By exploring the different components of the lysis buffer and optimize the 2-DE conditions,established the best proteomics technical system for Populus euphratica's heteromorphic leaves,while take the heteromorphic leaves in the same blanche as the test materials to find differences between the protein expressions of the leaves.It showed that the lysis solution which containing 2mmol/L thiourea,7mmol/L urea,2% CHAPS,60mmol/L DTT and 0.2% IPG buffer could dissolve the protein better.Through tandem mass spectrum,the results show that heteromorphic leaves are different in photosynthesis and respiration.This research offered valuable informations for understanding the molecular mechanism during leaves development and elucidating the mechanism of the eco-adaptability of Populus euphratica.

cuses tumors. Survivin seems to be a promising marker for analyzing clinical stages and predicting the prognosis of TCC.

G mutation of SLC26A4, the parents and the second child were carriers of the same mutation, while the fetus had a wild-type form. Conclusion It is feasible to identify deafness related genes by screening for GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutation, thus providing correct prenatal diagnosis and avoiding deaf delivery of baby.

Estrogen receptors (ERs) are members of nuclear receptors and related to several diseases such as cancer, inflammation and osteoporosis. ERs have two forms, ERα and ERβ, which have different functions and organism distributions. Compounds selectively targeting ERβ can regulate important physiological functions and avoid the side effects caused by targeting ERα. Therefore, selective ERβ ligands have received considerable research interest in recent years. In this article, different kinds of selective ERβ ligands were summarized and their structure-activity relationships were also analyzed.
Estrogen Receptor beta ; chemistry ; Humans ; Ligands ; Structure-Activity Relationship

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of IL-10 and the methylation of its promoter in acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF).

METHODSPatients were divided into three groups: 25 with ACLF, 25 with CHB, 10 healthy controls. Respectively detect the serum level of IL-10 via ELISA, and the methylation of IL-10 promoter via MSP, to analyze the difference among the three groups.

RESULTSBoth the ACLF group and the CHB group have significant increase in serum level of IL-10 compared with the control group (P < 0.05); the ACLF group's level is higher than the CHB group, however without statistical significance (P > 0.05). The serum level of IL-10 in ACLF group has no significant relativity with ALT and HBV-DNA( r = -0.022, r = 0.033, respectively; P > 0.05); has positive relativity with TBIL and MELD ( r = 0.566, r = 0.443, respectively; P < 0.05); and negative relativity with PTA (r = -0.581, P < 0.05). The distribution of the methylation of IL-10 promoter in ACLF group is significantly different from the other two.

CONCLUSIONThe serum level of IL-10 in hepatitis patients is significantly higher and increases with the degree of liver failure. The promoter methylation may be important in the gene inactivation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Chronic Disease ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Liver Failure, Acute ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Methylation ; Middle Aged ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDAs intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP fluctuation are known risk factors for glaucoma, it is important to understand the effects of high myopia on these ocular parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate if primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with high myopia exhibit higher IOP and greater IOP fluctuations at resting conditions over 24 hours.

METHODSWe designed a prospective control clinical study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 high-tension Chinese POAG patients only on prostaglandin analogue locally were divided into 3 groups according to various myopic grades (< -6.0 D, n = 27 and between -0.76 and -5.99 D, n = 33) or without myopia (-0.75 to 0.75 D, n = 22). Single time IOP at 10 am, mean corrected 24-hour IOP, mean corrected night IOP, 24-hour IOP fluctuation and IOPs of 10 am, 2 pm, 6 pm, 10 pm, 2 am, 6 am and 8 am were measured.

RESULTSThe IOP was higher in POAG patients with high myopia over those POAG alone in three ways: the elevated IOP value was 0.65 mmHg measured in single time IOP at 10 am, 0.84 mmHg in mean corrected 24-hour IOP, 0.97 mmHg in mean corrected night IOP. The 24-hour IOP fluctuation was lower in the two myopia groups than in non-myopia group. Further, using repeated measurement analysis of variance, there was no statistical significance among groups regarding the IOPs at the seven time points (P = 0.77) and there was no interaction between groups and time points (P = 0.71), but the difference of IOPs at the seven time points in same group was statistically significant (P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONHigh-tension POAG patients with high myopia, even on pharmacological glaucoma therapy, still have higher IOP, but 24-hour IOP fluctuation at resting conditions was lower in these patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myopia ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify the pathogenic gene for a non-syndromic hearing loss family.

METHODSMutation analysis was carried out by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of all exons of SLC26A4 (solute carrier family 26, member 4) gene.

RESULTSCompound heterozygous mutations N392Y and S448X were detected in the proband of the family, heterozygous mutation S448X was detected in the father, heterozygous mutation N392Y was detected in the mother.

CONCLUSIONThe proband's hearing loss resulted from the compound heterozygous mutations N392Y and S448X for SLC26A4 gene.

