This review introduced the anti-tumor effects of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and summarized their possible molecular mechanisms according to recent abroad literatures and our research results. Some evidence showed that the anti-tumor mechanisms of NSAIDs were different in various tumors.NSAIDs decreased the biosynthesis of PGE_2 and regulated the expressions of downstream correlated genes and proteins through restraining abnormal expression of COX-2 in certain neoplasms,which resulted in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and proliferation as well as induced apoptosis. But in other cancer cells, NSAIDs, as activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?), induced COX-2 expression, promoted the biosynthesis of cyclopentenone prostaglandins (cyPGs). cyPGs further induced tumor cell apoptosis with PPAR? dependently or PPAR? independently. Since their special mechanisms of anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis, NSAIDs revealed significant synergistic effects with other anti-tumor treatments.

The strain of Cunninghamella echinulata 9980 was first selected with high aminoacylase activity . In three submerged cultures, the aminoacylase activity in the mycelial cell was compared . A number of factors have effects on the resolution reaction. The results showed that, peptone culture gave the highest aminoacylase activity with 680U/g.The optium temperature,pH,and substrate concentration were 55℃, 7.0,and 0.2mol/L,respectively. The ions in the buffer lowered the activity,but the Co~(2+) in 10~(-4)~10~(-3 )mol/L was necessary for its activity.

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether Candida albicans-native phospholipomannan (PLM) induce an inflammation response through Toll-like receptor(TLRé2 in human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) cells.

METHODSHuman THP-1 monocytes were challenged with PLM in vitro. The mRNA expressions of TLR2, TLR4, proinflammatory cytokine [interleukin(IL)-6], and chemokine (IL-8) were assayed by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The secretions of IL-6 and IL-8 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of TLR2 was analyzed with Western blot.

RESULTSPLM increased the mRNA expressions and secretions of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (IL-8) in THP-1 cells (all P=0.0000). PLM up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of TLR2 (P=0.0000), whereas the mRNA level of TLR4 was not altered. PLM hydrolyzed with β-D-mannoside manno hydrolase failed to induce gene and protein expressions of TLR2, IL-6, and IL-8. Anti-TLRS-neutralizing antibody blocked the PLM-induced secretions of IL-6 and IL-8 in THP-1 cells (P = 0.0003, P = 0.0010).

CONCLUSIONCanidada albicans-native PLM may contribute to the inflammatory responses during Candida infection in a TLR2-dependent manner.

Candida albicans ; chemistry ; Cells, Cultured ; Glycolipids ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism

Neurogranin, a neuron-specific postsynaptic protein, has been considered to play an important role in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of prenatal restraint stress on neurogranin expression in rat offspring hippocampus. Pregnant rats were given a restraint stress (3 times a day for 7 d, 45 min each time) at the late stage of gestation except that in the control group. The offspring rats were divided into four groups: female control group, male control group, female stress group and male stress group. Expression of neurogranin was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The results showed that neurogranin-positive immunostaining was detected in all areas of the hippocampus. The staining density was stronger in the CA1 and CA3 regions than that in the dentate gyrus (DG) region. Western blot assay showed that neurogranin protein level in female and male prenatal stressed offspring was significantly lower than that in the controls (P<0.01). Neurogranin level was significantly lower in the female stress group than that in the male stress group, whereas there was no significant gender difference in the control group. Immunohistochemical data further confirmed these results. The present study provides evidence that prenatal restraint stress induces gender-dependent decrease in neurogranin expression in the offspring hippocampus. The prenatal restraint stress-induced decrease in neurogranin expression in the hippocampus might be associated with the deficit in spatial learning and memory reported previously.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Female ; Hippocampus ; chemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neurogranin ; analysis ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Restraint, Physical ; Stress, Psychological ; metabolism

Abstract?AIM: To investigate mechanism of bradykinin ( BK) on inflammations of retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE) cells.?METHODS: ARPE -19 cells were cultured in vitro, stimulated by 100nM BK for 24h. Cell morphology changes were observed by microscope, and BK receptor localization was detected through cell immunofluorescence. Changes of Ca2+in BK and BR antagonist stimuli were detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy.The expressions of COX-1, COX-2, eNOS and iNOS protein in control group and BK group were detected by Western Blot.?RESULTS: After the stimulation of BK, there was no significant changes of ARPE-19 cells in morphology.Kinin B1 receptors ( B1R ) and B2 receptors ( B2R ) could be detected in ARPE-19 cells.Compared with control group, Ca2+concentrations significantly increased in BK group; in B1R antagonist group and B2R antagonist group Ca2+concentrations increased less than BK group; B1R and B2R antagonist group showed no obvious changes in Ca2+concentrations.Compared with control group, COX-2 and iNOS protein concentrations were significantly increased in BK group (P<0.001).?CONCLUSION:BK induces the increasing expression of COX-2 and iNOS in the cultured ARPE cells through binding with either B1R or B2R.

