Objective To investigate the curative effect of modified tracheal catheter in acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis.Methods 16 cases inpatient with acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis were involved.Found out the position and range of stenosis of central airway by X-ray and CT of chest and fiberbronchoscope,chose the suitable silicon suction tube and cut it to make a tracheal catheter,then guided the catheter through the stenosis by fiberbronchoscope to construct artificial airway.Results The dyspnea of all 16 cases of acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis could by relieved in short time,the PaO_2 raised from(39?12)mm Hg to(72?10)mm Hg,SaO_2 raised from(75?13)% to(93?3)%,PaCO_2 dropped from(102?21)mm Hg to(62?13)mm Hg after therapy.The effective rate is 100%.There was no other serious complication except for 2 cases of little amount of bleeding in trachea.15 cases survived and one died of serious muhisystem organ failure.Conclusions The use of modified tracheal catheter in treatment of acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis can relieve the acute dyspnea in short time,it also can dilate central airway,save the cost of tracheal balloon dilatation for the follow-up therapy.

Objective To provide new ideas for establishment of prevention and control strategy for non-communicable chronic disease (NCD) that are suitable for Chinese people. Methods Sampling survey of patients with chronic disease from 14 provinces combined with literature study and researches on national statistical data were conducted to investigate the application situation and problems of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of NCD. Results Status of utilization and satisfaction of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of NCD has developed well. The main problems in the promotion and application of TCM lie in insufficient investment, lagging behind of construction of prevention and control system, insufficient professionals and ineffective heritance of practical technique. Conclusion In order to tackle these problems, relevant laws and regulations should be implemented;information management system with TCM features should be improved;construction of diversified technological innovation system should be reinforced, practical and strong technology should be promoted;construction of TCM prevention and control system for chronic diseases should be perfected.

OBJECTIVETo observe the intervention of Shenkangling Decoction (SD) on the renal injury of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) children patients of Shen deficiency blood stasis syndrome (SDBSS) and to explore its mechanism.

METHODSTotally 65 PNS children patients were randomly assigned to the combined group (33 cases, treated by SD +Western medicine) and the Western medicine group (32 cases, treated by Western medicine). Meanwhile, 30 healthy children were recruited as the healthy control group from the medical examination center. Those in the Western medicine group were treated with prednisone (5 mg per tablet) at the daily dose of 1.5 -2.0 mg/kg till two weeks after their urine protein turned to negative. Then the dosage was reduced once daily per every other day. The therapeutic course lasted for more than 1 year. For those with no effect of prednisone or partial effect, cyclophosphamide intravenous pulse therapy was additionally applied for 2 successive days per week, a total of 6 times, or they took cyclosporine A. Patients in the combined group additionally took SD while starting treatment of prednisone. SD was decocted in water for oral dose, once daily, taken in two portions until 2 months after prednisone was discontinued. Efficacy was evaluated based on serum levels of chemotactic factor CXCL16, disintegrin metalloproteinase 10 ( ADAM10 ), disintegrin metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), albumin (ALB), total cholesterol (TC), and 24-h urine protein excretion (UPE) detected by ELISA before and after treatment.

RESULTSCompared with before treatment in the same group, levels of CXCL16, ADAM10, ADAM17, TC, and 24-h UPE were significantly lower in the two treatment groups (P <0. 01). Compared with the control group, levels of CXCL16, ADAM10, ADAM17, TC, and 24-h UPE significantly increased, and the serum ALB level decreased in the two treatment groups (P <0.01). Compared with the Western medicine group at the same time point, levels of CXCL16, ADAM10, ADAM17, TC, and 24-h UPE significantly decreased in the combined group. The 1 -year recurrence rate and the recurrence times decreased in the combined group (P <0.01). The complete remission rate increased in the combined group (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONSD could effectively improve the clinical prognosis of PNS children patients possibly by reducing the release of inflammatory mediators such as CXCL16, ADAM10, and ADAM17, decreasing UPE and the TC level, and elevating the serum ALB level.

Child ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Prednisone ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of integrin alpha2beta1 on invasion and migration of SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells.

METHODSNeuroblastoma SK-N-SH cell line was cultured in the modified eagle's medium. The effects of monoclonal antibodies to integrin alpha2 and integrin beta1 on migration and invasion were measured by inclined test and polycarbonate filters incorporated in modified Transwell chambers respectively. The migration and invasion cells were stained with Gimsa staining and counted under a 200 multiplied microscope. The blocking rate of migration and invasion of cells was calculated.

