Humans ; Infant ; Spasms, Infantile ; therapy

Objective To explore the different influence of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs)at therapeutic levels to the maturation of brain.Methods 180 healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into infant and adult group.Each age group was administered with PB,CNP,VPA,TPM or normal saline respectively in persistent 5 weeks.The steady-state plasma concentrations of AEDs at the experimental dosage were coincided with the range of clinical therapeutic concentrations.After AEDs withdrawed,the effects of AEDs on cognitive function were assessed by Morris water maze and two-way shuttle box at different time points.Body and brain weight were got immediately when the rats were sacrificed.Histological changes of brain were observed by HE staining,Nissl staining and transmission electron microscopy.Results(1) For immature rats,1 day or 14 days after AEDs withdrawed,there were significant differences between groups exposed to PB or CNP and control group in escape response latency(ERL)in the two-way shuttle box.Even after one month ERLs of immature rats receiving CNP((6.05?2.04)s)or PB((5.81? 1.75)s)were still longer than that of untreated controls((4.75?2.43)s,P

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To build the indicators system for clinical pathway management as required by clinical pathway control.Methods An indicators system was proposed by means of evidence-based review,focus group discussions,and ratings of the indicators' importance by doctors and nurses.A multidisciplinary panel of 60 experts from across the country were selected.A 3-round Delphi survey was made on the proposed indicators.The weights of the indicators were established by analytical hierarchy process (AHP).The response rate,Cronbach's α,and the authority coefficient of experts were used as a measure of reliability.Results The response rates of the 3 rounds were 85％,70％,and 94％; the experts authority coefficient was 0.80.The ccoefficient of variation falls with the rising number of consultations.The Kendall's W ranged from 0.40 to 0.83.Following the 3 rounds,consensus was achieved among experts as such a system comprising three first-level,9 second-level,and 36 third-level indicators.Conclusion The expert consultation has achieved reliable results.The established indicators system can serve as a useful instrument for standardized development of clinical pathways management and constant improvement.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the system of management and maintenance for the purification air-conditioning system in PIVAS,and to further strengthen the management of cleaning environment. METHODS:The cleanness monitoring project of purifi-cation air-conditioning system in PIVAS of our hospital was introduced in terms of temperature and humidity record,pressure differ-ence record,airborne particles detection,settling microbe monitoring report. And the monitoring results were analyzed. RESULTS:The temperature and humidity,pressure difference of clean area in PIVAS of our hospital are both in line with the standard of Phar-macy Intravenous Admixture Quality Management Specification (2010 edition),i.e. temperature at 18-26 ℃,relative humidity of 40%-65%;negative pressure difference between antibiotics,hazardous drug dispensing area and second dressing room are 5-10 Pa. The number of airborne particles (average static particle/m3) at various cleanness degrees in clean area are all in line with the standard of GMP(2010 edition),i.e. maximal allowable number of airborne particles(≥0.5 μm)were 3 520/m3(100 degree);352 000/m3 (10 000 degree);3 520 000/m3 (100 000 degree). The percentage of qualified static settling microbe detection reach 100%in clean area,which is in line with the standard of Settling Microbe Detection Method in Clean Room(Area) of Pharmaceu-tical Industry,i.e. criteria for settling microbe(90 mm)CFU/0.5 h≤1(100 degree);≤3(10 000 degree);≤10(100 000 degree). The percentage of qualified dynamic settling microbe detection is in low level,especially those of dispensing room and secondary dressing room only reaches 80%. CONCLUSIONS:It’s important for effective hospital infection control in PIVAS,the quality im-provement of intravenous injection,the safety guarantee of drug use in patients to further improve standard operation procedure of purification air-conditioning system management and maintenance,and manage and maintain the purification air-conditioning sys-tem completely and scientifically.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical therapeutic effect of Nuzhen Yunyu Decoction (NYD, a Chinese recipe for nourishing blood and reinforcing Shen) and its influence on the hemodynamic parameters in ovarian and uterine arteries.

METHODSSixty-eight patients were randomly divided into two groups at the ratio of 2:1, 45 in the TCM group treated with Chinese medicine and 23 in the control group treated with clomiphene citrate. Menstrual cycle were taken as the indexes for clinical observation; basal body temperature, cervical mucus, vaginal exfoliative cells, serum hormones and B ultrasonic examination were taken as the indexes for ovulation and pregnancy assessment. The hemodynamic parameters of uterus and ovary were determined by using color Doppler ultrasonography, and the growth of follicles and ovulation, thickness of uterine endometrium were also monitored continuously.

RESULTSResults of 3 cycles treatment and 1 year follow-up study showed that the ovulation promoting rate, pregnancy rate and abortion rate in the two groups were similar, but the treated group showed better effects than that of control group, in such aspects as regulating menstruation, promoting growth and development of follicle, strengthening endometrium, improving blood supply and circulation of uterine and ovary (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNYD has the effects of ovulation promotion and holistic regulation of reproductive system.

