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on 5 564 Tibetan nationality new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Qinghai province who were reported in the China Tuberculosis Information Management System and approved to receive treatment from 2008 to 2017． The main influencing factors were detected by unconditional Logistic regression model analysis，dependent variable was successful treatment or not，independent variables were other factors related to the treatment outcome． Ｒesults The treatment success rate of Tibetan nationality new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases was 87. 1% ( 4 848 /5 564) ，and the adverse outcome rate was 12. 9% ( 716 /5 564) ． Unconditional Logistic regression model analysis indicated that non-full- course supervision management，living in agricultural and pastoral area，having severe disease，floating population，and age older than 60 years were risk factors of adverse outcome． The odds ratio( OＲ) 95% confidence interval( CI) of the above risk factors were 13. 044( 10. 671-15. 944) ，2. 305( 1. 703-3. 119) ， 2. 090( 1. 346-3. 243) ，1. 967( 1. 443-2. 682) ，and 1. 909( 1. 410-2. 586) ． Clinical consultation，farmers and herdsmen were protective factors． The OＲ( 95% CI) were 0. 451( 0. 375-0. 543) ，and 0. 786( 0. 627- 0. 985) ． Conclusions Treatment success rate of Tibetan nationality new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases was low． Therefore，the directly observed treatment short-course ( DOTS) strategy should be strictly implemented and the full-course supervision management should be strengthened to improve the treatment success rate． More attention should be paid to the elderly，severe，floating，agricultural and pastoral populations among the Tibetan population．

OBJECTIVE: To set up a prostate cancer cell line in which beta-catenin expression is stably suppressed and to investigate the role of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in prostate tumorgenesis. METHODS: We select 3 sites in the complete coden sequence region of beta-catenin gene as the RNAi targets, ligated the annealed double pre-DNA strands into the retroviral vectors pSUPER-retro and transfected them into the packaging cells PA317, and then collected supernatant with retrovirus to infect DU145. After selection by puromycin and culture expansion, the stable cell clones were attained. Expression of the 2 target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway cyclinD1 and c-myc, was detected in the beta-catenin RNAi cells by Western blot. The effect of suppressing beta-catenin by RNAi on cell proliferation was quantified by methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) assay. RESULTS: Western blotting and RT-PCR showed that the expression level of beta-catenin in the 2 stable cell clones apparently decreased. CyclinD1 and c-myc expression decreased in the beta-catenin RNAi cells. MTT showed that the cell number of beta-catenin expression suppression cell clones decreased significantly (P < 0. 05), suggesting the cell proliferation was prevented. CONCLUSION The beta-catenin gene stable suppression cell line was successfully established.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Retroviridae ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; beta Catenin ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVEBased on proteomics technology, Pi-yang deficiency syndrome (PYDS) correlated differential proteins were screened, thus providing powerful experiment reliance for exploring the essence of PYDS.

METHODSTotally 36 SD rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into the normal control group (n = 16) and the PYDS group (n = 20). The PYDS model rats were induced by improper diet, overstrain, and administration of yang impairing bitter cold herbs. The total proteins of the ileum were separated and extracted from rats in the PYDS group and the normal control group. The differential protein dots were identified using Delyder 2D 6.5 image analysis software by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) technology. The finger print map of corresponding peptide qualities was obtained by applying MALDI TOF/TOF. The differential proteins were identified using Mascot search library.

RESULTSJudged by statistics and fuzzy mathematics, Pi-yang deficiency rat model was successfully established. Eight proteins with differential expressions involving cell skeleton, energy metabolism, and signal transduction, and so on were obtained. Of them, there were 4 up-regulated proteins, i.e., desmin, cytokeratin8 (CK8), pyruvate kinase (PK), and ezrin. Four down-regulated proteins were glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), cytokeratin19 (CK19), cytokeratin1 (CK1), and actin.

CONCLUSIONThe pathogenesis of PYDS might be slowed energy metabolism rate, reduced energy production, changed structure of ileal villin, and weakened absorbing and digestive functions.

Animals ; Female ; Ileum ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Proteome ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; metabolism

OBJECTIVESignificant cardiac dysfunction has been found in children with severe hand-foot-mouth disease and heart failure is the major cause of death in these patients. Evaluation of cardiac function is essential for the treatment of severe cases. This study evaluated the clinical value of cardiac output monitoring in children with severe hand-foot-mouth disease.

METHODSA total of 107 children with severe hand-foot-mouth disease admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit from April 2011 to September 2011 were enrolled and divided into three groups by clinical stage: 73 cases in stage 2, 23 cases in stage 3 and 11 cases in stage 4. Cardiac output and stroke volume were measured by ultrasonic cardiac output monitors (USCOM). Ninety-five children received MRI scanning and were grouped according to the results of MRI: 41 cases (medulla oblongata involvements in 9 cases) in abnormal MRI group and 54 cases in normal MRI group. Cardiac output was compared between the children in different clinical stages and between different MRI results.

RESULTSCompared with children in clinical stages 2 and 3, cardiac output in children in clinical stage 4 decreased significantly (P<0.05). There was no differences in cardiac output between the normal and abnormal MRI groups, however cardiac output was significantly lower in children with medulla oblongata involvement than in those with other involvements and normal MRI.

CONCLUSIONSSignificant decrease in cardiac output suggests critical conditions and medulla oblongata cardiovascular center involvement in children with severe hand-foot-mouth disease. Dynamic measurement of cardiac output is valuable for treatment of the disease.

Cardiac Output ; physiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Monitoring, Physiologic

The study was aimed to investigate the expression of preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) gene in adult acute leukemia and its clinical significance. The expression of the PRAME gene of bone marrow was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 73 adult newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients, 3 relapsed patients, 7 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and 8 healthy donors, as well as two AL cell-lines (K562 and U937). The results indicated that PRAME mRNA was expressed in 42.9% AML patients (n=24) and 20% ALL patients (n=4), also in two leukemia cell-lines K562 and U937, but not in eight health donors and seven ITP patients. PRAME expression not correlated to the white blood count, hemoglobin level, platelet count and the percentage of blasts at diagnosis, yet independent of age, sex, and FAB type. PRAME mRNA expression in complete remission group seems much higher than those in partial complete remission group and death group. The increased levels of expression could be found prior to the relapse in one patient being regularly monitored. PRAME gene was overexpressed in adult acute leukemia patients and leukemia cell-lines. It is concluded that the expression of PRAME is an indicator of favorable prognosis and can be a useful tool for monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) in adult acute leukemia. Differential expression between adult acute leukemia patients and healthy volunteers suggests that the immunogenic antigens PRAME are potential candidates for immunotherapy in adult acute leukemia.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm, Residual ; diagnosis ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Young Adult