Objective: To investigate prevalence of overweight, obesity and sleep duration and its associations among university students in Jiangxi Province, and to provide the basis for developing strategies for prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity among university students. Methods: Using the stratified random cluster sampling, 2 605 university students in 11 districts of Jiangxi Province were investigated with physical examination and questionnaire survey during September to October in 2019. Results: The detection rates of overweight obesity，obesity of university students in Jiangxi Province were 13.0% and 3.6%, respectively. The detection rates of overweightobesity，obesity of boys（20.8%, 6.0%） were higher than girls（8.4%, 2.1 %）（ χ 2=82.34，25.79， P < 0.01 ）. Significant differences were found in prevalence of overweightobesity and obesity by economic areas,with highest overweight obesity in high economic area(15.8%),followed by moderate(13.6%) and poor economicareas(10.3%),and highest obesity in high economic areas(5.6%),followed by poor(3.6%) and moderate economic areas(2.1%)（ χ 2=11.57，14.62， P <0.01）.The average sleep duration was (7.48±1.26) h/d.The rates of adequate sleep, insufficient sleep and excessive sleep were 69.1%,17.6% and 13.3 %, respectively .The average sleep time of boys[(7.61±1.46)h/d]was more than that of girls[(7.41±1.11)h/d]（ t =4.00， P ＜0.01）.The rate of insufficient sleep of boys (15.6%) was lower than that of girls (18.8%) ,the rate of insufficient sleep of boys ( 16.1 %) was higher than that of girls (11.6%) ,and the differences were statistically significant（ χ 2=12.38， P ＜0.01）.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of overweight and obesity，obesity in those with insufficient sleep was 1.41 times and 1.69 times that in those with sufficient sleep, respectively（ P ＜0.05）. Conclusion The problem of overweight and obesity of university students in Jiangxi Province is serious, and the problem of insufficient sleep is worrying, and insufficient sleep is a related factor for overweight and obesity among university students in Jiangxi Province. They should develop good sleep habits and ensure normal sleep time to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity.