As a disease with high morbidity and mortality, cardiovascular disease always threatens human health at all times. Exploring the risk factors has always been the research direction of physicians. In recent years, it has been found that breast artery calcification is closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease, which is one of the potential risk factors. The present paper reviews the overview, grading methods, incidence and related studies of breast artery calcification and cardiovascular disease, and explores in-depth the correlation between breast artery calcification and cardiovascular disease in order to provide a basis for improving the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk.

To explore the action target of praziquantel (PZQ) and its underlying mechanism of action, adult male worms of Schistosoma japonicum were collected from the hepatic vein of Kunming mice infected at least 6 or more weeks previously with single-sex cercariae of S.japonicum by perfusion method. These worms were subjected to the action of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) or actin depolymerizing/stabilizing agents interfering with function of the calcium channel. The adult male worms in DMEM culture medium were co-cultivated with near-lethal dose of PZQ(14 μmol/L) overnight(16 hours).Then, the parasites were washed 3 times with sterile physiologic saline next morning after cultivation, re-suspended in new and drug-free medium and then observed under stereo-microscopy during the following 5 days. The experimental results showed that majority of adult male worms of S.japonicum were killed by the action of PZQ in a dose of 14 μmol/L in vitro under normal condition; while the worms pre-incubated with the actin depolymerizing agent cyto chalasin D (CyD) were able to survive in the condition containing 14 μmol/L of PZQ with a survival rate of 100%, and the worms pre-incubted with CCBs, such as nitrendipine and nifedipineu showed a survival rate of about 50% under the same condition. The results of this study suggest that the calcium channel of Schistosomes may be involved in the action target of PZQ and its underlying mechanism.

Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) plays critical roles in cell biological functions. Here we investigated the effects of SphK1 inhibitor SKI II on hepatoma HepG2 cell cycle progression and invasion. Cell survival was determined by SRB assay, cell cycle progression was assayed by flow cytometry, the ability of cell invasion was measured by Matrigel-Transwell assay and protein expression was detected by Western blotting. The results showed that SKI II markedly inhibited HepG2 cell survival in a dose-dependent manner, induced G1 phase arrest in HepG2 cell and inhibited cell invasion. SKI II markedly decreased the expressions of G1-phase-related proteins CDK2, CDK4 and Cdc2 and the levels of cell invasion-associated proteins MMP2 and MMP9. The results showed that SKI II inhibited cell cycle progression and cell invasion, implying SphK1 as a potential target for hepatoma treatment.
CDC2 Protein Kinase ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; metabolism ; G1 Phase ; drug effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Thiazoles ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the effects of T. gondii soluble tachyzoite antigen (STAgs) on the survival time of mouse heart allograft and the possible mechanism. Methods The STAgs were prepared by pulverizing T. gondii tachyzoite with ultrasound on ice. Cervical heterotopic heart transplantations were done by using Balb/c mice as donors, and C57BL/6 mice as recipients.The recipients were classified randomly into three groups: syngeneic group, acute rejection group and STAgs-treated group. The recipients in acute rejection group and STAgs-treated group were injected subcutaneously with 0. 1 ml PBS and 0. 1 ml (5 μg) STAgs at the 4th day before transplantation respectively, and those in syngeneic group were not subjected to any treatment. The grafts were observed daily by cervical palpation, and the total cessation of cardiac contraction was defined as the endpoint. The heart allografts were harvested at the 7th day after transplantation for pathological examination and immunohistochemical staining for CD4+ T, CD8+ T. Results The recipients in syngeneic group were all alive at the 100th day after transplantation. The average survival time in acute rejection group and STAgs-treated group was (6.7± 0.5) days and (70.8± 3.5) days,respectively (P＜0.05). HE staining showed that the rejection on the 7th day after transplantation in syngeneic group, acute rejection group and STAgs-treated group was fallen into 0 degree, Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree and 0- Ⅰ degree, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the CD4+ T and CD8+T were markedly down-regulated in STAgs-treated group as compared with those in acute rejection group. Conclusion T. gondii STAgs can significantly prolong the survival time of mouse heart allograft and inhibit the rejection probably by changing the ratio of TH1/TH2, or inhibiting the effect of dendritic cells by inducing the lipoxin A4.

Objective:To observe the effect of Yiqiyangyin Decoction( YQYY) on bleomycin-induced rats pulmonary fibrosis and the expression of Smad2 and Smad7.Methods:Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,YQYY group,hormone group,YQYY plus hormone group.The rats in the normal group injected saline via the trachea,the rest rats injected ble-omycin(5 mg/kg).From the second day of injection,YQYY group were treated with YQYY decoction(1 ml/100 g);hormone group were given 35%Prednisone acetate solution(1 ml/100 g);YQYY plus hormone group were treated with the mixture of YQYY decoction and hormone (1 ml/100 g);normal group and model group were given equivalent saline.After twenty-eight days,all the rats were killed,the rat lung histopathology was examined with HE staining and detect Smad2/Smad7 protein with immunohistochemical staining.Results:Compared with normal group, the model group rats alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis scores were significantly increased;compared with model group,the hormone group,YQYY group,YQYY plus hormone group rats alveolitis and lung fibrosis scores were reduced,and the lung injury of YQYY group reduced obviously.The expression of Smad2 protein of model group in alveolar epithelial cells and the fibroblasts was significantly higher than normal group;compared with model group,the positive expression of Smad2 in hormone group,YQYY group,YQYY plus hormone group were reduced,the Smad2 of YQYY group was the lowest.Compared with normal group,the smad7 protein of model group decreased significantly;compared with model group,Smad7 protein expression in hormone group, YQYY group, YQYY plus hormone group were increased, the Smad7 expression of YQYY group was highest.Conclusion:Yiqiyangyin decoction has a good intervention and therapeutic effect on bleomycin-induced rats pulmonary fibrosis,its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the inflammatory reaction,reduce the formation and deposition of collagen and the intervention of Smad signal pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate a new method to construct tissue-engineering bone that will be applicable clinically.

