Objective To determine the effect of passive smoking during pregnancy on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) in the lungs of neonatal rats. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to sidestream cigarette smoke on the 1, 8 and 15 day after pregnancy for a total of 2 h each day. Those rats who were put into the box without smoke exposure were as control. The neonatal rats were delivered by cesarean section on the 20th day of gestation and birth weight was measured. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to evaluate the expression of TNF-?、CINC mRNAs and TNF-? protein. Results The birth weight of neonatal rats born from those mothers who were exposed to sidestream cigarette smoke was significantly lower than that of control gruop(P

Study of the strategic objectives chosen by hospitals from the perspective of stakeholders is now under the spotlight of researchers at large. To identify whether there exist differences in strategic objectives among various groups in the hospital and probe into the causes, the author called into play the competing values framework as the analysis tool. An evidenced-based study on public hospitals in Hangzhou identified marked differences on choices of strategic objectives among various internal stakeholders in the hospital For example, hospital administrators tend to focus on internal control, while medical doctors tend to focus on interactions between the hospital and the external environment. On this basis, further studies are proposed.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infection Control ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Prevalence ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Schistosomicides ; therapeutic use ; Snails ; parasitology

The neurotransmitter plays an important role in the neurologic functional recovery of animals and patients with spinal cord injury. This article reviews the neurotransmitters in spinal cord injured of rats and the effect of some therapy on them.

The leading bioregional pesticide,Bacillus thuringiensis,is accepted by the public and widely used biopesticide in the world.B. thuringiensis chitinase may contribute to the biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi and enhance insecticidal activity.It helps to take full advan- tage of Bt and upgrade the efficiency.This paper reviews the progresses of B.thuringiensis chitinase.

Objective To investigate the changes and effects of intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and inhibitor protein of nuclear factor-?B(I?B?) in pulmonary hemorrhage induced by endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in neonatal rats. Methods Sixty-eight seven to ten-day-old Wistar rats were separated into 2 groups randomly. In the experimental groups, LPS was injected intraperitoneally at the dosage of 5 mg/kg and the normal saline (NS) control group was injected with equal amount of NS intraperitoneally. The rats were sacrificed at 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h post injection. The histology of lung tissues were examined by microscope and electron microscope. The expression of ICAM-1, I?B?protein and mRNA expression were observed using Western blot and in situ hybridization. Results One hour after LPS administration, pulmonary hemorrhage and inflammatory responses were observed in the rat lungs. The ICAM-1 protein expression greatly increased at 2 h post injection and it was significantly higher than control group(178.13?8.18 vs 161.57?12.52, P

AIM: To construct subtractive libraries in association with heat adaptation differential expressed genes. METHODS: The experiment was carried out with heat adapted rat model and normal temperature control. mRNA was extracted from liver tissue and reverse-transcripted into cDNA. After cut and ligation, suppression subtractive hybridization was executed with each group of cDNA as tester and the other one as driver to construct subtractive libraries. Specificity of the libraries was evaluated by approach of comparing G3PDH gene PCR products with template from the library and unsubtractive sample. Reliability of the libraries was evaluated by primarily isolation and screening. RESULTS: PCR results confirmed that G3PDH concentration was greatly reduced compared with control group, which suggested that specificity of the libraries was high. 300 target segments were isolated from the library, 27 of them were verified to be differential expressed genes, which suggested that the libraries were reliable and efficient. CONCLUSION: This study founded the basis of further investigation on heat adaptation mechanism by approach of constructing subtractive libraries in association with heat adaptation differential expressed genes.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of calreticulin ( CRT) transcription induced by HBV and its viral proteins. Methods The human hepatocellular cell line, HepG2, was trans-fected with pHBV1. 3 and eukaryotic expression plasmids of HBV viral proteins, respectively. The expres-sion of CRT was measured after transfection. A reporter plasmid of CRT promoter was constructed to analyze the induction of CRT promoter by pHBV1. 3 and HBV viral proteins. Furthermore, two truncated and one C/EBPα site deficient mutants were constructed to evaluate the regulatory effects of HBx on CRT promoter. Fi-nally, HepG2 cells were transfected with HBx expression plasmids and the cellular localization of C/EBPαwas analyzed. Results In this study, pHBV1. 3 could significantly up-regulate the expression of CRT at mRNA and protein levels as well as enhancing the activity of CRT promoter. Among the seven HBV viral proteins, HBx could enhance the activity of CRT promoter and the expression of CRT at mRNA and protein levels. HBx could not induce the transcription of CRT when the C/EBPα binding site was deleted from the CRT promoter. The expression of HBx could promote the nuclear translocation of C/EBPα. Conclusion HBV and its viral protein HBx could up-regulate the CRT expression at transcriptional level. The transcrip-tional factor C/EBPα played a critical role in HBx-induced transcriptional activation of CRT.

Objective To analyze current situation of incentive mechanism and investigate the countermeasures.Provide the evidence for improving the incentive mechanism of scientific research at the hospital.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate current situation and countermeasures of incentive mechanism of scientific research.Database was building using EpiData3.1,and was performed by descriptive analysis.Results 194 questionnaires were available.For the current incentive mechanism,86.5％ respondents thought the content is comprehensive,The over 50 years old,bachelor or below,and clinical examination group thought the content were less comprehensive.Respectively,81％,82.5％,76.2％ of respondents thought stimulation on achievements has positive effect to research,team work,and individual accounted for.The over 41 years old college or bellow,clinical treatment group felt less effect.For improving measures of incentive mechanism,the top three positions of contents were technological reward,high level project and SCI paper;and incentive methods were promotion,material rewards and training.Conclusions Incentive mechanism can promote scientific research to some extent.To further promote scientific research development,individual incentive measures need to be taken,the contents need to be expanded,variety incentive methods need to be used.