Objective To summarize the clinical application of parenteral nutrition (PN) in Fuwai Hospital. Methods The clinical applications of PN in 132 critically ill patients undergoing cardiac surgery in our hospital were retrospectively investigated and analyzed. Results The application of PN in Fuwai hospital was basically appropriate and standardized. Energy supply in PN formulation was reasonably low, but still met the energy needs of patients in the fasting period. The nutritional composition and energy/nitrogen ratio in the formulation were basically rational. However, problems including the lack of double energy in partial formulation, low proportion of glucose-supplied energy due to low glucose-lipid ratio, and insufficient supply of insulin still existed. One (0.76%)patient was discharged according to his own decision; 22 ( 16.67% ) patients died, which were not directly associated with PN; and the other 109 (82.58%) patients were cured and discharged. Conclusion Application of PN for critically ill patients undergoing cardiac surgery must strictly follow the operation indications and rationally select nutritional components and proportions to ensure its safety and effectiveness.

Objective:To discuss the regularity of adverse drug reactions induced by statin.Method:82 cases from published articles were retrieved from 1998 to 2008.According to the given standard,the data were statistically analyzed. Result:77 articles carried 82 case reports concerning statins inducing ADRs in the period of 10 years.52 cases were caused by simvastatin.ADRs of statins could involve multiple organs and systems,mainly myopathys.Severe reaction could result in renal failure and even death.Conclusion:A rational use of statins should be strengthened in the clinical practice and strict monitoring in order to prevent and reduce the occurrence of serious adverse drug reactions.

The (GCT)o polymorphism of the MICA gene was investigated in 100 patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA) and 145 healthy controls by PCR and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The A5.1 allele was present at a significantly higher frequency in LADA group (0.340) than that in control group (0.183) (P

OBJECTIVE: To establish bacterial endotoxin test for cardioplegic solution (compound jiagaimei solution).METHODS: Semi-quantitative analysis stated in volume Ⅱ of Chinese Pharmacopoiea (2005 edition) was used to detect 3 batches of compound jiagaimei solution with tachypleus amebocyte lysate (TAL).RESULTS: The interference factors of bacterial endotoxin test could be overcome through 6-fold dilution of cardioplegic solution.The content of bacterial endotoxin in 3 batches of samples were 0.36,0.36 and 0.255 EU?mL-1,respectively.They were all lower than the limitation of bacteria endotoxin of 1.5 EU?mL-1.CONCLUSION: It is feasible to detect bacterial endotoxin of compound jiagaimei solution using semi-quantitative analysis.

Adult ; Aged ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Headache ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; pathology ; Nose ; abnormalities ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effect of midazolam on human sperm motility in vitro.Methods Sperm samples were obtained from normal adults and prepared with discontinuous percoll gradient centrifugation technique.The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each):control group and 2 midazolam groups.The samples were incubated with normal saline in control group and with midazolam with the final concentrations of 5 or 1 μg/ml in 2 midazolam groups.The samples were incubated for 60 min in an airtight container at 37 ℃.Then human sperm motility was examined in vitro at 37 ℃ and analyzed by the computer-assisted sperm analysis at 10,30 and 60 min exposure to midazolam,including sperm motility (a + b)％,curvilinear velocity,straight line velocity,average path velocity,amplitude of lateral head displacement,beat-cross frequency,linearity,wobble,straightness,and mean angular displacement.Results There was no significant difference in the parameters of human sperm motility within each group and between groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Midazolam has no significant effect on human sperm motility in vitro.

Objective To elucidate the clinicopathological and hereditary characteristics in Fabry nephropathy.Methods The clinical and pathological features of 14 patients with Fabry nephropathy were collected.The activities of α-Gal A were measured in 4 probands.Screenings of GLA mutations were done in 12 patients.Results The ratio of Fabry nephropathy in the patients with renal biopsy was 0.074 ％ (14/19 005),the average diagnostic age was (30.57±9.32) years,male to female ratio was 2.5∶ 1.All the patients had proteinuria,and the median of urine total protein (UTP)was 1.71 g/24 h (0.32-4.71 g/24 h).Two of them got nephrotic proteinuria,5 of them got microscopic hematuria,4 of them got renal function insufficiency.Angiokeratomas was the most common manifestation (10/14),followed by cardiac involvement (6/14).Hypohidrosis and diseases of central neural system could also be seen in these patients.There were 9 classic phenotype,the remaining 5 were variants/renal variants.The family information was collected in 10 pedigrees,6 of them had family histories of kidney disease.Renal pathology showed vacuolization of glomerular visceral epithelial cells was the prominent feature,global and segmental glomerulosclerosis were seen in some patients by light microscopy.The myelin bodies or zebra bodies were identified in podocytes by electron microscopy,but only were found in some podocytes of 2 females.The activity of α-Gal A was decreased compared with the normal range in 4 probands.The mutations of GLA were demonstrated in 11 patients.Three novel mutations of GLA gene were identified,which were all deletion/insertion mutations with classic phenotypes.Most variants carried the mutations located in the buried/partial buried areas of α-Gal A (3/11).The classical phenotype carried GLA mutations as W162X,F169S,S201F,N272K,L310R,while variant phenotype carried GLA mutations as I91T,R112H,Q312H.Conclusions The ratio of Fabry nephropathy in patients with renal biopsy is 0.074％.Angiokeratomas and cardiac involvement are often accompanied with Fabry nephropathy.The genotypes of GLA may have close relationships with the phenotypes of Fabry nephopathy.

Continuing medical education refers to the completion of basic medical education for inservice education,which is to guarantee the sustainable development of physicians in clinical and scientific research ability,and is the essential means to safeguard and improve the level of medical treatment.Traditional continuing medical education is given priority to the form of regularly organize workshops,so it has some limitations to oral and maxillofacial surgery.MOOC teaching is a kind of large-scale open new online teaching mode.This study provides an overview of the MOOC development,characteristics and development situation in the medical teaching.The necessity and feasibility of MOOC based teaching protocol in oral and maxillofacial surgery continuing medical education has been discussed.And curriculum transformation,construction of education model and possible challenges have also been analyzed and discussed in this paper.

AIM: To explore the relationship between various mitochondrial (mt) DNA tRNA Leu (UUR) and ND1 gene mutations and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Chinese in Hubei Province. METHODS: PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was used to screen point mutations of mtDNA ( 3 243, 3 256, 3 290, 3 316, 3 394, 3 421, 3 426, 3 460, 3 593) in 174 T2DM and 207 healthy controls. Then, DNA sequencing, reverse dot blot hybridization and Genchip were used to compare and confirm mutations. All mutations were analyzed by DNASTAR and Antherprot softwares. RESULTS: In diabetic group, there were 5 carriers (2.9%) of 3 316 G→A (Ala→Thr) mutation, 4 (2.3%) of 3 394 T→C (Tyr→His) mutation, 1 (0.6%) of 3 593 T→C(Val→Ala) mutation, and 1 (0.6%) of 3 618 T→C(Phe→Phe) mutation. Among 3 316 (G→A) mutations , there were more than 1 point mutations in 2 cases, one accompanied with 3 256 C→T(Arg→Arg) and 3 688 G→C (Ala→Pro) mutations, another accompanied with 3 606 A→G(Leu→Leu) mutation. 3 606 (A→G), 3 618 (T→C) and 3 688 (G→C) were novel mutations, GenBank accession number is DQ092356. In controls, only 3 316 (G→A) mutation was found in 1 subject (0.5%). There was significant difference between two groups for 3 394 (T→C) mutation frequencies (P