METHODSThe cultured 5th generation rabbit bone marrow stroma osteoblasts (MSO) was dissolved in 3% sodium alginate solution (the final concentration of sodium alginate in the solution being 1%, and MSO, 5x10(6)/L), and then inoculated into prepared true bone ceramic (TBC) and gelatinized the bone by dribbling with calcium gluconate. The standard bone defect models were made in 48 adult New Zealand rabbit's both radius. Among the 48 rabbits, 24 were in Groups A and B, in which the left radius was implanted with gelatinized MSO-TBC (Group A) and right radius implanted with autograft-bone (Group B); and the other 24 were in control group whose left radius was implanted with non-gelatinized MSO-TBC (Group C) and right radius implanted with gelatinized TBC (Group D). Outcomes of the implanted bones were assessed by radiology, pathological histology, osteogenetic quantitative analysis, and biomechanics at 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks postoperatively.

RESULTSIn Groups A and B, a satisfactory bone reparation and bony union was noted within 12 weeks. In Groups C and D, bone reparation was not satisfied compared with Group A in terms of ostogenetic quantity and biomechanics.

CONCLUSIONSGelatinized MSO-TBC is an ideal artificial active bone that overcomes TBC shortcomings of fragileness and smooth surface that is not eligible for seed cell's adhesion. It is promising to put into clinical use extensively.

Animals ; Biomass ; Bone Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; therapy ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bone Substitutes ; Ceramics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gelatin ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; transplantation ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Radiography ; Radius ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; pathology ; surgery ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; transplantation ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

A 18-year-old female patient after cleft lip and palate surgery with an uncommon complication-precardium area pain were reported. The psychological treatment and nursing along with routine clinical treatment to the patient were applied. The patient had recovered from the precardium area pain after one week treatment.
Adolescent ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Female ; Humans ; Pain

In recent years our research team introduced many foreign patterns to our clinics, kept innovating and exploiting more reasonable modes and methods to cure the cleft patients in the situation of a developing country. Now we concluded the treatment principles, patterns and techniques of the sequential therapy according to the different temporal stages of cleft, from its arising to the evolution, evaluated our therapy results and induced a preliminary guide line of our treating clefts. We sincerely hope this rule could promote the general progress in both clinical treatment and researching.
Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the psychological conditions of parents of children with cleft lip and palate, and to discuss the clinical psychological treatment methods of these parents.

METHODS100 parents of children with cleft lip and palate were selected as the parents of children with cleft lip and palate group, and 34 normal adults were selected as the control group. Two groups were tested by the life event scale (LES) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) to analyze their psychological states. After the study group was treated by psychological counseling, two groups were tested by the LES and SAS again.

RESULTSThe LES total scores of the patients of children with cleft lip and palate had significant differences compared with the normal adults (P < 0.05) before and after psychological counseling, and the LES scores of negative life event of these patients also significantly decreased before and after psychological counseling (P < 0.05). While the SAS total scores of the patients of children with cleft lip and palate had no significant differences compared with the normal adults before and after psychological counseling (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAnalyzing the psychological conditions of parents of children with cleft lip and palate by using psychological scales and then treating them by counseling, is an effective psychological treatment method.

Adult ; Anxiety ; Child ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Counseling ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health ; Parents

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of the materials commonly used in the assisted reproduction procedure on human germ cells and embryo development.

METHODSWe used human sperm survival assay to detect the influence of two brands of culture dishes, two brands of injection needles, washed and unwashed ovum aspiration needles, embryo transfer catheters and surgical gloves on sperm motility. All the data obtained went through variance analysis with SPSS 13.0.

RESULTSSperm motility differed significantly between Nunclons and Falcon's culture dishes (52.68 +/-16.21 vs 45.36 +/- 15.25, P < 0.01) but not between the BD and the Jie-rui injection needles (P > 0.05), nor among the washed and unwashed ovum aspiration needles, embryo transfer catheters and surgical gloves (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDifferent brands of assisted reproduction materials of similar use had different or similar influences on germ cells and embryos, while no difference existed in the influences of the washed and unwashed ovum aspiration needles, embryo transfer catheters and surgical gloves.

Culture Media, Conditioned ; Embryonic Development ; Humans ; Male ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; instrumentation ; Sperm Motility