Adult ; Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Deafness ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; pathology ; Family Health ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To explore the causative factors of children with respiratory tract infection and their clinical features.Methods Nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) was collected from 1746 children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs),aged from 37 days to 3 years,who were admitted to Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between Jun.2009 and May 2011.Fourteen respiratory viruses in NPA were investigated using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) after nucleic acids extracted from the samples and then synthesized cDNA.Sequence analysis was performed to verify the results of each virus from random positive samples.A total of 23 cases were identified with twice or more admissions to hospital.Individual factors,virus detection and clinical characte-ristics were compared between patients with and without repeated hospitalization.Risk factors for repeated hospitalization were investigated.Then these factors were compared in patients with repeated hospitalization between first time and second time.Results The median age was 7 months in patients with repeated hospitalization and 8 months in patients without repeated hospitalization,there were significantly different difference (P ＜ 0.0001).There was no significant difference in virus detection including influenza type A,parainfluenza,respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),adenovirus and human bocavirus between patients with and without repeated hospitalization in the same age group.By comparing clinical features between patients with and without repeated hospitalizatin in the same age group,(69.6％ vs 47.4％,P =O.037) and diarrhea (52.2％vs 29.0％,P =0.017) were found more often in patients with repeated hospitalization.There was no connection between respiratory virus detection and presence of fever,wheeze,cough and diarrhea in patients with repeated hospitalization for the first time of hospitalization.RSV was the most frequently appeared virus in twice hospitalizations,presenting 52.2％ and 30.4％,respectively.One case had twice positive for RSV.In the first hospitalization,there were 16 viruspositive cases and 16 wheeze cases,while in the second hospitalization,there were 12 virus-positive cases (75.0％)and 11 wheeze cases (68.8％),respectively.Conclusions Children with respiratory tract infections suffered repeated hospitalization,mainly occur in children less than 3 years old.Wheeze is an important clinical feature in children with repeated hospitalization.Although causative viruses for patients in each infection are different,RSV is the most common detected viral agent.Virus-positive cases in the first hospitalization present higher viral detection rate during the second hospitalization,with similar trend for wheeze.

Objective To observe the differences between Nested-polymerase chain reaction(N-PCR) and virus isolation methods used for detection of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),and to reveal the potential clinical features of them.Methods From Jan.2010 to Aug.2012,nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected from the children with respiratory infection in the Department of Respiratory,the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.Both N-PCR and virus isolation were applied to detect RSV,and clinical data were collected for statistical analysis.Results A total of 1143 specimens were used for RSV detection by N-PCR and virus isolation.The male-female ratio was 2.16 vs 1.00.The age of patients was ranged from 1 month to 165 months(median:7 months).The most common diagnoses were as follows:bronchopneumonia [478 cases (41.8％)],chronic fibrous pneumonia [223 cases (19.5％)],bron-chiolitis [221 cases (19.3％)],bronchitis [71 cases (6.2％)] and upper respiratory infection [21 cases(1.8％)].For N-PCR,458 cases were RSV positive (total positive rate was 40.1％ ; 31.7％ for RSV-A,7.7％ for RSV-B,0.7％ for both RSV-A and RSV-B).With virus isolation method,204 cases were positive (17.8％).Comparison result of N-PCR and virus isolation showed:165 cases were positive (P+ I+) and 646 cases were negative (P-I-) by both methods (identity was 70.1％),and the most difference was N-PCR positive but virus isolation negative group (P+ I-) (293 cases,25.6％).When compared to P-I-group,the clinical features of P+ I-group were as follows:younger,longer hospital stays,remarkable season distribution (with peak in winter and lowest in summer),lower percentage of fever,higher percentage of cough,wheezing,dyspnea,severe pneumonia and respiratory failure,all these differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.05),the ma-nifestations matched the clinical features of RSV infection.When compared to P + I + group,the symptoms in the P + I-group had longer duration before they were admitted to hospital (P =0.005) and lower percentage of wheezing (P =0.009).Conclusions The differences between N-PCR and virus isolation for the detection of RSV existed in duration of symptoms prior to hospitalization.Both the sensibility and specificity of N-PCR are desirable for RSV detection.

Objective Vibrio cholera was extremely rare in Sichuan province (no cases in 2008). Any outbreak could indicate contamination through the food supply system. In July 2009, a hospital reported a cluster of 7 diarrhea patients; all attended the same banquet. One patient was confirmed to have Vibrio cholera (O139). We conducted this investigation to identify the source of this possible cholera outbreak. Methods We defined a suspect case as any banquet attendee with diarrhea ( ≥3 times/day). A confirmed case was a suspect case with a positive Vibrio cholera culture. We took stool samples or rectal swabs from all attendees for cholera culture and interviewed 272 banquet attendees about foods they ate at the banquet and kitchen workers about food preparation. Results 7.1% (24/337) of attendees developed cases within an average of 65 hours after eating. Three meals were served. All patients had the lunch whereas no patients only ate breakfast and/or dinner. Of 180 attendees who ate turtle meat 12% were case-patients, compared to 3.3% of 92 attendees who did not (RR=3.6,95%CI: 1.1-12). Of the 150 attendees who ate peanuts 13% were cases compared to 4.1%of 122 attendees who did not eat peanuts (RR=3.1,95%CI: 1.2-8.0). During preparation, the same utensil was used for fresh turtle meat and peanuts without washing in-between the process. Turtle meat and peanuts were stored for ＞ 16 hours at room temperature after cooking before consumption. All 33 turtles originated from commercial production in another province. Conclusion This outbreak was likely caused by poor food handling of commercially produced turtles. We proposed that to improve microbiologic monitoring of aquatic food animals, and raise the awareness of good handling practices at mass gathering in rural China.