Objective To summarize the clinical effects of retrograde intramedullary nail in treating distal femora| fracture. Methods Retrospectively analysed 52 cases of intereondyiar and supracondylar fracture of femur treated with retrograde intrameduUary nail. Results All cases were followed up for 6 to 24 months. All fracture were union except 2 reoperations cases had delay union. Conclusion Retrograde intrameduUary nail has supreme biological stability and allowed early exercise. It also can shorten operation time, reduce damage of periosteum and reduce delay union rate.

Objective To observe the influence of self-management on health care behavior through health education for patients with hypertension after a self-management model was brought to the communities. Methods There are 252 cases chosen randomly from 546 hypertensive patients in 19 communities to participate in the standard management of hypertension in communities voluntarily. They improve their self-management skills through attending lectures, the guidance of healthy lifestyle and self-management manuals. A scientific self-management methods was established and the support of the society and family was improved. The self-control method was used to analyze this study. Results There are significantly differents (P<0.05 ) in basic health knowledge understanding, self-management skills, and blood pressure control after health education compared with before. Conclusions Patients with health education can improve the self-management level. There are obvious effects on changing the bad lifestyle,improving blood pressure control rate, and decreasing the complication of patients with hypertension.

Respiratory viral infections are the most common cause of infantile wheezing, as well as one of the major inducents of acute exacebarbations of chronic childhood asthma. Recent studies focus on the mechanism of virus-induced airway inflammatory response which is still not completely clear. Many new pathophysiologic mechanisms such as epigenetics are advanced to explain the association between viral respiratory infections and asthma attack. In the present reports, recent data on the role of early-life viral infections in the development and progression of childhood asthma are reviewed.

Population pharmacokinetics(PPK),which is based on the principle of statistics,can be used to estimate various inter- and intra-individual factors which affect pharmacokinetics.By using Bayesian estimator,PPK can predict individual pharmacokinetic parameters accurately.PPK is widely used in the immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine,tacrolimus,mycophenolic acid and sirolimus.

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Cyclohexanones ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To study the effect of different therapies for posterior lumbar disc herniation.Methods A total of 8 000 patients with lumbar disc posterior surgery were enrolled in this research at our hospital.The technical points of the patients in different times were analysed.The results of the operation were observed.Results From January 1980 to December 1990,patients underwent laminectomy.From January 1991 to December 2000,patients were treated with laminectomy and semi-lamina.From January 2001 to December 2016,the open window accounted for 86.0％,expanding the window or semi-lamina accounted for 11.0％,and the whole laminar plate only accounted for 3.0％.After 2000,the accuracy of the diagnosis was 98.0％,the excellent rate of operation was 99.8％,the average operation time was(80±15)min,and the blood loss was(100±20)mL.Among them,the rate of I/A healing was 99.8％,dural tear rate was 4.0％,nerve root injury rate was 0.5％,and cerebrospinal fluid leakage rate was 0.9％.The incidence of complications in the cases after 2000 was significantly lower.Conclusion By summarizing the operation technique of posterior lumbar disc herniation,the operation error can be avoided and the incidence of complications of surgical injury can be reduced.

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is increasingly recognized as a global public health problem.Uncontrolled complications of CKD,especially cardiovascular diseases,contribute greatly to the premature death and unfavorable prognosis.Recent evidence shows that CKD complications may occur earlier than previously thought.CKD complications deserve early detection and active treatment.Periodical follow-up and regular check should be done to adjust the therapeutic condition.Clinical practice guideline or recommendation based on evidence-based medicine is essential for management of CKD complications.Personalized treatment should be considered to improve survival and quality of life,and to make patient return to society.

Many data show that hyperhomocysteinemia is correlated with the increased rate of cardiovascular diseases.Yet,there is controversy about the relationship between mild hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular diseases.Lots of study suggest that the concentration of plasma homocysteine was reduced by using folic acid in patients with cardiovascular diseases.But,the effect of folic aicd can not be identified from other factors reducing the concentration of plasma homocysteine.