Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical status of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antagonists.Methods: The clinical trials of TNF-α antagonists registered before August 2,2016 were searched on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Trials Register,and SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data.Results: A total of 306 TNF clinical trials were conducted in the world,19 of them were in China.The main research diseases for bone and joint disease,autoimmune diseases,infections,blood tumors.There were 241 items in intervention study,and 56,7,55,60 items in 178 cases,accounting for 73.9% in Ⅱ,Ⅱ/Ⅲ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,respectively.The interventional study of TNF-α antagonist clinical trials mainly focused on intervention research,The main purpose of the practical application of the process after the listing of further validation and evaluation of drug efficacy and safety.Conclusion: There are many kinds of TNF-α antagonists,and clinical indications are wide.The design of clinical trials is diversified and mature.

Objective To establish the method for detemining the content of chlorogenic acid in Shuanghuanglian Keli by HPLC.Methods Using Diamonsil ODS1 C18 column,with methanol-water-glacial acetic acid(15:85:1) as the mobile phase,detection wavelength as 324 nm and flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.Results The calibration curve was linear at the range of 0.060～1.210 ?g for chlorogenic acid and the equation was Y=105 427X+586.43,r2=0.999 5.The average recovery was 99.3% and RSD was 0.82%(n=6).Conclusion This method was simple,accurate and proper,and the reduplication of the result was good,which provide scientific quantitative analysis method of chlorogenic acid in Shuanghuanglian Keli.

Objective To evaluate of red blood cell as giving instruction in whole white blood cell immunological activity by new nature experimental system of hemaimmune reaction rood map. Methods Plasma 0.3ml were added to whole blood cells (including: red blood cell and white blood cells) or white blood cells 0.2ml, and incubated for 1h at 37℃. The content of IL-8 and IL-12 was determined by enzyme linked immunadsorbent assay (ELISA) method. The expression level of CD4, CD8, CD35 and CXCR4 on white blood cells was determined by method of Flow Cytometry. Results The content of IL-8 (5.96?4.26) and IL-12 (9.84?2.23) in whole blood and plasma nature group was significantly lower than that (13.59?3.69?B?pg~ -1 ?ml~ -1 ) and (15.09?9.86?B?pg~ -1 ?ml~ -1 ) in white blood cell and plasma isolation group (P

Esophageal Atresia ; complications ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Respiratory System Abnormalities ; complications ; Trachea ; abnormalities ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; complications

Objective To investigate the effects of a miRNA family member, let-7e, and a combi-nation of miR-106b and miR-20a on the expression of cytokines by THP-1 cells with Luminex xMAP technol-ogy.Methods The efficiency of transfection was evaluated by immunofluorescence assay after transfecting THP-1 cells with micrONTM mimic negative control (Cy3) for 24 h, 36 h and 48 h.The three miRNA mim-ics (let-7e, miR-106b and miR-20a) were respectively used to transfect the THP-1 cells for 24 h, 36 h and 48 h and the expression of each miRNA was analyzed by qRT-PCR analysis for screening out the optimal transfection time.The transfected THP-1 cells were stimulated with1 mg/L of LPS for 1 h.The Luminex xMAP technology was used to detect the expression of IL-8, interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), mono-cyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), IL-1α, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-αand IFN-βin the supernatants of cell culture.A statistical analysis was performed to analyze the data obtained by using SPSS16.0 software. Results More than 90% of the transfected THP-1 cells were labeled with red fluorescence.The optimal transfection times for let-7e mimic and miR-106b/miR-20a mimics were 48 h and 24 h, respectively.Com-pared with the corresponding negative control (NC), the expression of IL-8, IP-10 and MCP-1 by THP-1 cells were enhanced after the transfection with let-7e mimic, but were inhibited after the co-transfection with miR-106b and miR-20a mimics.Conclusion The expression of IL-8, IP-10 and MCP-1 were enhanced in let-7e transfected THP-1 cells, but were inhibited in miR-106b and miR-20a co-transfected THP-1 cells.

Objective: Recent years has witnessed new progress in the molecular genetic study of the relationship between the myosin heavy chain and myocardial hypertrophy.This study aimed to observe the expressions of myocardial ?-myosin heavy chain(?-MHC) and ?-myosin heavy chain(?-MHC) mRNA in rats with pressure overload,and to investigate the mechanism by which abdominal aorta constriction induces left ventricular hypertrophy.Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation and model group.The models were made by clamping the suprarenal abdominal aorta with a silver chip.Eight weeks later,changes in the left ventricular mass index(LVMI) and the ultra microstructure of the left ventricular myocyte were observed,and the expressions of ?-MHC and ?-MHC in the myocardial tissue were detected by RT-PCR.Results: Compared with the sham operation group,the model rats showed markedly increased LVMI(P

