Protein Kinase C (PKC ) was partially purified from rat brain by DEAE-52 column chromatography, and the effects of ethanol extracts of Selaginella doederleinii and Livistona chinensis on PKC activity were investigated.In order to verify the reliability of the assay system, the effect of polymyxin B, a known PKC inhibitor, on the activity of PKC was also tested. Results showed that the ethanol extract of S. doederleinii strongly inhibited PKC activity with IC50 2.2?g/ml. The ethanol extract of L. chinensis (100?g/ml ) inhibited PKC activity by 66.6%. Polymyxin B inhibited PKC activity with IC5017.7 U/ml.

Proteomics is an emerging branch of bioscience which studies proteome. The main techniques in proteomics include sample preparation in proteomic, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, multidimensional protein identification technology, surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. During the last several years, many advances have been achieved in terms of applications of proteomics in biomarker research for colorectal cancer.

Energy metabolism refers to the metabolism of three major nutrients associated with the process of energy production and usage.The metabolism in patients with tumors manifests specifically, as a result of tumor-bearing state, host's response to tumor and anti-neoplastic therapy.It is believed that resting energy expenditure increases in patients with newly diagnosed tumors, which is related to C-reactive protein and release of inflammatory cytokines. After eflfectjve therapy,resting energy expenditure decreases in some degree.In addition,the stage and differentiation of tumors also affect metabolism.However,there are some conflicts among research findings.The characteristics of energy metabolism and influential factors in patients with tumors are reviewed in this paper.

The enzyme catalytic reaction properties of H2O2-4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP)-the different chlorophenolic derivatives color systems using hemoglobin as enzyme mimetic of peroxidase was studied. Meanwhile, the relationship of structure-effect for the different chlorophenolic derivatives as substrate has been discussed, and the mechanism of catalytic reaction has also been investigated. The method for the determination of hydrogen peroxide was proposed using 4-AAP-2,3,4-trichlorophenol system with hemoglobin as catalyst. The sensitivity of method proposed for the determination of H2O2 was better than other similar systems. The apparent molar absorptivity of the chromogenic reaction for H2O2 was 2.21×104 L*mol-1*cm-1. Satisfied results were obtained in the determination of H2O2 in synthetic samples by this method. Also, the method was coupled with glucose oxidation reaction for the determination of glucose in human serum.

The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is rising, poor prognosis due to lack of viable treatment.Recent investigations into the underlying molecular mechanisms of cholangiocarcinogenesis and tumor growth have contributed greatly to our understanding of this disease, which will lead to the identification of therapeutic targets for this devastating cancer. The purpose of the following review is to address what has been learned over the past decade concerning the molecular basis of cholangiocarcinogenesis and factors regulating cholangiocarcinoma growth. Through a better understanding of these mechanisms, more specific diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative strategies may be developed and hopefully improve the outcome of this devastating disease.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of low-dose Progesterone injection combined with Baotai wuyou capsule in the treatment of threatened abortion. METHODS:107 patients with threatened abortion were retrospectively analyzed and divided into observation group(54 cases)and control group(53 cases)by different medication. All patients received bed rest orally taking folic acid and other measures. Meanwhile,control group was given Progesterone injection 20-40 mg,qd,intramuscu-larly injected. Observation group was given Progesterone injection 10-20 mg,qd,intramuscularly injected and given 4 Baotai wuy-ou capsule additionally,tid,taking with ginger decoction,no fish during the medication. The courses of 2 groups were 14 d. Clini-cal efficacy,hemostatic time,remission time of abdominal pain and backache in 2 groups were observed,and the incidence of ad-verse reactions during the treatment was recorded. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,hemostatic time,remission time of abdominal pain and backache were significantly shorter than control group, the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than control group,with statistical significances (P<0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:Low-dose Progesterone injection combined with Baotai wuyou capsule shows good efficacy in the treatment of threatened abortion,which can shorten patients'hemostatic time,remission time of abdominal pain and backache,and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions,with good safety.

