The article aims to investigate the deviated and narrowing understanding on the psychological health problems existing in the medical colleges from the educational perspective,exploring the significance of setting up psychological health courses,and finally propose the constructive suggestions.

PURPOSE In order to correct the wrong point of view which considered the colorectal adenoma with malignant change as early stage of carcinoma or as carcinoma with low grade malignancy and to avoid performing simple operation unreasonably. METHODS 148 cases of colorectal adenoma with malignant change which were treated in our department in 1995-1997 were submitted to a retrospective study. RESULTS We find only 27 cases (18. 8%) whose malignant changes were localized in the layers of mucosa.mucosalmuscle and submucosa,72 cases (50. 0 % , whose malignant changes had penetrated to the layer of serosa, and 43 cases (30. 7 % ) had lymph nodes metastases,18 cases (12. 5%) had blood metastases or implantations. We also find 51 cases (35. 5%) that couldn't get a definite diagnoses of malignant changes although 1-3 times of biopsies had been made before operation. and of them in fact 39 cases (74. 3%)had malignant changes that had penetrated to the layers muscle and serosa ,10 cases (19.6%) had metastases of lymph nodes and 7 cases (13. 7%) and blood metastases or implantations. CONCLUSION The adenoma with malignant change can not be considered as the early stage of carcinoma. We can not say the adenoma whose diagnosis was made by 1 - 3 times of biopsies is a real adenoma and certainly has no malignant change. We can not say the tumor whose original diagnosis was adenoma still belongs to the early stage of carcinoma either. So we suggest to treat the adenoma with malignant change correctly,aviod performing simple operation unreasonably.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and advantages of gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via the infraclavicular approach.Methods A single 2-to 4-cm infraclavicular incision was made at the ipsilateral side under local anesthesia.The subplastysmal plane was dissected up to the anterior neck to build a gasless space by mechanical method.Afterwards,by using ultrasonic scalpel,thyroidectomy was performed.Results The procedure was completed in 34 cases with a mean operation time of(120?30) min and mean blood loss of(20?12) ml.After the surgery,3 patients developed subcutaneous fluid and 1 patient had incisional infection,all of the 4 patients were cured by conservative therapy.The 34 cases were followed up for 1 to 30 months with a mean of 18.5 months,during the period,none of them had recurrence.Conclusions Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via the infraclavicular approach is a simple and safe method with good cosmetic outcomes.

Primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is the leading cause of death in China. Multidisciplinary treatment is widely accepted as the way to improve the prognosis of PHC, and non-surgical therapy now plays a more and more important role. The purpose of this article is to review the current status and progress of non-surgical treatments of PHC, such as TACE, local ablation, radiotherapy and systemic therapy.

To evaluate the mechanism,treatment and prescription acupoint of acupuncture when it was used for osteoporosis.The observation index,effect and outcomes were studied objectively.The characteristics and associated problems of acupuncture were discussed.

Adult ; Aged ; Ascites ; drug therapy ; etiology ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; complications

To management of syncope in children and adolescents,the primary objectives are etiological diag-nosis and risk stratification.The possible causes for syncope ranging from relatively benign conditions to potentially life -threatening events.The efficient methods of diagnosis and risk stratification are vital important to identify those syncope patients who are at short -term or long -term risk of life -threatening events,avoiding unnecessary hospitali-zation of low -risk patients.In recent years,there came up with a multitude of quantitative methods in diagnosis and risk stratification,according to clinical history and physical exam and 1 2 -lead electrocardiograph.These methods can assit front -line physicians do an optimal decision -making,especially providing valuable guidance to make a well -in-formed choice between hospitalization and outpatient referral.Nevertheless,these existing methods can not replace criti-cal assessment by an experienced physician.

Objective:To explore and observe therapeutic effect of nursing exercise rehabilitation on home patients with chronic heart disease (CHF) .Methods :A total of 122 CHF patients ,who performed home‐rehabilitation in community from Jan 2012 to Feb 2015 ,were selected .According to sealed envelope extraction method ,patients were randomly and equally divided into routine nursing group (received routine nursing intervention ) and exercise intervention group (received early exercise intervention based on routine nursing group ) ,the intervention period was eight weeks for both groups .The 6min walking distance (6MWD) ,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ,scores of Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) and self‐behavior management scale were measured and compared between two groups before and after nursing .Results:Compared with before nursing ,after nursing , there were significant rise in 6MWD ,LVEF and score of self‐behavior management in both groups , P<0.01 all . Compared with routine nursing group after nursing ,there were significant rise in 6MWD [ (482.44 ± 65.29) m vs . (546.24 ± 76.13) m] ,LVEF [ (35.69 ± 7.22)% vs .(38.83 ± 6.92)% ] and score of self‐behavior management [(89.19 ± 25.14) scores vs .(103.49 ± 22.44) scores] ,significant reductions in physical [(62.12 ± 17.97) scores vs . (42.32 ± 17.67) scores] ,emotional [ (67.76 ± 17.17) scores vs .(51.32 ± 16.41) scores] and social dimension score [ (72.43 ± 10.31) scores vs .(62.44 ± 10.45) scores] of MLHFQ in exercise intervention group ,P<0.01 all .Con‐clusion:Nursing exercise can significantly enhance heart function and athletic ability ,improve self‐care capacity , help to improve quality of life in home patients with chronic heart failure .

0.05). (2) Febrileresponse of LP was significantly inhibited by No.Ⅰ, No.Ⅱ, respectively. Concentrationof cAMP in CSF of LP group, 1 hour after injection of LP, was 140.94?51.74 pmol/ml, while that of the No.Ⅰ+ EP group was (83.48?8.11 pmol/ml) obviously lowerthan that of LP group (P