Objective To find a grading method for assisting in evaluating hypoxia degree of patients with pulmonary heart disease non-invasively. Methods To design a quantitative method to score degree of hypoxia of 67 patients with pulmonary heart disease by using acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) as a frame and to make comparative analysis between the grading result and artery blood gas to find the correlation. Results There was a negative correlation between evaluation mark and pH、PaO2、SaO2 and a positive correlation between the evaluation mark and PaCO2, according to statistics. Conclusions Although the grading table of hypoxia evaluation can not substitute blood gas analysis, acting as a non-invasive method to assist in evaluating the hypoxia degree of patients with pulmonary heart disease, it can not only relieve patients' repeated punctuation pain, but also achieve the goal of estimating hypoxia.Consequently the non-invasive method to evaluate hypoxia is of clinical value.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Status Epilepticus ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology

Neuroanatomy knowledge is the key to improve the teaching quality of neurosurgery and anatomy teachers' participation in neurosurgery teaching can obviously improve teaching effect. Combined with case-based teaching, we enabled medical students to master the system knowledge from the basic to the clinical , cultivating their clinical thinking ability and the ability to solve clinical problems. Cooperation between clinical medicine teachers and basic medicine teachers can promote the update of knowledge, work out teaching plans together, and improve the quality of teaching.

Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice.However,the therapeutic effects of traditional antiarrhythmic medicines are far from satisfactory,because of the high rate of arrhythmia recurrence and the potential proarrhythmia effect.Recently,with the further investigation of the mechanisms that initiate and perpetuate atrial fibrillation,and the support of extensive data from clinical trials and animal experiments,thera-peutics based on anti-inflammation,antioxidation,regulation on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS)and gap junction may be new therapeutic targets for the treatment of arrhythmia.In this paper,the potential molecular mechanisms involved in these processes and several clinical trials about some non-traditional antiarrhythmic medi-cines were reviewed,in order to propose a new idea about the development of antiarrhythmic medicines.

Objective To study the expression of carbonic anhydrase 9(CA9) in clear cell renal carcinoma(ccRCC), and the relationship between the expression and recurrence .Methods Paraffin-embedded tissues from 53 ccRCC cases were collected during the past 3 years,and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CA 9.Fifty-three cases were followed up to evaluate the disease-free survival ( DFS) and recurrence .Association of CA9 expression with recurrence was then analyzed .Results Localized RCC recurred in eleven cases , the median DFS was 10 months, the integral optical density ( IOD) of the recurrent cases was 230 879 .84 ±64 878 .72 while the IOD of the thirteen nonrecurrent cases was much higher,444 993.31 ±146 946.27(P<0.01).Conclusion There might be a positive correlation between the low expression of CA9 and the recurrence of ccRCC .CA9 may help predict the ccRCC patients ’ prognosis.

Objective To discuss the predictable factors for the occurrence of intra-operative aneurysm rupture(IAR).Methods A total of 84 patients with 101 aneurysms treated by neurosurgical clipping from September 2009 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The statistic analysis was performed for the risk factors of IAR such as aneurysm location,aneurysm sac,dome/neck ratio,direction,pre-operative Hunt-Hess Scale,history of hypertension and operation time.Results Eighteen cases (21.4％) occurred LAR (18 (17.8％) of aneurysms) during the operations,2 patients (2.4％) died.Statistic analysis revealed that preoperative Hunt-Hess scale (P =0.042),history of hypertension (P =0.038),aneurysm sac (P =0.012),dome/neck ratio(P=0.027),direction (P =0.010) and operation time (P =0.002) were the predictable factors for the occurrence of IAR,while the location of aneurysm was not included (P =0.199).Conclusion The IAR may be the result of the synthesis of various factors in the occurrence of intracranial aneurysms clipping.Hypertension history,Hunt-Hess scale,direction,aneurysm sac,operation time and dome/neck ratio 1.78-2.89 are the predictable factors for the occurrence of IAR and the combination of various factors leads to the occurrence of IAR.