Professor LUO Cai-gui's experience of acupuncture at acupoint "Baliao" with twisting manipulation for treatment of low back pain is introduced. This method has significant efficacy on improving low back pain and numbness of lower extremities, which is characterized with short-time manipulation, quick de-qi and long effective time. The acupuncture methods, manipulations, precautions, etc. are elaborated in details. A typical case is added.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To study the clinical value of serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) as a biomarker in evaluating its prognosis,monitoring and follow-up of the postoperative patients with non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Serum CYFRA21-1 was determined by radioimmunoassay for 207 patients with NSCLC before and after surgical operation at Tongji Hospital,Shanghai.Relationship between serum CYFRA21-1 and the prognosis,recurrence and metastasis of lung cancer was analyzed retrospectively.Results The patients were followed-up for 37 months in average.Preoperative serum CYFRA21-1 was positive in 42.0% (87/207) of all the cases,48.8% (60/123) of squamous cell earcinama and 34.6% (27/78) of adenocarcinoma,with statistical significance (X~2=3.901,P

OBJECTIVE: To accumulate experience for dated forensic matter analysis, for example, Mummy. METHODS: DNA are extracted by methods of phenol-chloroform and are purified by Wizard DNA clean-up system. The STRs locus are ampolification with Promega Powerplus 16 system. The mtDNA hypervariable region 1 (HV1) is amplificated by '3 pair primers'. The products were sequenced with 377 DNA sequencer. RESULTS: The STRs locus very distinctness and mtDNA sequence is correct. CONCLUSION It is a valuable method for special forensic matters.
Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics* ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics* ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mummies ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods*

Objective To determine the prevalence rates and risk factors of hyperuricemia(HUA) and gout among residents aged over 20 years in Foshan areas. Methods A randomly stratified cluster sampling was conducted, and 7403 inhabitants were investigated on their prevalence rates of HUA and gout. Results (1) The prevalence of HUA was 15.09%, and the standardized rate was 15.27%, in which the prevalence in males was 19.90% and females was 10.54%. The prevalence of gout was 1.04% and the standardized rate was 1.08%,in which the prevalence in males was 1.73%and females was 0.39%. The prevalence of gout in patients with HUA was 6.89%. (2) Average serum uric acid was (336.4 ± 81.5) μmol/L, with (347.1 ± 88.6) μmol/L in males and (289.7±78.6) μmol/Lin females. The serum uric acid levels in male patients with HUA was higher than those in women.(3) Age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum uric acid, blood sugar, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol were significantly higher in patients with HUA and gout than in the normal group (P＜0.05-0.01). The incidence rates of patients with hyperuricemia and gout in the following indices as: overweight and obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P＜0.05). Patients having gout in the following indices as age, TG, serum uric acid levels were significantly higher than the HUA group (P＜0.05).(4) Data from non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that age, overweight, hypertension,diabetes, hyperlipidemia, use of diuretics, family history, alcohol uptake, eating seafood and drinking meat broth, post-menopausal women, and other factors were similar to those factors as patients with hyperuicemia. Tea, fresh vegetables, fruits seemed to be the protective factors. Conclusion Both the prevalence rates of HUA and gout had significantly increased in Foshan areas in recent years.Restricting the intake of food with rich purine, alcohol intake as well as controlling obesity and blood pressure, improving the status of lipid metabolic disorder together with programs as hypertension control etc. were important measures in the strategies on prevention and treatment on hyperuricemia and gout.

OBJECTIVETo prospectively analyze the correlation of MRI image characteristics with histopathological findings in pancreatic head carcinoma in vivo and ex vivo.

METHODSSixteen patients with pancreatic head carcinoma were examined by 1.5T MRI. MR sequences included pre-and post-contrast dynamic 2D FLASH T1WI, TSE T2WI + fat suppressed (FS). All fresh specimens were scanned again within an hour after resection during the Whipple procedure, and were then cut into slices along the direction of MRI scan. The MRI image characteristics were compared with gross and histopathologic findings of the specimens.

RESULTSThe tumor size ranged from 1.5 cm x 2.0 cm to 4.8 cm x 4.2 cm with a mean value of 3.6 cm x 3.1 cm. The MRI findings in vivo showed hypointensity in 14 lesions and isointensity in 2, and on 2D FLASH T1WI and TSE T2WI, all lesions displayed mixed intensity except 3 lesions with iso-intensity. During post-contrast dynamic pancreatic parenchymal phase, 15 lesions showed mild enhancement and 11 lesions had ring enhancement sign. Nine lesions displayed progressive irregular moderate enhancement during post-contrast dynamic hepatic phase. Four lesions showed enhancement with iso- and hyperintensity in post-contrast dynamic delayed phase. The MRI findings demonstrated that all lesions ex vivo had hypointensity on 2D FLASH T1 WI and mixed intensity on TSE T2WI + FS. Tumor tissues mainly displayed hypointensity, and the area containing tumor and inflammatory tissue showed iso-intensity on 2D FLASH T1WI. On T2WI + FS, the fibrosis proportion displayed hypo or isointensity, while the tumor and chronic inflammatory tissue demonstrated slight hyperintensity, and the zones of mucous degeneration or pancreatic ductal dilatation displayed hyper-intensity. The ring enhancement of tumor was caused by multiple factors and no obvious enhancement within tumor and fibrosis area were observed during post-contrast dynamic pancreatic parenchymal phase. Progressive irregular enhancement originated from desmoplastic reaction within the tumor during post-contrast dynamic hepatic phase and delayed phase, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPancreatic head carcinomas contain various kinds of tissues. MRI can reveal these pathologic characteristics. No obvious hemorrhage and necrosis within the tumor were observed in this series.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreas ; pathology ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Prospective Studies