Objective:To explore the effect of costunolide on sensitivity of chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562/ADR to doxorubicin and its mechanism.Methods:K562/ADR cells in the logarithmic phase were used, and the cells were treated with different concentrations of costunolide, doxorubicin or costunolide combined with doxorubicin for 72 h. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method, the cell proliferation rate was calculated, and the half inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of the two drugs was obtained. The cells were treated with 10 μmol/L costunolide, 10 μmol/L doxorubicin or costunolide combined with doxorubicin for 48 h, the apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression level of p38-MAPK pathway related proteins was detected by Western blot. Results:The cell proliferation rate in the costunolide combined with doxorubicin group was lower than that in the corresponding concentration of the two drugs alone groups, and the differences were statistically significant both ( P < 0.05). The IC 50 of doxorubicin for K562/ADR cells was (13.50±0.86) μmol/L, and costunolide was (7.30±0.55) μmol/L ( t = 7.044, P = 0.002). The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of K562/ADR cells in the 10 μmol/L costunolide combined with 10 μmol/L doxorubicin group was higher than that of the blank control group, costunolide alone group and doxorubicin alone group, and the differences were statistically significant [(19.68±3.21)% vs. (2.96±0.87)%, (9.34±2.89)%, (9.18±2.13)%, all P<0.01]. Compared with the 10 μmol/L costunolide alone group and the 10 μmol/L doxorubicin alone group, the expression of the apoptosis inhibitor protein bcl-2 in the two-drug combination group was down-regulated, and the expressions of bad, p-p38, cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP proteins were up-regulated. Conclusion:Costunolide can enhance the inhibitory effect of doxorubicin on the proliferation of K562/ADR cells and promote doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, which may reverse the drug resistance of K562/ADR cells by regulating the p38-MAPK pathway.

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Facial Bones ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Infant ; Larynx ; pathology ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Pharynx ; pathology ; Polysomnography ; Respiration ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Ear Auricle ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the nursing care in ultra-high pressure balloon dilatation for treating in patients with hemodialysis patients.Methods The patients with arteriovenous fistula were treated with ultra-high pressure balloon dilatation.Under fluoroscopy guidance the ultra high pressure balloon was used to dilate the stenosis.Preoperative preparation included psychological and routine care.Results Blood flow in all the 14 patients with hemodialysis was ≥ 250 ml/min,mean (270.00±27.33) ml / min.All patients were successfully completed the treatment,there were no angiorrhexis,bleeding,infection and embolism.Conclusion Careful nursing can promote the rehabilitation of patients,improve the effect of postoperative treatment.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of prenatal stress on neurological functions after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult offspring rats.

METHODSPregnant rats were randomly assigned to prenatal stress treatment, which was exposed to restraint three times daily in the last week of pregnancy, and no prenatal stress treatment. Adult male offspring rats were subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia by MCAO. They were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, prenatal stress + sham group, MCAO group and prenatal stress + MCAO group (n = 10). After 24 hours of reperfusion, the neurological deficits were evaluated. The infarct size, cell apoptosis and expression of Caspase 3, cleaved Caspase 3 and Bcl-2 were detected.

RESULTSCompared with MCAO group, the neurological deficits, infarct size and apoptotic cells in prenatal stress + MCAO group were increased significantly (all P < 0.05). The expressions of Caspase 3 and cleaved Caspase 3 were much greater in prenatal stress + MCAO group than those of MCAO group, while the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in prenatal stress + MCAO group compared with MCAO group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPrenatal stress might exacerbate neuroloeical deficits in the offspring rats after MCAO by increasing cell apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Female ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; physiopathology ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; physiopathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Physiological

Background Researches showed that the incidence rate of cataract is high in the nickel mining area. Nickel sulphate can apparently inhibit the metabolism and proliferation of human lens epithelium cells. But the study on the injury mechanism of nickel on lens is still seldom. Objective Present study was to investigate the effect of nickel sulphate on the lens of SD rats. Methods Forty-five SPF SD rats aged from 7 to 14 days were grouped randomly into subcutaneous injection group, intraperitoneal injection group and blank group. Nickel sulphate of 2 g/L ( 10 mg/kg) was subcutaneously or intraperitonealy injected for 45 days. The opacity of rat lens was examined under the slit lamp at two-week interval and scored based on the criteria of LOCS II and LOCS III. The rats were sacrificed in 45 days after experiment and the lens were obtained for the pathological examination. Result The mean score of the anterior subcapsule opacity of rat lens was obviously higher in subcutaneous injection group compared with blank control group with a significant difference between them (t= 14. 311, P < 0. 05 ) , but no significant difference in the anterior subcapsule opacity between intraperitoneal injection group and blank control group (t = 4. 355 , P>0. 05 ). The score of posterior subcapsule opacity of lens were evidently higher in both subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group (t = 9. 316,P = 0. 004;t = 7. 464, P = 0. 009) ,so was the mean score of the anterior +posterior subcapsule opacities(t = 23. 387,P=0. 000;t= 10. 533,P = 0. 002) and the total score of rat lens opacity ( t = 12. 358 , P = 0. 001; t = 10. 188 , P = 0. 003 ) . No significant differences were found in cortex opacity score and nuclear opacity score among three groups ( P > 0.05 ). Histopathology examination revealed that the degeneration of lens collagen protein was more serious in subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group,and the injury degree of lens collagen protein was more dominant in subcutaneous injection group. Conclusion System administration of nickel sulphate induced the injury of anterior and posterior subcapsule of lens in SD rat.