Objective To study the clinical diagnostic value of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ,cytokeratin(CK)19-2G2 and EB virus capsid antigen Ig (EB-VCA-Ig) combined detection for nasopharyngeal carcinoma .Methods Serum CEA ,CK19-2G2 and EB-VCA-Ig of 82 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (malignant group) ,65 patients with benign nasopharyngeal diseases (benign group) and 58 healthy people(control group) were detected .Chemiluminescence was employed to detect CEA and CK19-2G2 ,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to assay EB-VCA-Ig .Results Serum CK19-2G2 and EB-VCA-Ig concen-trations of patients in malignant group were higher than those in the benign group and control group ,respectively (P<0 .05) .The sensitivity and specificity of individual CK 19-2G2 detection for nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 48 .78% ,and 83 .74% ,respectively , those of CEA and EB-VCA-Ig combined detection were 53 .44% and 86 .99% ,respectively ,and those of three indicators combined detection were 71 .95% and 80 .49% ,respectively .Three indicators combined detection significantly increased the positive detection rates in patients with early and advanced stages .Conclusion CEA ,CK19-2G2 and EB-VCA-Ig combined detection possesses impor-tant value for nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis .

As an important inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNT-α) plays an important role in the process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. The discussion of the dynamic changes, the mechanism of neurotoxicity and antagonizing the therapeutic effect of TNF-α in the process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury will provide theoretical basis for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To investigate the levels of peripheral blood plasma M-ficolin/L-ficolin and their correlation with clinical indexes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods M-ficolin/L-ficolin was detected in the plasma of 61 RA patients who were grouped according to the disease activity and 18 healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The relationships between the levels of M-ficolin/L-ficolin and laboratory parameters,disease activity were investigated in RA patients.Statistical analysis were performed by t-test,one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),rank-sum test,correlation analysis was carried out with Pearson/ Spearman rank correlation test.Results ① M-ficolin levels in 61 RA patients were [M (QR) 39 (24) ng/ml] significantly higher than healthy controls (14±4) ng/ml (Z=-5.72,P＜0.05).L-ficolin levels in 61 RA patients were (1.7±0.6) μg/ml obviously higher than healthy controls (1.3±0.5) μg/ml (t=2.55,P=0.013).② The M-ficolin levels of 61 RA patients in low,mediate,high disease activity group were (21±5) ng/ml,[M(QR) 35(13) ng/ml),[M(QR) 50(25) ng/ml].There was significant difference among the three groups (P＜0.01).The L-ficolin levels of 61 RA patients in low、mediate,high disease activity group were (1.2±0.5) μg/ml,(1.7±0.4) μg/ml and (2.2±0.6) μg/ml.There was significant difference among the three groups (P＜0.05).(M-ficolin levels were positively correlated with disease activity score (DAS)28,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C reactive protein (CRP),rheumatoid factor (RF),white blood cell (WBC),Note Express User Tool (NEUT),MONO,blood platelet (PLT) (r=0.830,0.692,0.725,0.667,0.388,0.397,0.338,0.476,P＜0.05),L-ficolin levels were positively correlated with DAS28,ESR,CRP,RF,WBC,NEUT,MONO,PLT (r=0.653,0.593,0.630,0.468,0.254,0.302,0.312,0.340,P＜0.05).Conclusion M-ficolin/L-ficolin levels increase in RA patients and correlate with disease activity,which suggests that the complement system may play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To investigate the role of host derived matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the pathogenesis of pulpitis. Methods:The expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were examined by immunohistochemical method and the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured by gelatin zymography in 20 clinically healthy and 20 inflamed human dental pulps of extracted mandibular 3rd molars.Results:In clinically healthy and inflamed human pulps both MMP-2 and MMP-9 were expressed in odontoblasts and fibroblasts. The pro-MMP-9 was detectable in both inflamed and healthy pulps. The level of pro-MMP-9 was higher in inflamed pulps than that in the healthy(P0.05).Pro-MMP-2 and active MMP-2 were not detectable in the pulps of the two groups. Conclusion:MMP-9 may involve in the pathogenesis of pulpitis.