With the progress of the medical imaging technology,imaging medicine plays an essential role in medical treatment practice,primarily including the imaging equipment and personnel cultivation。This paper presents some opinions on how to combine imaging technology with personnel and bring modern imaging medicine into full play. Imaging medicine progress is also changing our thought on the diagnosis and treatment,and we should accept new technology and adopt new idea,so as to bring many patients new hope.

Objective To investigate the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on protection of rat hippocampal neurons after cultured with high glucose concentrations.Methods Hippocampal neurons of neonatal SD rat were cultured in serum-free medium and divided into normal group,high glucose group and high glucose BDNF group.The morphological changes of the neurons were observed under inverted fluorescence microscope.Immunofluorescence stain for Map2 was performed to identify the purity of neurons.The survival of the neuron were tested by PI/Hoechest33342 staining.Results Compared with the normal group [survival rate (96.11 ± 1.63) ％],the number of PI positive neurons were significantly increased in the high glucose group [survival rate (76.29 ± 6.74) ％].Treatment with BDNF [survival rate (93.47 ±2.43) ％] significantly reduced the number of PI positive cells.Conclusion BDNF can protect rat hippocampal neurons from apoptosis induced by high glucose.

According to the characteristics of pediatric resident training, the situation in clinic practice of medical imageology are analyzed and the major problems are pointed out.This article empha sizes significance of standardized resident training of medical imageology, presents detailed requirement which the residents must meet and aims to improve the training effect by the solutions summarized after years of experience.

Objective To investigate the effect of neurofeedback training for tics symptoms and electroencephalogram (EEG) spectrum change in children with tic disorder.Methods 19 patients with transient tic disorder (TTD),20 with chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD) and 15 with Tourette' s disorder (TS) received 40 sessions of neurofeedback training.The clinical effect was evaluated with Yale Global Tic Severity Scale,and brain activity improvement with EEG theta/beta,theta / sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) power ratio.Results The patients with three types of tic disorder all showed a reduction of tics symptoms (TTD:10.32 ± 0.82 vs.5.91 ± 5.74;CTD:12.35 ±1.50 vs.4.00 ±2.22; TS:25.33 ±2.80 vs.13.73 ±4.22; P＜0.01).Additionally,the patients showed theta decreasing and SMR enhancing after the sessions.The ratio of theta/beta (TTD:2.52 ±0.38 vs.2.33 ±0.32;CTD:2.43 ±0.39 vs.2.21 ±0.30; TS:2.64 ±0.35 vs.2.39 ±0.26) and theta/SMR was significantly lower than before treatment (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Neurofeedback training is an effective and valuable treatment in tic disorder especially in the patients with transient tic disorder and mild chronic motor or vocal tic disorder.

Objective To investigate the behavioral problems and intelligence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with different degree of sensory integrative dysfunction (SID).Methods Ninety-eight children with ADHD and fifty typical developing children (TD) whose intelligence were assessed with Chinese revised wechsler intelligence scale for children(C-WISC) in this study.Parental report measures of sensory integrative dysfunction and behavioral problems were administrated using the sensory integrative rating scale of children,conners' parent symptom questionnaire (PSQ) and achenbach children behavior checklist scale (CBCL) respectively.Relationship between behavioral problems,cognitive profiles and SID were examined in in children with ADHD with different degree of SID (33 without SID,33 mild SID and 32 severe SID).Results (1) Behavioral problems:the children with ADHD with severe SID (SS) had higher scores in Conduct problem,Learinng problem,Impulsivity-hyperactivity,Hyperactivity index of the PSQ and Depression,Somatic complaint of the CBCL than the children with ADHD without SID (NS),the children with ADHD with mild SID (MS),and TD.SS group had higher scores in Withdrawn behavior,Hyperactivity index,Aggressive and Delinquent behavior in CBCL than the TD and NS groups(P＜0.05).(2) Intelligence:the SS group(98.53±l0.80) had lower Verbal Intelligence Quotient (VIQ) than the TD group(107.40± 12.03) and lower Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ) (94.59± 10.56) than the other groups(TD:108.96± 10.20; NS:101.88±8.15 ; MS:100.73 ± 9.52).Additionally,the SS group had lower full scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) (96.22± 10.12) than the NS(102.70±7.52) and TD group (109.18±9.95)(P＜0.05).(3) The scores of SID were negatively correlated with behavior problems (PSQ and CBCL) and positively correlated with PIQ and FIQ.Conclusion SID have negative impact on behavioral problems and cognitive function in children with ADHD.The relationship between sensory integration and cognitive function may provide a new way for the clinical intervention of children with ADHD.

