Objective To search for the normal value and developmental regular rule of motor norve conduction in children.Methods One hundred and fourty-nine children aged from 0 to 14 years old were divided into 7 groups in accordance with age. There were 19 pecrsons aged from 20 to 35 years old in adult group. The motor nerve conduction function of median nerve, ulnar perve, tibial nerve and peroneal nerve of every suhject was determined by nerve evoked potential meter.Results The terminal latency of action potential of every nerve is decreased along with growing up of age before 6 years old and increased after 6 years old. The conduction velocity of ulnar nerve is the fastest,then the peroneal nerve and median nerve, that of tibial nerve is the slowest. Median nerve development quicken after 3 months of birth and approch ulnar nerve at the time of 3 years old. Tibial nerye get into fast development period from 3 months to 1 years old and catch up peroneal nerve. The conduction velocity of every nerve extend to adult level in th period of 3~6 years old.Conclusion The every parameler of nervous conduction has a great difference of age in the period of child,particularly in that of infancy. therefore, the normal values should be set up in accordance with proper age groups. This study shows that it's suitable to divide groups in accordance with new-born, 3 and 6 months, 1, 3 and 6 years old. Adult criterion should be used in the children dbove 6 years old.

The choroid plexus of the cat, rabbit and rat have been investigated by means of scanning elecron microscopy. The surface appearance of choroid plexus of these animals exhibited pleomorphism. The free surface of epithelial cells are covered with dense microvilli, single long cilium, clusters of cilia, bulbous protrusions and flower-like structure. They are scattered throughout the ventricular surface of the choroid plexus. High magnification scanning electron microscopy reveals that the population of microvilli consist of slender finger-like microvilli and microvilli with the bleb-like protrusion. Flower-like structure is the clusters of microvilli. On the surface of the choroid plexus of these animals, the Kolmer cells were observed. According to the number of processes, the Kolmer cells of cat, rabbit and rat may be divided into four main types. The ultra-architectural organization of choroid plexus of the cat, rabbit and rat is quite similar, but the number of bulbous protrusions in the cat and clusters of cilia in the rat occurs more.

Objective To explore the factors for the development of gallstones after gastrectomy. Methods 52 cases of patients with postgastrectumy,were retrospectively analyzed according to their diseases for gastrectomy and operation form. Results Incidence of gallstone in patients of postgastrectomy was higher than in general population. Among which, Billroth Ⅱ type of gastrectomy for carcinoma was the highest (35.5%), then the total gastrectomy (31.5%) and proximate gastrectomy(13.5%). Billroth Ⅰ type operation was 10.3%. Incidence of gallstone in pa-tients of selective vagotomy was lowest (2.5%). Condusion Billroth Ⅱ type of gastrectomy and total gastrectomy were the risk factors of postgastrectomy cholelithiasis. The causes for gallstone formation after Billroth Ⅱ type of gas-trectomy were the restitution of digestive canal and metabolic disorder of bile acid.

Objective To study the deficiency of serf-regulation in impulsivity children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)based on both procedures of action and inhibitory control.The event related potentials(ERPs)component P3 in Go/NoGo tasks was analyzed.Methods There were 15 impulsive children with ADHD and15 normal children in control group.Their age was from seven years old to eleven years old.The Go/NoGo stimulate-response model was adopted in the ERPs test.The occurrence of Go and NoGo trials was equal probability(each of 50%).Results(1)The high impulsive children had slower Go-RTs(reaction times)in making correct response than normal children,tended to be faster of NoGo-RTs in making error response and had lower correct rate.(2)P3amplitudes in both control and ADHD children had the tendency of Go-P3 > NoGo-P3,especially significant at CPz and Pz in ADHD children,showed the trend of parietal central to parietal maximum and the frontal minimum,The NoGo-P3 amplitude of ADHD group was smaller especially significant at FCz and Cz,and tended to be smaller than control on left hemisphere.(3)NoGo-P3 is smaller in impulsive children with ADHD than normal children,most significant at FCz.(4)Brain maps showed that impulsive children with ADHD were lower activation significantly in the right frontal area.Conclusions The efficiency of ADHD in action is lower.The behavior regulation in impulsive children is limited.Go/NoGo-P3 reflects action processing and attention.The left parietal lobe to central area is engaged much more in action procedure and attention.This research shows the evidence of weakened parietal cortex and right frontal cortex in impulsive children with ADHD.

Objective To explore the method and clinical effect of laparoscopic anatomical right liver resections. Method The candidates for laparoscopic right hepatic lobectomys were 4 cases including 3 cases of liver hemangioma and 1 case of hepatorrhexis. Results The laparoscopic right hepatic lobectomy we performed saccess bully in all the 4 patients, operation time was (470±42.7)min. The blood loss in operation was ( 1950± 881.3) ml. The postoperative hospital stay was ( 15 ± 2.9) days.There was not complcation. Conclusions Laparoscopic right hepatic libectomy is feasible and safe.For the patients with benign liver disease, it is an operation with less operation wound.

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of age-related cortex and nuclear cataract.Methods The levels of transforming growth factor-?_2 (TGF-?_2)mRNA,proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),ratio of Bcl-2/Bax,fibronection (FN),vimentin and the density of lens epithelial cells (LECs) were measured and compared among age-related nuclear cataract,cortex cataract and normal LECs.Results The ratio of TGF-?_2 mRNA expression/?-actin expression,the levels of PCNA protein,Bax and Bcl-2 in age-related nuclear cataract(0.16?0.02,16.01,15.97, 16.97)and in cortex cataract (0.27?0.01,1.98,16.93,1.44) were significantly different from those in normal LECs(0.15+0.02,2.43,16.84,6.12),all P

Objective To explore the different influence of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs)at therapeutic levels to the maturation of brain.Methods 180 healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into infant and adult group.Each age group was administered with PB,CNP,VPA,TPM or normal saline respectively in persistent 5 weeks.The steady-state plasma concentrations of AEDs at the experimental dosage were coincided with the range of clinical therapeutic concentrations.After AEDs withdrawed,the effects of AEDs on cognitive function were assessed by Morris water maze and two-way shuttle box at different time points.Body and brain weight were got immediately when the rats were sacrificed.Histological changes of brain were observed by HE staining,Nissl staining and transmission electron microscopy.Results(1) For immature rats,1 day or 14 days after AEDs withdrawed,there were significant differences between groups exposed to PB or CNP and control group in escape response latency(ERL)in the two-way shuttle box.Even after one month ERLs of immature rats receiving CNP((6.05?2.04)s)or PB((5.81? 1.75)s)were still longer than that of untreated controls((4.75?2.43)s,P

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)is the most common rheumatology disease in childhood period with poor prognosis.The biological agents are newly developed drugs with features of clear therapeutic targets and fast effects.But its use in JIA is still limited,so this article focuses on the clinical use experience,timming and sideffects of the biological agents on JIA.

Background Hypertension,ischemia and hypoxia induce the increase of glutamate level in eye tissue and furthermore produce excitatory damage and apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).At present,the study on the protection of traditional Chinese medicine on glutamate-induced retinal excitatory damage is lack.objective Present study was to explore the protective effects of Huoxue huayu decoction,a Chinese herbal recipe,on RGCs in acute ocular hypertension model. Methods Fony-five healthy clean Wistar rats were divided into three groups randomly.The acute ocular hypertension models were established in 40 Wistar rats by injecting the normal saline solution into the anterior chamber to elevate the intraocular pressure for 60 minutes.Huoxue huayu decoction of 4 ml was administered intragastrically once per day in 20 model rats.Other matched 5 normal Wistar rats served as normal control group.The rats were sacrificed on 1,3,7 and 14 days after modeling and the retinas were isolated for the histopathologieal and uhrastructure examination.Expression of glutamate transporter in the retina of acute ocular hypertension and normal rat retina were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.The utilization of animals followed the Association for Research in vision and Ophthalmology. Results After acute ocular hypertension.the retina thickness attenuated and the numbers of RGCs decreased under the light microscope in 1,3,7 and 14 days after modeling in comparison with normal control rats.The degradation of the organelle and edema as well as changes of cell nuclei were seen in model rats under the transmission electron microscopy.The expression of glutamate transporter mRNA in model group and glutamate transporter group was rapidly elevated in the first day (P<0.05),descended at the third days(P<0.01)and returned to the normal level 7 days later(P>0.05).Conclusion Huoxue huayu decoction can protect the retina against RGCs damage in the acute ocular hypertension by elevating the expression of glutamate transporters in retina.

Objective To study the protection and mechanism of co-administration of vitamin E with coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) to valproate-associated hepatotoxicity in infantal rats.Methods The rat models were established by oral administration of valproic acid(VPA) in ablactation(21 days) Wistar rats,at doses of 500 mg/(kg?d) during 30 days,other groups received the same amount of VPA with phemobarbitone(PB) and co-administration with vitamin E and CoQ10.The changes of liver cell morphology and the blood coagulation test,as well as the contents of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH),cytochrome oxidase(CCO),cytochrome,the levels of glutothione(GSH) and malondial dehyde(MDA) in rat liver mitochondria were detected by chromatometry,HPLC,Oil-Red-O staining and electron microscope,respectively.Results 1.Average content of cytochrome aa3 in liver mitochondria of infantal rats were reduced by 58.80% and(61.80%) because of administration of VPA and VPA added with PB.The protection against the loss of cytochrome aa3 by coadministration of VitE and CoQ10 was obvious.As for activities of SDH and CCO,which affected by VPA and VPA added with PB in rats,were significantly lowered compared with control group(P