The necessities and feasibilities of setting up of community nursing specialty for baccalaureate program in nursing college and university are discussed. And the cultivating approach from aspects of training target; training mode, curriculum design and training of community practical abilities is explored.

Objective To explore the application effect of problem-discuss-guidance(PDG) teaching model in rehabilitation medicine Teaching.Method Class A(141 students) was taught with traditional teaching model in ChapterⅡ,while PDG teaching model was adopted in Chapter V.Class B(150 students) was taught with PDG teaching model in chapterⅡ,while traditional teaching model was adopted in Chapter V.to compare teaching result of the two teaching model.Result The questionnaire scoring and the performance of the classroom test and the scoring rate in this section of Final Examination of PDG teaching model were obviously superior to traditional teaching model(P

Objective:To evaluate the interventional effects of Yufeining on lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods:38 patients with COPD were divided into therapeutic group (20 cases) and control group (18 cases) randomly. Therapeutic group was treated with oral Yufeining pill half a year and then was followed up 6 months without drug. Control group was not given any medicine during the observed one year. Routine lung function was measured at before 、6 months and 12 months after treatment. Total symptom score (TSS) of traditional Chinese medicine、the scores of quality of life (QOL) were recorded simultaneously. Blood gas analysis was measured only at before and 6 months after. Results:FEV 1 was 1 032?0 336L after 6 months treatment in therapeutic group, while FEV 1 was 0.982?0.353L before treatment (P

The teacher training of medical colleges has become a pressing task force.Young doctors should systematically study the educational theory,make positive observation,conduct teaching rounds and share experience,use the Internet,read the literature and pay attention to academic practice to improve clinical teaching ability.

Objective To investigate quitting motivation of smoking patients with mild and moder-ate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) and evaluate the effects of smoking cessation methods based on cognitive intervention.Methods A total of 102 smoking patients with mild and moderate COPD from the outpatient department was divided into 4 blocks according to their intention of quitting smoking.Pa-tients in each block were randomly divided into intervention and control groups.Results ⑴All the re-spondents were at an average age of (61.3 ±12.3) years old.The sex ratio of men to women was 99∶3. The average smoking index (bag/year) in all the respondents was (39.81 ±11.53).The average daily smoking was (14.22 ±2.30) packs.The respondents with a lower degrees accounted for 55.9%and the respondents with high nicotine dependence 49.0%.A total of 39 people (38.2%) hoped to give up smok-ing, 20 people (19.6%) strongly hoped to give up smoking.⑵The main reasons for smoking included en-joyment (7.02), dependence (6.88), and calm (6.55).⑶There were statistically significant difference in the half-year continuous abstinence rates (χ2 =4.993, P =0.025) and in June quit rates (χ2 =6.668, P =0.010) between the intervention (58.82%) and control (33.33%) groups.The weight gain had sig-nificant difference between the intervention and control groups at the 3rd month ( t =2.65, P <0.01) or 6th month ( t =2.07, P <0.05) after quitting smoking.Conclusions The quitting motivation of smoking patients with mild and moderate COPD is not strong, while the smoking cessation methods based on cogni-tive intervention are effective for those patients.

A 1 3kb DNA fragment was amplified in DNA samples extracted from periwinkle showed yellows The amplified fragment was ligated into pGEM T easy vector and then transformed into JM109 strain of E coli Cloned DNA fragments were verified by PCR, restriction endonuclease ( Eco RI) digestion and sequence analysis The result revealed that the ribosomal protein gene of PY strain consists of 1244 base pairs, which contains the entire rp l22 gene encoding 129 amino acids and rps3 gene encoding 252 amino acids These two genes are overlap The character of ribosomal protein gene of PY strain is very resemble with that of other phytoplasmas

Objective To investigate the effects of injecting allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) on the cellular immunity in rat in vivo.Methods Bone marrow-derived MSCs were isolated from Wistar rats.The purity of MSCs was identified by morphological examination with microphotography,and the phenotypes were identified with flow cytometry.Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups.Different concentrations of MSCs(5?106/ml for group A,5?105/ml for group B,and 5?104/ml for group C,respectively) and PBS(for group D) were given to allogeneic SD rats via intravenous infusions.The suppressive effect of MSCs on lymphocytes proliferation in recipient rat was analyzed using mixed lymphocyte cultures(MLR) 10 days after cultivation.At the same time,proportions of CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+CD25+/CD4+ T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood and spleen were analyzed with flow cytometry.Results Proliferation rate of splenic lymphocytes in group A(5?106/ml MSCs,8.58%?0.27%) was markedly lowered compared with that in group D(PBS,24.40%?5.21%,P

Objective To explore the changes in angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)produced by Langerhan islets of Syrian hamsters after blockage of renin-angiotensin system(RAS)by different inhibitors.Methods Islet cells from Syrian golden hamster were isolated and purified,and angiotensin Ⅰ was added.The experiment was then divided into six groups:control group(PBS was added),captopril group,chymostatin group,aprotinin group,?-antitrypsin group,and captopril+chymostatin group(according to inhibitors added).The content of AngⅡ in supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Compared with control group,the AngⅡ content decreased by 42.50% and 50.94% in captopril group and chymostatin group,respectively(P

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) and losartan on ? cells,and its related molecular mechanisms.Methods Normally cultured RIN-m cells were divided into three groups:control group(cultured with RPMI 1640 medium),AngⅡ group(treated with 100 nmol/L AngⅡ),losartan group(treated with 1 ?mol/L losartan 15min before addition of 100nmol/L AngⅡ).After incubation for another 48h,the apoptosis rate of RIN-m cells was quantified by flow cytometry(FCM) with Annexin-V FITC/PI dual staining.The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting,and the activities of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 were detected by spectrophotometry.Results The apoptosis rate of RIN-m cells was significantly higher in AngⅡgroup than in both control and losartan group(P0.05).In comparison to the control group,the expressions of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein significantly declined,while of Bax mRNA and protein increased obviously in AngⅡ group(P0.05),but the expressions of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were significantly higher(P0.05).Conclusion AngⅡ may induce the apoptosis of ? cells through mitochondrial pathway,and pre-intervention with losartan,which partly reverses the effect of AngⅡ,may play a protective effect on ? cells.

0.05).The score of GMFM-66(55.24?11.68)after treatment had obviously improved as compared with that before treatment(39.81?13.17)in the observation group(P=0),and the score of GMFM-66(48.76?11.96)after treatment had obviously improved as compared with that before treatment(40.25?12.89)in the control group(P=0.010 3),and the effect of the observation group was significantly superior to that of control group(P=0.038 0).Conclusion ESFN combined with TOT can effectively improve the motor function in children with cerebral palsy.