Eight-year-system medical education is a kind of elite education. The object of this education model is to train medical personnel with medical doctorate. Forensic science is a highly practical medical discipline, closely related with the clinical medicine. This paper performs some explorations of the role of forensic science in 8-year-program medical education. Eight-year-program medical education should be combined with the high practicality of forensic science. For the Eight-year-program students, we should focus on cultivating their creative ability, practical ability, and sense of self-protection.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of remifentanil target-controlled infusion (TCI) system in children.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ patients, aged 3-12 yr, weighing 10-40 kg, scheduled for elective ear-nosethroat or urological surgery, were randomly divided into 2 groups with 15 patients in each group:2 ng/ml remifentanil group (group Ⅰ) and 4 ng/ml remifentanil group (group Ⅱ). Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of propofol 2 mg/kg and TCI of remifentanil. Remifentanil was administered with a specific TCI system incorporating the pharmacokinetic parameters of Minto.The target plasma concentrations of remifentanil were set at 2 or 4 ng/ml. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg after the children lost consciousness. The children were mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with TCI of remifentanil, iv infusion of propofol and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. The target plasma concentration of remifentanil remained unchanged and bispectral index value was maintained at 45-65 or auditory evoked potentials index value ＜ 30 by adusting the infusion rate of propofol.Arterial blood samples were taken at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after TCI remifentanil was stared for determination of blood remifentanil concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography. Median prediction performance error (MDPE),median absolute performance error (MDAPE) and wobble of remifentanil TCI system were calculated. Results The measured concentrations of remifentanil were significantly higher than the target plasma concentrations in both groups (P＜0.05). The MDPE, MDAPE and wobble were 20.0% , 30.0% and 25.0% respectively in group Ⅰ , and 17.5%, 17.5% and 12.5% respectively in group Ⅱ . TheMDAPE and wobble were significantly decreased in group Ⅱ compared with group Ⅰ(P＜0.05).Conclusion When remifentanil is administered using a specific TCI system incorporating the pharmacokinetic parameters of Minto in children of 3-12 years old, the accuracy is not high.

The aim of the eight year medical education program is to cultivate high-leveled and high qualified clinical and research personnel.Constructing forensic interest group for medical students of eight year program can not only cultivate the students' English learning,innovative thinking and practice ability,which is their Achilles heel but also combine eight year medical education with forensic science teaching reform.

Objective: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes, but the molecular events contributing to TSC are not well understood.However, little is known about the role of microRNAs in TSC.To explore the microRNA differential expression profile between tuberous sclerosis complex cell line TSC2-/-MEFs and normal type cell line TSC2+/+ MEFs, and to provide new clues to study the mechanism of microRNA function in tuberous sclerosis complex.Methods: TSC2-/-MEFs and TSC2+/+ MEFs cell lines were cultured in vitro, each with three samples chosen as the experimental group and the control group respectively.Total RNA was isolated using TRizol and purified with RNeasy mini kit according to manufacturer''s instructions.RNA quality and quantity were measured by using nanodrop spectrophotometer and RNA integrity was determined by gel electrophoresis.Total RNAs were extracted by TRizol, followed by RNA quantification and quality control.MicroRNA profiles were analyzed by microarray and the threshold value used to screen up-regulated more than 2-fold change or down-regulated less than 0.5-fold change compared with controls.Real-time PCR was used to validate the reliability of microarray.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation.Results: Fourteen microRNAs, including miR-18a-5p, miR-376c-3p, miR-136-5p, miR-467c-5p, miR-467b-5p, miR-5104, miR-3098-3p, miR-30a-3p, miR-302b-3p, miR-18a-3p, miR-19b-1-5p, miR-19a-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-155-5p, were up-regulated, while twenty-six microRNAs, including miR-200b-3p, miR-450a-1-3p, miR-542-5p, miR-199b-5p, miR-10a-5p, miR-466c-5p, miR-450a-5p, miR-450b-5p, miR-542-3p, miR-351-5p, miR-322-3p, miR-199a-3p, miR-335-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-351-3p, miR-155-3p, miR-497a-5p, miR-503-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-1843a-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-490-5p, miR-450a-2-3p, miR-322-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-450b-3p, were down-regulated in tuberous sclerosis complex cell line TSC2-/-MEFs compared with normal type cell line TSC2+/+ MEFs (P<0.05).Real-time PCR confirmed the expressions of miR-136-5p, miR-30a-3p, miR-302b-3p, miR-10b-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-199a-5p consistent with the microarray data (P<0.05).Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-199a-5p significantly inhibited cell proli-feration (P<0.05).Conclusion: There are differences in the expression of miRNA between the tube-rous sclerosis complex cell line TSC2-/-MEFs and normal cell line TSC2+/+ MEFs.MiRNA-199a-5p plays an important role in tuberous sclerosis complex, which may be developed as an important molecular target for the treatment of tuberous sclerosis complex.