According to the characteristics of postgraduates of clinical medicine and features of radiology and based on traditional teaching, picture archiving and communicating system (PACS), tutorial system, lecture and modernized tests with the help of problem-based learning (PBL) were ap-plied so that the effect of students' rotation internship was improved.

Objective To investigate the cognitive impairment and time-on-task characteristics of combined type(C type) and predominantly inattentive type (Ⅰ type) of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods 24 cases with C type ADHD,20 cases with Ⅰ type ADHD and 24 normal children were completed 2 Block period of continuous performance test task,with conducting a comparative analysis of the behavior results of three groups and block1 and block2.Results 1.three groups comparison:hit numbers of C type (64.37 ±5.29) and Ⅰ type (63.55 ±5.28) were lower than that of the normal control group(67.04 ±2.03) ; reaction time of Ⅰ type (540.33 ± 90.33) ms was longer than that of the normal control group (470.56 ± 95.39)ms; intra-individual variability(ⅡⅤ) of C type (174.24 ± 56.3)ms and Ⅰ type (201.12 ± 50.79)ms were higher than that of the normal control group(144.72 ± 37.17) ms.Commission errors of other figures after 1 of C type was higher than that of Ⅰ type; reaction time of commission errors of Ⅰ type[(701.34 ±311.54) ms] was longer than that of C type((512.57 ± 279.22)ms),and all the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).2.Timeon-task comparison:hit numbers,omission errors and ⅡⅤ had the significantly main effect of the type of subjects (P ＜ 0.05) ; hit numbers,omission errors,reaction time and ⅡⅤ had the significantly main effect of time-on-task (P＜0.01) ; Block2 the reaction time of C type and Ⅰ type((501.82 ± 112.47)ms,559.33 ± 90.73)ms) were significantly longer than that of Block1 ((473.19 ± 106.43) ms,(523.45 ± 99.86) ms) (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant difference (P＞0.05) in the normal control group.Conclusions C type ADHD has attention deficit and impulsivity and response inhibition defects.Ⅰ type ADHD has attention deficit and information processing capacity backward.Reaction rate of ADHD is more vulnerable to the impact of time-on-task.Two subtypes of ADHD children has different modes of cognitive impairment.

Objective To investigate the intelligence structure and attention properties,and to explore the relationship between them in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of the predominantly inattention type (ADHD-Ⅰ),predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type (ADHD-HI) and combined type (ADHD-C).Methods Children with ADHD-Ⅰ (n=24),ADHD-HI(n=12) and ADHD-C (n=54) aged between 7-10 years were tested with Chinese Revised Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WISC) and integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT).Comparisons of cognitive profiles of C-WISC scores between subtypes of ADHD were performed.Additionally,the relationship between attention/response control quotients and cognitive profiles was investigated.Results (1) Intelligence structure:verbal intelligence (VIQ) of ADHD-HI (110.08± 10.64) was higher than that of ADHD-C (101.13± 13.20) and ADHD-Ⅰ (94.71± 11.11).Full scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) of ADHD-HI (104.33±9.63) was higher than that of ADHD-Ⅰ (94.38± 10.48).Factor A of ADHD-HI (45.75±7.14) and ADHD-C (41.41±8.57) were higher than that of ADHD-Ⅰ (36.67±6.72).Factor C of ADHD-HI (33.42±5.42) was higher than that of ADHD-C (29.24±5.26) and ADHD-Ⅰ (29.13±5.39).(2) Attention properties:Full scale attention quotient of ADHD-C (90.26± 11.67) was lower than that of ADHD-Ⅰ (98.17 ± 18.03) and ADHD-HI (99.25± 15.58).Auditory attention quotient of ADHD-C (89.94± 14.16) was lower than that of ADHD-Ⅰ (99.00± 18.66).(3) Relationship between intelligence and attention:the Pearson correlations of the auditory attention quotient and auditory control quotient with the PIQ were 0.24 and 0.29 respectively.The correlations of the visual attention quotient with the PIQ and FIQ were 0.21 and 0.25 respectively.The correlations of the full scale attention quotient with PIQ and FIQ were 0.27 and 0.24 respectively.Each of these correlations reached the level of significance at the 5％ level.Conclusion Cognitive profile and attention properties analysis reveal that children with different subtypes of ADHD have distinct weakness in intelligence structure.The understanding of relationship between intelligence structure and attention properties in children with subtypes of ADHD is useful for ADHD diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To explore the behavior and initial sandtray characters of the children with oppositional defiant disorders (ODD) in order to provide psychological and behavioral intervention as early as possible.Methods The differences of the Conners parent symptom questionnaire (PSQ) and initial sandtrays between 24 children with ODD and 24 normal children were compared.Results PSQ indicated that children with ODD had higher scores of conduct proble((1.31 ± 0.53),(0.36 ± 0.31)),learning problem ((2.01 ± 0.66),(0.57 ±0.5)),hyperactivity-impulsion ((1.60 ± 0.77),(0.35 ± 0.41)),anxiety ((0.60 ± 0.50),(0.27 ± 0.25)) and hyperactivity index((1.12 ± 0.31),(0.78 ± 0.28)) than normal children.On the use of toys,the experimental group was significantly higher in armament and transports and lower in plants and stones(P＜0.05).On the theme of sandtrays,the ODD group was significantly higher in disorder,neglect,injury,threat and lower in integration and energy (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The results show that the children with ODD have more anxiety experience than normal children and this may be associated with oppositional conduct.Children with ODD use more aggressive toys and wounded themes,revealing their attack and conflict.Psychological intervention can be provided according to the characters of behavior scale and initial sandtray.

Objective To investigate the behavioral problems,intellectual ability and executive functioning characteristics as well as their correlations in children with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods 60 children with BIF,60 children with ADHD and 60 typical developing children (TDC) participated this study.Parental report measures of behavioral problems were administrated using the Conners' Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) and Achenbach Children Behavior Checklist Scale (CBCL).All the participants performed the Chinese Revised Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WISC) and a neuropsychological test named integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT).Comparison of cognitive profiles and correlation between psychological features were carried out to test the differences and commons among the groups.Results (1) Behavioral problems:the children with BIF had higher scores(3.68±2.85) in withdrawal factor than the children with ADHD (2.82±2.24) and TDC (1.03± 1.59).The children with ADHD had higher scores in conduct,impulsivity,aggressive and delinquent behavior than the children with BIF and TDC.The children with BIF/ADHD had higher scores in learning,anxiety,depression,somatic complaint and hyperactivity than the TDC.(2) Executive functioning:the children with BIF had more visual omission error (12.17± 10.48) than the children with ADHD (6.95±7.20) and TDC (2.33±2.48).The children with BIF and ADHD had lower auditory accuracy and higher visual reaction time,visual/auditory response variability,visual/auditory misrepresentation and auditory omission numbers than the TDC.These was no group difference in auditory reaction time.(3) Correlation analysis:intellectual ability was correlated with behavior problems and neurophysiological index such as conduct,learning,impulsivity,anxiety,depression factors,visual/auditory accuracy,visual reaction time and visual/auditory response variability.Conclusion BIF and ADHD are associated with poor executive functioning and increased behavior problems.The cognitive deficit may be a marker of vulnerability of poor academic and social outcomes in children with BIF and/or ADHD.