Side-to-side meso-caval shunt is one of the peripheral porto-systemic shunts that can retain a part of the portal blood flow passing through the hepatic vascular bed. It has the advantages of simple operative maneuver and limited operative traumatism. Furthermore it can maintain the continuity of the inferior vena cave.This type of operation was performed on 24 patients with portal hypertension of different causes from 1963 to October, 1980- There was no immediate operative mortality. One case was complicated with chylous ascites postopera-tively. A second operation failed to correct the condition and the patient died of progressive exhaustion about one month later.Among the follow-up cases, four cases developed hepatoencephalopathy four to seven years later respectively; six cases developed recurrent digestive bleeding within 5 years after the shunt operation.The indications of this operation are: ( 1 ) slender body type;(2)no large amount of ascites; ( 3 ) bleeding after splenectomy; (4) no thrombosis or phlebitis of the superior mesenteric vein;(5)no enlargement of the pancreas; (6) a sufficient length of the main trunk of the superior mesenteric vein; ( 7 ) the distance between the superior mesenteric vein and the inferior vena cava is not too long.If there is a recent history of G-I bleeding, the coronary vein of the stomach should be ligated when the patient is being operated on. Whenever the anatomy of the regional veins is not suitable for this kind of operation, an interposing autogenous internal jugular vein graft had better be used.

Usually individualized comprehensive treatments are applied to children with cerebral palsy. Among them, Kinesio taping is a simple treatment compared to orthosis, which allows greater rang of motion (ROM) and can more easily be accepted by patients, however, its effectiveness is controversial. This article introduced the mechanism that mainly includes relieving pain, improving joint mobility, increasing strength, relieving edema and increasing proprioception. The application of it in upper limbs, lower limbs and trunk of children with cerebral palsy was discussed. Finally, the advantages and limitations of Kinesio taping, suitable types of cerebral palsy and the therapeutic evaluation were analyzed.

Objective To observe the incidence of acute radiation pneumonitis (RP)after intensity modulated radiation therapy,and to explore the relationship between the incidence of RP and the parameters from dose-volume histogram (DVH)in the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods By Pinnacle 7.6c TPS, 46 patients with NSCLC were treated by IMRT.The values of the percentages of the lung volumes receieved 5, 10,20,and 30 Gy radition to the total lung volumes (V5 ,V10 ,V20 ,V30 )and mean lung dose (MLD)were observed,and its correlation with acute RP was analyzed.Results The incidence of acute RP of the patients with NSCLC was 37.0% (17/46),among then there were 29 cases (63.0%)of Grade 0 (non-pneumonitis group), 12 cases (26.1%)of Grade 1,5 cases (10.9%)of Grade 2,and there were no Grade 4 and 5 RP.The values of V5,V10,V20,V30,and MLD of lung were 53.34 %,43.12%,24.15%,15.36 %,and 16.02 Gy.The values of V5,V10,V20,V30,and MLD in pneumonitis group were 57.81%,48.91%,31.34%,17.83%, 21.71 Gy,and they were 49. 81%,39.78%,21.82%,13.12%,and 13.71 Gy in non-pneumonitis group, there were significant differences between two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion The intensity modulated radiation therapy in treatment of NSCLC can protect the lung tissue,and the parameters of DVH such as V5 ,V10 ,V20 , V30 and MLD can predict the occurrence of RP.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Tanreqing Injection in treatment of acute irradiation oropharyngeal mucositis in the patients with head and neck cancer, and to provide reference for its clinical application.Methods Fifty patients with head and neck cancer were randomly divided into treatment group and control group(n=25).The patients in treatment group received concurrently intravenous infusion of Tanreqing Inj ection during irradiation course.The patients in control group received daily regular oral nursing;oropharyngeal mucositis was evaluated according to the protocol proposed by RTOG.Results The patients in treatment group with Ⅰ and Ⅱ oropharyngeal mucosal injury accounted for 76%,and the patients in control group with Ⅲ,Ⅳoropharyngeal mucosal injury accounted for 60%,there was statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05).The scores of the patients with oropharyngeal pain in treatment group were 0-3 (mild),in control group they were 4- 6 (moderate).The patients with mild,moderate,and severe oropharyngeal pain in treatment group and control group after radiotherapy accounted for 72%,24%,4% and 12%,64%,24%;there were statistically significant differences between two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Tanreqing Injection has a good therapeutic effect on acute radiation stomatitis and layngopharyngitis, and it has the effects of relieving oral and pharyngeal mucosa inj ury,anti-inflammatory and analgesic and accelerating wound healing.