RESULTSThe number of migrated SK-N-SH cells in the anti-alpha2 and anti-beta1 treatment groups (50.9+/-10.5 and 54.3+/-9.0 respectively) was significantly less than that in the control group without monoclonal antibody treatment (98.1+/-7.4) (P<0.01), with a blocking rate of cell migration of 48.1% and 44.5% respectively. The invasion to matrigel of SK-N-SH cells exposed monoclonal antibodies to integrin alpha2 and integrin beta1 was significantly blocked compared with the control SK-N-SH cells, with the number of invasion cells in the anti-alpha2 and anti-beta1 treatment groups of 25.3 +/- 4.4 and 18.8 +/- 3.9 respectively vs 41.5 +/- 4.8 in the control group (P<0.01). The blocking rate of cell invasion in the anti-alpha2 and anti-beta1 treatment groups was 39.0% and 54.7% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSIntegrin alpha2beta1 may promote migration and invasion of neuroblastoma cells.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Collagen Type I ; physiology ; Humans ; Integrin alpha2beta1 ; physiology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neuroblastoma ; pathology

To evaluate the separation of T lymphocyte subsets by immunomagnetic beads and to find optimization of strategy for specific binding of antibody-coated beads to cells, two strategies to isolate enriched T lymphocyte subpopulation CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells from small volumes (< 5 ml) of peripheral blood by using immunomagnetic beads or complement cytotoxicity method were compared. The purity and activity of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were measured by using flow cytometry, trypan-blue dye exclusion test, etc. The results showed that the yields of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes by using immunomagnetic beads were (94.2 +/- 1.4)% and (93.8 +/- 3.0)% respectively, higher than those of control group and the group of using completement cytotoxicity method (P < 0.05). At the same time, the yields of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes by using complement cytotoxicity method were (76.0 +/- 2.8)% and (77.0 +/- 3.0)% respectively, higher than those of unenriched group (P < 0.05). The trypan-blue dye exclusion test confirmed that there were no influences on activity of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells when immunomagnetic beads were used for separation of these cells from peripheral blood. It is concluded that the immunomagnetic bead method has a higher efficiency for separation of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood than complement cytotoxic method, especially for small sample. This method has no influence on activity and proliferation of T lymphocyte subpopulations, and would be expected to establish conditions for research of biological characteristics of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in future.
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunomagnetic Separation ; methods ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; immunology

Objective To investigate the relationship between Wnt5a gene and E-cadherin or vimentin gene in breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Methods RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Wnt5a, E-cadherin and vimentin in breast cancer MCF-7 cells and the normal human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A, respectively, and their correlation was analyzed. Results The mRNA expression levels of Wnt5a and E-cadherin in cell line MCF-7 were significantly lower than those in cell line MCF-10A [(16.93± 2.97)%vs. (27.47±2.76) %, (12.97±1.35) % vs. (20.43±2.60) %, both P<0.05]. The mRNA expression level of vimentin in cell line MCF-7 was significantly higher than that in cell line MCF-10A [(16.53±0.85)%(6.33± 2.08) %, P<0.05 ]. In cell line MCF-7, the expression of Wnt5a was positively related to E-cadherin (г=0.997, P<0.05), but it was negatively related to vimentin (г=-0.998, P<0.05). Conclusions The expression of Wnt5a in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is significantly lower than that in cell line MCF-10A, which indicates that Wnt5a is a cancer suppressor gene in breast cancer. The expression of Wnt5a in cell line MCF-7 is positively related with E-cadherin, and it is negatively related with vimentin. Wnt5a may cause invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cell through the breast epithelial mesenchymal transitions.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of some parameters in predicting of growth peak height velocity (PHV) of the girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by histomorphological studying on iliac crest cartilage.

METHODSIliac crest cartilages were harvested during posterior surgery from girls with AIS. The samples were then paraffin embedded after stored in formalin solid over 24 hours, sectioned vertical to the calcification at the thickness of 5 microm, and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The histological grading of the proliferating activity of it was observed under the microscope. Parameters included chronologic age, menarche status, wrist skeletal age, digital skeletal age, elbow epiphysis and Risser sign were recorded. The histological grading data were compared with these parameters in terms of their accuracy in the prediction of PHV of the scoliosis.

RESULTSThe specimens of 53 AIS patients with an average age 14.0 years were stained successfully. The proliferating activity of the iliac crest cartilage decreased when the AIS girl was over 13.0 years of chronologic age, 14.0 years of wrist skeletal age, post menarche or Risser sign was no less than grade 3.

CONCLUSIONSAll the parameters evaluated can be used to show the end of PHV. Three parameters, including 11 years old of chronologic age, 12 years of the wrist skeletal age, unfusion of the elbow epiphysis and the thelarche, can be used in predicting the beginning of PHV.

Adolescent ; Age Determination by Skeleton ; Age Factors ; Cartilage ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Ilium ; pathology ; Menarche ; Scoliosis ; pathology ; physiopathology

Objective To investigate the effect of change in neurotrophins level in the bronchial asthma rats' lung on airway hyperresponsiveness and airway neural plasticity. Methods A total of forty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group: control group,asthmatic group, NGF+BDNF prevention group and anti-NGF+anti-BDNF prevention group. The asthmatic model was established by inhalation and injection of ovalbumin. The airway responsiveness was measured after 8 weeks.The bronchial inflammation was assessed by HE staining,and nerve growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor expressions of left lung were assayed by the immunohistochemistry staining.Then the expressions of synaptophysin and neurofilament were detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the lung tissue of the asthma group and NGF+BDNF prevention group had more infiltrating inflammatory cells; The expressions of NGF and BDNF were higher in the asthma group and NGF+BDNF prevention group than those in the control group and anti-NGF+anti-BDNF prevention group (P＜0.05),and significantly higher in the NGF+BDNF prevention group than those in the asthma group (P＜0.05).Both the airway responsiveness and the levels of SYN mRNA and NF mRNA in the lung tissues were significantly higher in the asthma group and NGF+BDNF prevention group than those in the control group (P＜0.05).In asthma group,the expressions of NGF and BDNF were positively related to the expressions of SYN (r=0.889,P＜0.05; r=0.985,P＜0.05)and NF(r=0.956,P＜0.05; r=0.927,P＜0.05),and also positively related to the airway hyperresponsiveness (r=0.938,P＜0.05; r=0.906,P＜0.05). Conclusion NGF and BDNF might be involved in rat airway bronchial neural plasticity changes,which resulted in the airway hyperresponsiveness.

Objective To observe the differences between Nested-polymerase chain reaction(N-PCR) and virus isolation methods used for detection of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),and to reveal the potential clinical features of them.Methods From Jan.2010 to Aug.2012,nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected from the children with respiratory infection in the Department of Respiratory,the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.Both N-PCR and virus isolation were applied to detect RSV,and clinical data were collected for statistical analysis.Results A total of 1143 specimens were used for RSV detection by N-PCR and virus isolation.The male-female ratio was 2.16 vs 1.00.The age of patients was ranged from 1 month to 165 months(median:7 months).The most common diagnoses were as follows:bronchopneumonia [478 cases (41.8％)],chronic fibrous pneumonia [223 cases (19.5％)],bron-chiolitis [221 cases (19.3％)],bronchitis [71 cases (6.2％)] and upper respiratory infection [21 cases(1.8％)].For N-PCR,458 cases were RSV positive (total positive rate was 40.1％ ; 31.7％ for RSV-A,7.7％ for RSV-B,0.7％ for both RSV-A and RSV-B).With virus isolation method,204 cases were positive (17.8％).Comparison result of N-PCR and virus isolation showed:165 cases were positive (P+ I+) and 646 cases were negative (P-I-) by both methods (identity was 70.1％),and the most difference was N-PCR positive but virus isolation negative group (P+ I-) (293 cases,25.6％).When compared to P-I-group,the clinical features of P+ I-group were as follows:younger,longer hospital stays,remarkable season distribution (with peak in winter and lowest in summer),lower percentage of fever,higher percentage of cough,wheezing,dyspnea,severe pneumonia and respiratory failure,all these differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.05),the ma-nifestations matched the clinical features of RSV infection.When compared to P + I + group,the symptoms in the P + I-group had longer duration before they were admitted to hospital (P =0.005) and lower percentage of wheezing (P =0.009).Conclusions The differences between N-PCR and virus isolation for the detection of RSV existed in duration of symptoms prior to hospitalization.Both the sensibility and specificity of N-PCR are desirable for RSV detection.

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the effect of bromoxynil on membrane potential and respiratory control rate (RCR) in isolate mitochondria from mice liver tissue in vitro and the intervention of NAC.

METHODSThe mitochondrial was randomized to control group, bromoxynil-poisoned group and NAC-protected group. S3, S4 and RCR of the mitochondria in each sample was detected by the method of oxygen electrode. Each sample was stained by JC-1 and the changes of membrane potential of mitochondria were observed under fluorescence microscope.

RESULTSThe S3 [(0.031 +/- 0.008) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)], RCR (1.820 +/- 0.181) of bromoxynil-poisoned group and RCR (4.253 +/- 0.210) of NAC-protected group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.01); the S4 [(0.017 +/- 0.004) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] of NAC-protected group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.01). The S3 [(0.046 +/- 0.005) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] and RCR of NAC-protected group were significantly higher than group B (P<0.01), S4 [(0.011 +/- 0.001) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] of NAC-protected group was significantly lower than bromoxynil-poisoned group (P< 0.01). Observation under fluorescence microscope: the red fluorescence of mitochondria was dim or disappeared in bromoxynil-poisoned group while brightened in NAC-protected group but still dimmer than control group.

CONCLUSIONIn vitro, the mitochondrial RCR and the mitochondrial membrane potential are decreased after the mitochondria is incubated with bromoxynil, and NAC could improve it.

Acetylcysteine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Electron Transport ; drug effects ; Male ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mitochondria, Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nitriles ; toxicity