We present fi ve cases of severe brainstem-spinal encephalomyelopathy suggestive of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders treated with or without intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The result shows that early IVIG is probably effective in preserving neurological function in cases with severe brainstem-spinal encephalomyelopathy suggestive of NMO spectrum disorders.

Bone Regeneration/*physiology ; *Bone Substitutes ; Bone and Bones/pathology ; Bone and Bones/surgery ; *Computer-Aided Design ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Organ Culture Techniques/*methods ; Tissue Engineering/*methods ; *Tomography, X-Ray Computed