Adult ; Anovulation ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Ovary ; blood supply ; Ovulation Induction ; Phytotherapy ; Uterus ; blood supply ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy

A rapid LAMP detection method with primers designed on genus-specific region identified in the gyrA gene was established in this assay. All four Campylobacter jejuni from different sources were detected positive and fourteen non Campylobacter bacteria were negative, which shows excellent specificity of the primers. Compared with plate count and PCR method, the LAMP method and the PCR method had equal sensitivity, which were three orders of magnitude higher than plate count. In this assay, we also found out that the treatment of DNase could reduce the dead bacteria DNA effectively. The LAMP detection on chicken indicated relatively good result on detection of Campylobacter jejuni combining with treatment of DNase.

Objective To assess the effective length of jejunal graft when the 3~(rd) intestinal artery is u- tilized as vascular pedicle and afford a reliable theoretic base for clinical esophageal reconstruction.Methods In 32 formalin preserved and 21 fresh cadaver specimens,the diameter of 1st to 5th intestinal arteries and diameter of arterial arches are measured with linear calibre.Measure the length of jejunum that can be harves- ted as graft when the arches are extended.In the 21 fresh specimens,the 1st,2nd,4th and 5th intestinal ar- teries are ligated,acetic ester stained with red dye were injected into the lumen of 3rd intestinal artery via catheter.Extent of distribution of the arteries to the jejunum was observed.And then red ABS solution was in- jected into the 3rd intestinal artery to make into cast specimen.The blood supply distribution of jejunum through 3rd intestinal artery-arterial arch and communicating system were observed again.Results The di- ameter of the 3rd intestinal artery was the largest among the 1st to 5th intestinal arteries.The length of jejunum vascularized by 3rd intestinal artery can be as long as (142.2?62.3) (69.0～206.60cm) in acetic ester in- filtrated specimens.While in ABS east specimen,the average available extent of donor jejunum was(30.8?7.3) (23.0～37.3cm).Conclusion As observed by this applied anatomy study,the jejunum graft vascu- larized by 3rd intestinal artery alone has sufficient length to meet the need of esophageal reeonstrution.

OBJECTIVETo explore the possibility of brain damage induced by several anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) at therapeutic level to immature brain of rat.

METHODSTotally 160 healthy Spraque-Dawley (SD) rats selected for the study were divided into infant and adult groups. Each age group was treated with phenobarbital (PB), clonazepam (CZP), valproic acid (VPA), topiramate (TPM) or normal saline respectively for 2 or 5 weeks with 8 rats in each group. The steady-state plasma concentrations of AEDs at the experimental dosage were coincided with the range of clinical therapeutic concentrations. Drug levels in plasma were determined by fluorescence polarization. Body and brain weights were measured when the rats were sacrificed. Histological studies on the tissues of frontal lobes and hippocampus were performed by Nissl staining. And ultrastructural changes of brain were observed by the transmission electron microscopy. Plasma neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was determined by ELISA. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in neurons was detected by immunohistochemistry. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).

RESULTS(1) There were no significant differences in brain weight among all adults groups. While remarkable reduction of brain weight was observed in immature rats exposed to CZP or PB (P < 0.01) for long term. (2) Significant neurodegeneration, neuronal necrosis and decrease in the number of neurons can be observed in the immature rats exposed to CZP or PB for long period. (3) For immature rats, concentration of plasma NSE was increased even after short-term treatment with PB [(8.84 +/- 2.10) nmol/L] compared with control group [(6.27 +/- 1.27) nmol/L] (P < 0.01). And it was increased in immature rats exposed to CZP [(8.15 +/- 1.67) nmol/L] or PB [(8.07 +/- 1.27) nmol/L] for long term compared with controls [(6.02 +/- 1.20) nmol/L] (P < 0.01). But there were no significant differences between AEDs-treated adult rats and control rats. (4) The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in mature brain did not change at therapeutic level. In contrast, expression of Bax protein in the frontal lobe was increased significantly in immature rats receiving CZP and PB for long period compared with control. (5) The number of TUNEL positive cells in immature rats exposed to CZP or PB for long term was obviously increased.

CONCLUSIONSPB and CZP may result in remarkable histological abnormalities, neuronal apoptosis and necrosis in immature brain. The brain damage induced by PB was more serious and persistent than that induced by CZP.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Apoptosis ; Brain ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Clonazepam ; adverse effects ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Neurons ; pathology ; Phenobarbital ; adverse effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Valproic Acid ; adverse effects ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective · To investigate the expression levels of estrogen receptor GPR30, elastin, collagen Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ ), and Col Ⅲ in the uterus round ligament and the cardial ligament in patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and main components in extracellular matrix (ECM). Methods · 22 patients with POP (the POP group) and 10 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅲ (the control group) were enrolled. Hysterectomy specimens were collected and expressions of GPR30, elastin, Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ in the uterine round ligament and the cardial ligament tissues were detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results · Western blotting and immunohistochemistry results showed that the expressions of GPR30, elastin, Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ in the uterine round ligament and the cardial ligament tissues were significantly lower in the POP group than in the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion · The occurrence of POP may be associated with estrogen receptor deficiency and decreased contents of collagen and elastin in relevant tissues. Whether GPR30 is involved in the synthesis, secretion and degradation of ECM major components in pelvic support tissues needs further investigation.