BACKGROUND:Pulmonary infection is the main complication after kidney transplantation, and its onset and morbidity may be related to conventional oral drugs after kidney transplantation.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of methylprednisolone instead of prednisone on severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation.
METHODS:Clinical data of 58 patients with severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. First, according to the characteristics of post-onset patients and lung CT findings, broad-spectrum antibiotics and anti-fungal treatment were adopted, and subsequently targeted therapy, that is, withdrawal or adjustment of dosage and combination regimen of immunosuppressive agents, was employed depending on etiology, fungi and virus detection results. Among the 58 patients, 28 patients were injected methylprednisolone, and 30 patients took oral prednisone. Hyoxemia correction, support therapy and immune replacement therapy were applied.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Thirty-nine of 58 patients (67.2%) were positive for pathogens, including 7 cases of simple bacterial pneumonia, 4 cases of fungal pneumonia, 3 cases of simple cytomegalovirus infection, and 25 cases of mixed infections (5 cases of multiple bacterial infections, 17 cases of fungal and bacterial co-infections, and 3 cases of fungi, bacteria and cytomegalovirus co-infections). Patients subjected to methylprednisolone treatment spent shorter time to recover their temperature than those undergoing oral prednisone (P<0.05). In addition, creatinine fluctuation range in the methylprednisolone group was less than that in the prednisone group (P<0.05). The results showed that intravenous injection of methylprednisolone may accelerate absorption of inflammatory exudate in the lung and shorten treatment time.

Objective In this paper we analyzed the major risk factors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) as well as its clinical manifestation,so as to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and effective control of HFRS in Xi'an.Methods The method of retrospective study was used to collect clinical data of hospitalized patients with HFRS between 2005 and 2010 in the Hospitals for Infectious Diseases in Xi'an city,Zhouzhi and Huxian counties and then clinical manifestations of the patients with HFRS were analyzed and classified according to the national standards for clinical symptoms and test indicators of HFRS.HFRS patients matched by the ratio of 1 ∶ 2 healthy human controls were retrospectively investigated in order to obtain risk factors relevant to HFRS incidence using casecontrol study.Odds ratio(OR) method was used for single factor study.While for the multifactor study,we took the conditional Logistic regression approach.We also built models for both studies.Factor with OR ＞ 1 and P ＜ 0.05 was judged to be a risk factor.Results A total of 3090 cases information of patients with HFRS and 6018 healthy controls were collected.Of the 3090 cases of HFRS patients,sixty vaccinated patients showed atypical clinical manifestations and they were mild or moderate cases and no deaths.A total of 3030 nonvaccinated patients had obvious clinical symptoms.Severe or critical cases accounted for 39.07％(1184/3030)and 60 patients died and the fatality rate was 1.98％ (60/3030).The results of single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that of the 16 factors analyzed,the difference of 11 risk factors between the case group and the control group was statistically significant.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that of the 11 factors,the difference of six factors between the case group and the control group was statistically significant.The main risk factors of suffering HFRS in the order were:exposure to rat pollutants,living in the affected areas,sitting or lying on grass fields in the affected areas,working in the affected areas,house rat infestation,and domesticated cats or dogs(OR =6.826,5.764,4.882,4.857,3.126 and 2.875; P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Vaccines are very useful in the sense that vaccinated HFRS patients tend to have mild symptoms and good prognosis.Health education in this area should be focused on the six risk factors in order to prevent the spreading of HFRS.

Objective - To optimize the extraction and quantification methods for the determination of S phenylmercapturic acid - Methods (SPMA) in urine with performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The urine was hydrolyzed with 50.0% sulfuric acid. The hydrolysate was purified by solid phase extraction column. Purified samples were separated by C18 chromatographic column and detected by tandem mass spectrometry. The isotope labeled SPMA was used as the internal Results - standard. The internal standard curve was used for quantification. The linear range of SPMA was 0.50 50.00 μg/L with the correlation coefficient of 0.999 8. The detection limit and the lower limit of quantification were 0.05 and 0.17 μg/L, - - - - respectively. The recovery rate was 97.0% 102.0%. The within run and between run relative standard deviation were 0.6% 1.0% - and 1.7% 6.5%, respectively. The mass concentration of urinary SPMA in the occupational benzene exposure group was - vs P higher than the non occupational benzene exposure group by this method (median: 2.81 0.28 μg/g creatinine, <0.05). Conclusion Compared to the national standard method, this optimized method of solid phase extraction and internal standard for quantification eliminates the matrix effect. This method is accurate and precise, and is suitable for the determination of SPMA acid in urine.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression pattern of caspase-3 and HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) at different time after cerebral contusion in rat, and explore the new method for estimating the injury interval. METHODS: The cerebral contusion model was established using adult SD male rats. Then the rats were randomly allocated into 8 groups: 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after cerebral contusion, sham-operation and normal control. Expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 protein after cerebral contusion in rat was detected by Western blotting. Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to observe the number of HAX-1 positive cells and TUNEL-stained cells after cerebral contusion. RESULTS: The expression of caspase-3 increased parallelly with the time after cerebral contusion and reached the peak value on 3 d. The expression of caspase-3 decreased gradually and still maintained a high level expression on 7 d (P < 0.05). The expression of HAX-1 positive cell went up after injury, and reached the peak value at 6 h (P < 0.05), then turned down gradually after 12 h and went out of detection after 3 d. The number of TUNEL-stained cells increased obviously at 2 h and reached the peak value on 3 d. The number of TUNEL-stained apoptotic cells decreased gradually and still maintained a high level expression on 7 d (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 after cerebral contusion has time sequential regularity, which may provide new evidence for forensic diagnosis of cerebral contusion interval.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Injuries/pathology* ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism* ; Caspase 3/metabolism* ; Cerebellum/pathology* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley