d-Isochondordendrine isolated from Cyclea barbate Miers, 400-800 rng/kg ig inhibited the increased vascular permeability induced by ip 0.7% acetic acid in mice or histamine ic 0.05ug/0.05ml in rats. It markedly inhibited the swelling of mouse ear induced by xylene and the edema produced by injection of 1 % carrageenin , fresh egg white or 2.5% formaldehyde 0.lml beneath the plantar surface of hind paw in intact or adrenalectomized rats. It was effective in the cotton-pellet grahuloma inhibition test in rats after daily medica- tion for 6 d. d-lsochondrodendrine could significantly rnduce the leukocyte removal caused by 1 % carrageenin and the fever induced by sc 7% yeast suspension 3 ml/kg in rats

Objective To explore the related risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Uygurs population of Xinjiang area.Methods A total of 966 Uygurs individuals undergoing physical examination in the First Affiliated Hospital and physical examination center of Xinjiang Medical University were collected and performed the questionnaire investigation,blood biochemical detection and B-type ultrasound examination;the subjects were divided into the NAFLD group (569 cases) and non-NAFLD group (397 cases) according to the physical examination situation.The NAFLD group was performed the correlation analysis of risk factors according to the body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) stratification.Results BMI and WHtR had statistical difference between the two groups(P＜0.05);overweight(OR =2.527,P＜0.05) and obesity(OR=1.938,P＜0.05) were the risk factors of NAFLD.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI,fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and triacylglycerol (TG) were associated with NAFLD(P＜0.05) and the risk factors of NAFLD.Conclusion BMI,WHtR,FPG and TG are the risk factors of NAFLD,and have a certain clinical significance in the evaluation and prediction of NAFLD high risk population.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of zoledronic acid combined with radiotherapy for bone meta-static cancer. Methods 71 cases with bone metastatic cancer were randomly divided into observation group (40 ca-ses) and control group (31 cases). The observation group was treated with zoledronic acid, 4 mg intravenously and local radiotherapy. The control group was treatd by radiotherapy alone. Results Pain relief was noted in 90% pa-tients in the observation group and 83.9% in the control group, respectively. The statistical difference was not signif-icant(P > 0.05). After the treatment had finished 3 months pain alleviation situation:Pain relief was noted in 87.5% patients in the observation group and 67.7% in the control group, respectively. The difference between the two groups was significant(χ2 =4.09, P =0.043). No serious radiotherapy and serious adverse drug reactions was found. Conclusion Zoledronic acid combined with radiotherapy was superior to radiotherapy alone for metastatic cancer bone pain relief, analgesic effect maintain a longer time.

Eight-year-system medical education is a kind of elite education. The object of this education model is to train medical personnel with medical doctorate. Forensic science is a highly practical medical discipline, closely related with the clinical medicine. This paper performs some explorations of the role of forensic science in 8-year-program medical education. Eight-year-program medical education should be combined with the high practicality of forensic science. For the Eight-year-program students, we should focus on cultivating their creative ability, practical ability, and sense of self-protection.

? AIM: To explore the curative effect of dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin for the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.?METHODS: Totally 73 cases ( 78 eyes ) with chronic dacryocystitis were treated with dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin and followed up for 6-12mo.?RESULTS: In the 73 patients, 66 cases with 70 eyes (90%) were cured, 2 cases with 3 eyes (4%) improved, 5 cases with 5 eyes ( 6%) not changed. In the recurrent 5 eyes, 2 eyes were treated under endoscopy to remove granulation, enlarge the opening, then anesthetic tube was placed after cotton sheet with 0. 4g/L mitomycin was put on the incision for 5min. The rest 3 eyes were treated in superior hospital with laser, and all were successful. There was no severe complication observed.?CONCLUSION:Dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin for chronic dacryocystitis is effective.

