Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in Chinese elderly diabetic patients. Methods One hundred and ninety patients with type 2 diabetic aged 60 years and over,including 93 males and 97 females were selected.The average age was 68.9 years and the average diabetic duration was 11.5 years.HbA1c,insulin,C-peptide and other clinical characteristics in all patients were tested.The retinopathy of the patients were examined by the retina-camera. Results There were 103 patients without deabetic retinopathy,59 patients carrying nonproliferative deabetic retinopathy and 28 patients carrying proliferative diabetic retinopathy.The above three groups had statistically different diabetic duration((121.1?93.2) vs(149.6?112.1) vs(182.2?83.5)months,P

This paper reviewed some new types of skin whitening agents and their mechanisms of action from aspects of suppressing melanogenesis, reducing melanosome transference and enhancing desquamation of melanin pigment from the epidermis etc.

Objective To investigate the insulin dosage and analyze the dosage-impacting factors of intensive insulin treatment in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.Methods Totally 1025 patients with intensive insulin treatment were included,the insulin dosage and clinical characteristics were taken down and analyzed.Results The mean insulin dosage was 39.30U/day,the insulin dosage per kg of body weight was 0.61U/Kg,among which the dosage of intermediate-acting insulin was 9.79 U/day,occupying 25.24%,while the pre-meal one was 29.51 U/day,occupying 74.76%.According to the insulin dosage per kg of body weight,patients were divided into low dosage group and high dosage one.The result showed significant difference in period of diabetes,BMI,HbA1c,and the highest weight level between the two groups.Correlation analysis showed that the average insulin dosage per kg of body weight was positively correlated with period of diabetes,HbA1c,fasting glucose level and LDL-C,while negatively correlated with BMI,fasting and postprandial C-peptide,the highest body weight level and HDL-C.Conclusions The average insulin dosage for type 2 diabetic patients is 39.30U/day,among which the dosage of intermediate-acting insulin occupies 25% while the pre-meal one occupies 75%.The insulin dosage is positively correlated with period of diabetes and HbA1c,while negatively correlated with BMI and the highest body weight level

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the situation and trend of cardiovascular Chinese patent medicine in our hospital.METHODS:The utilization of 10 kinds of cardiovascular Chinese patent medicine in our hospital from 2007 to 2009 was analyzed statistically in respect of consumption sum,proportion of drug use and utilization frequency,etc.RESULTS:Consumption sum of 10 kinds of cardiovascular Chinese patent medicine increased year by year with capsule as main dosage form.The DDDs,DDC and sequence ratio of cardiovascular Chinese patent medicine indicated most of drugs were characterized with high utilization frequency and low price.CONCLUSION:The utilization of cardiovascular Chinese patent medicine is rational and widespread with great advantage.Pharmaceutical enterprises should develop more safe,effective and economical cardiovascular Chinese patent medicine.

Objective:To discuss the influence of Didang Decoction on glomerulosclerosis.Methods:The glomerulosclerosis model was established by uninephrectom and injection of adriamyci,and was treated by modif ied Didang Decoction and taken western medicine Losartan as the comparison group.To observe 24-hour urinary protein and kidney function of model group and each treatment group.Reverse transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction(RT-PCR) was used to determine the expression of TIMP-1 and PAI-1 in each group of rats kidney tissue.Results:Didang Decoction could decline elevated 24-hour urinary protein and improve kidney function,and decline the expression of TIMP-1 and PAI-1mRNA in glomerulosclerosis rats.Conclusion:Didang decoction could delay renal failure,it may be related to the down-regulated expression of TIMP-1 and PAI-1mRNA.

OBJECTIVE: To establish RP-HPLC method for the content determination of chlorogenic acid in 3 kinds of dosage forms of Qingkailing preparation. METHODS: SinoChrom ODS-AP C18(250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) column was adopted and the mobile phase consisted of methnol-water-acetic acid (25 ∶ 75 ∶ 0.5) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1. Column temperature was set at 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 327 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of chlorogenic acid was 3.81～152.50 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 8), and the average recoveries of the capsules, granules and dripping pills were 99.03%(RSD=2.02%), 99.35%(RSD=1.16%),98.11%(RSD=1.51%). CONCLUSION: The method is sensitive, simple and accurate for the quality control and content determination of 3 kinds of Qingkailing preparations.

Objective To study the expression of vesicular GABA transporter and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 in de‐pression .Methods Mice was divided into control group and defeat group stochastically .By social defeat model and social avoidance , the defeat group was divided into two groups:susceptible group and unsusceptible group .Synaptic proteins were extracted respec‐tively from the 3 groups .We detected the expression abundance of VGAT and VGLUT1 by Western blot .Results Compared with the control group ,in susceptible group ,the residence time in the contact area was significantly reduced ,and the residence time in the corner area was significantly increased ,with statistical difference(P<0 .05) .In the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus ,Com‐pared with the control group and the unsusceptible group ,the expression levels of VGLUT1 and VGAT were increased in the sus‐ceptible group(P<0 .05) .there were no statistically significant in VGLUT1 and VGAT leveles between control group and the un‐susceptible group(P>0 .05) .In the striatum ,although the expression levels of VGAT and VGLUT1 were increased in susceptible group ,but in unsusceptible group ,the expression of these proteins also increased significantly .Conclusion The prefrontal cortex and hippo‐campus excitability and inhibitory vesicle transport were changed in depression ,which may relate to the transcription disorder .

SCCmec Ⅳ.The strains with SCCmec Ⅱ and SCCmec Ⅲ were multi-resistant and their resistance rates were higher than SCCmec Ⅳ (P

Long non-coding RNA plays an increasingly important role in transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. In ischemic heart disease, most studies on long non-coding RNA focused on myocardial infarction, hypertrophy and fibrosis, and a few of reports directly focused on the pathological process of myocardial reperfusion injury. Thus, the purpose of this review is to introduce the processes of long non-coding RNA in myocardial reperfusion injury field, aiming to provide a novel research and theraputic method for exploring the mechanism and molecular regulation network involed with reperfusion injury.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the morphological characteristics and rotator cuff tear (RCT) by MR.Methods The data of clinic and shoulder MRI of 37 patients with RCT (patients group) were analyzed retrospectively,and 19 healthy volunteers were collected in control group.The acromial shapes were classified into type Ⅰ (flat),type Ⅱ (curved),type Ⅲ (hooked) and type Ⅳ (convex).Additional measurements about pathogenesis of RCT including acromio-humeral distance (AHD),acromial index (AI),lateral acromial angle (LAA) and acromial thickness were performed for further assessment.Results Type Ⅱ was the most commonly encountered acromial shape in patients group (16/37,43.24 ％) and control group (11/19,57.89 ％).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of each acromial shape between two groups (P＞0.05).However,the AHD,AI,LAA and acromial thickness showed statistically significant difference between the patients group and control group (all P＜0.05).The type Ⅲ acromion was signifi candy different from the other types in patients group (P＜0.05).Conclusion MRI can clearly display RCT.The AHD and LAA are smaller,the AI and acromial thickness are bigger in RCT patients.Type Ⅲ acromion may increase risks for RCT.