BACKGROUND:Acute poisoning is frequently encountered at emergency department. This study was to investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of patients with acute poisoning who were treated at the Emergency Center, Fujian Provincial Hospital, China. METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed the gender, age, causes of poisoning, types of poisons, poisoning route, emergency diagnoses, outcomes, and prognoses of these patients. RESULTS:Altogether 2867 patients with acute poisoning were treated from January 2004 to December 2009. The ratio of male to female was 1:1.04, and their average age was 33.8 years. Of the 2867 patients, 76.39％ were between 18 and 40 years old. The incidence of acute poisoning was as high as 11.33％ in January each year. The incidence of poisoning was in a descending order:alcohol poisoning (54.55％), medication poisoning (25.95％), pesticide poisoning (5.65％), and drug poisoning (4.88％). Most (56.44％) of the patients with drug poisoning were under 25 years and their mean age was significantly lower than that of patients with medication poisoning or alcohol poisoning (P < 0.01). Approximately 69.54％ of the patients were followed up after emergency treatment, 30.39％ were hospitalized, and four patients died. CONCLUSIONS:Acute poisoning is largely alcohol poisoning and medication poisoning in a city. The emergency green channel "pre-hospital emergency care-emergency department-hospital treatment"can significantly improve the survival rate of patients with acute poisoning.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the esophagus invert stripping without opening the thoracic cavity on carci- noma in the inferior pharynx, cervical esophagus or the cardia. Method Eighteen patients with carcinoma in the inferior pharynx, cervical esophagus or the cardia were treated surgically with invert stripping of the exophagus without opening the thoracic cavity. Ten patients received antidromic esophagus invert stripping and the other 8 underwent orthodromic esophagus invert stripping. The esophagus of these patients were replaced with either the stomach (in 15 cases) or the colon (in 3 cases), and complete removal of the pharynx and larynx were performed in 2 cases, both of which received permanent fistulization. Result No death occurred during the operation and the complications included anastomotic leakage (2 cases), injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (2 cases), pulmonary infection (3 cases), and incision infection (1 case). The follow-up survey showed that the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 77%, 44% and 22%, respectively. Conclusions This surgical approach reduces the damage of the cardiopulmonary function, which can be meaningful for senior patients and those with cardiac or pulmonary problems. The carcinoma in the inferior pharynx or cervical part of the esophagus should be treated surgically to improve the survival rate, but this approach should be avoided in patients with carcinoma in thoracic part of the esophagus.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the esophagus invert stripping without opening the thoracic cavity on carci- noma in the inferior pharynx, cervical esophagus or the cardia. Method Eighteen patients with carcinoma in the inferior pharynx, cervical esophagus or the cardia were treated surgically with invert stripping of the exophagus without opening the thoracic cavity. Ten patients received antidromic esophagus invert stripping and the other 8 underwent orthodromic esophagus invert stripping. The esophagus of these patients were replaced with either the stomach (in 15 cases) or the colon (in 3 cases), and complete removal of the pharynx and larynx were performed in 2 cases, both of which received permanent fistulization. Result No death occurred during the operation and the complications included anastomotic leakage (2 cases), injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (2 cases), pulmonary infection (3 cases), and incision infection (1 case). The follow-up survey showed that the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 77%, 44% and 22%, respectively. Conclusions This surgical approach reduces the damage of the cardiopulmonary function, which can be meaningful for senior patients and those with cardiac or pulmonary problems. The carcinoma in the inferior pharynx or cervical part of the esophagus should be treated surgically to improve the survival rate, but this approach should be avoided in patients with carcinoma in thoracic part of the esophagus.

Objective To analyze the malaria control measures and epidemic trend in Hubei Province from 1974 to 2015, so as to provide the evidence for malaria elimination path analysis. Methods The malaria control data in Hubei Province from 1974 to 2015 were collected and analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The epidemic pro?cess of malaria in Hubei Province was divided into four stages. From 1974 to 1979,it was high prevalence state of malaria,and the average annual incidence was 174.47/10 000. From 1980 to 1999,the main control strategies were to control the infection source and mosquitoes,and the average annual incidence was 17.30/10 000,significantly downward. From 2000 to 2009, through the surveillance of infection sources and controlling malaria outbreaks and strengthening the floating population manage?ment,the average annual incidence was 0.42/10 000. After 2010,followed by the elimination phase of malaria,the incidence continued to decline. In 2013,there was no local infection for the first time. The difference of average annual incidence among above?mentioned stages was statistically significant(χ2=1 254.36,P<0.05). Conclusions The malaria epidemic process in Hubei Provincial experienced the high epidemic stage,sharply drop stage,low incidence phase and the elimination phase. How?ever,the natural factors affecting malaria still exist. Therefore,strengthening the control of imported malaria and surveillance should be the main task in the process of eliminating malaria in the future.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To investigate the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia on AMP-activated protein kinase ( AMPK) pathway in the brain of young rats.METHODS:Part one:SD mice (3~4 weeks old) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8): simulated air control group for 2 weeks (2AC), chronic intermittent hypoxia group for 2 weeks (2IH), simulated air control group for 4 weeks (4AC) and chronic intermittent hypoxia group for 4 weeks (4IH).Part two:SD mice (3~4 weeks old) were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=8): chronic intermittent hypoxia group for 4 weeks (4IH) and chronic intermittent hypoxia group treated with AMPK inhibitor for 4 weeks (4IHI).After modeling, the eight-arm maze test was performed.TUNEL method was used to detect the neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal and pre-frontal cortical tissues.The mRNA expression of adenosine A2a receptor was examined by RT-qPCR, and the protein levels of phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) were determined by Western blot.
RESULTS:Compared with control group, the numbers of reference memory error ( RME) , working memory error ( WME) and total error (TE) in 2IH group and 4IH group significantly increased (P<0.01).Compared with 2IH group, the num-bers of errors in 4IH group also increased significantly (P<0.01).Compared with 4IH group, the values in 4IHI group significantly decreased.Compared with control group, the neuronal apoptosis of hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in 2IH group and 4IH group increased, and that in 4IH group was more evident (P<0.05).In 4IHI group, the neuronal apopto-sis decreased.The mRNA expression of adenosine A2a receptor in the hippocampal and cortical tissues in 2IH group and 4IH group was higher than that in control group.The protein level of p-AMPK was higher, and p-mTOR was lower in 2IH group and 4IH group, and those in 4IH group were more evident (P<0.05).Compared with 4IH group, the protein level of p-AMPK was lower, and p-mTOR was higher in 4IHI group.CONCLUSION: Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces neuronal apoptosis, resulting in impairment of learning and memory in a time-dependent manner by upregulating adenosine A2a receptor, activating AMPK activity, and inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation in rats.