Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on myocardial nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB)and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in isolated rat hearts.Methods Twenty-four adult SD rats of both sexes weighing 200-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8 each):group Ⅰ control (C) ; group Ⅱ I/R and group Ⅲ propofol + I/R (P).The animals were anesthetized with intrxperitoneal urethane 1.0 g/kg and their hearts were excised.The aorta was cannulated and the hearts were retrogradely pedused with oxygenated K-H solution in a Langandorff apparatus for 20 min.In group C the hearts were continuously perfused with K-H solution for 110 min.In I/R group after 20 min stabilization the hearts were made globally ischemic for 30 min followed by 60 rain reperfusion.In group P the hearts were peffused with K-H solution containing 50 μmol/L propofol for 20 min,the hearts were then made globally ischemic for 30 min followed by 60 min repedusinn with K-H solution containing 50 μmol/L propofol.Cardiac troponinI (cTnI) concentration in coronary effluent was measured at the end of 20 min stabilization before myocardial isobemia (baseline) and at 10 min(T1) and 60 min (T2) of reperfusion.Myocardial specimen was obtained frem left ventricle at 60 min of repeffusion for determination of MDA content,SOD and iNOS activity,the expression of NF-κB and IκB (by immuno-histochemistry).Results The cTnI concentration in coronary effluent was significantly higher at T1 and T2 in group I/R and at T2 in group P than in group C.The NF-κB expression was significantly higher while IκB expression was lower in I/R and P group than in group C.iNOS activity was higher in I/R group than in control group but there was no significant difference in iNOS between group P and C.Propofol administered before and after myocardial ischemia significantly attenuated I/R-induced changes listed above.Conclusion Propofol can attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusien injury through reducing the NF-κB activation and suppressing the iNOS activity.

Obesity is one of the major risk factors of primary hypertension,with the dramatic increase in obesity.Obesity-induced hypertension also gradually increases.Due to promoting the occurrence and development of high blood pressure,obesity has caused wide public concern.In recent years,the pathogenesis of obesity-induced hypertension has become the study hotspot.However,fat and blood pressure relationship is complicated.This review article emphatically reviewed the activation of the sympathetic nervous system,the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation,insulin and insulin resistance,leptin and leptin resistance,the gastrointestinal tract anomalies in the pathogenesis of obesity hypertension of the latest research progress.

AIM: To study the signal transduction pathway of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells. METHODS: After establishing the model of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells, at the point of apoptosis initiation, molecular caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and Fas/FasL were measured with flow cytometry and transmission electron microscope. ERK2 and P38 expression in HL-60 cells were detected by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The model of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine was established in HL-60 cells. At the point of apoptosis initiation, upregulation of caspase-3 and decrease in Bcl-2/Bax were observed. However, the expression of Fas/FasL did not significantly change. ERK2 expression decreased and P38 expression increased. CONCLUSIONS: Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and mitogen activated protein kinase pathways were involved in signal transduction of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells. [

90% with better sparing of the surrounded normal tissue.However,the metastasis rate is still 20%-25%,which limits the improvement of overall survival(OS).To consolidate the local control rate and reduce the metastasis rate,it is necessary to combine chemotherapy with radiotherapy.According to clinical randomized studies and meta-analysis,chemotherapy can improve the OS of loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma by more than 6% with radiotherapy alone as baseline.Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy is the most promising strategy to cope with the disease.This review has summarized the progress in the area of combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for the treatment of loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate fluid distribution in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) by bioimpedance analysis and on the effect of adjusting the dry weight in hemodialysis patients.Methods Forty maintenance HD patients from the dialysis center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were enrolled as study group.One hundred and two individuals who were tested of physical examination in the same hospital were enrolled as the control group.Sex and age of the two groups were recorded.Body weight,body high,blood pressure,bioimpedance of HD patients (pre-dialysis and post-dialysis) and controls were measured.Bioimpedance was measured by multifrequency segmental bioimpedance analysis,including right arm (RA) bioimpedance,trunk (TR) bioimpedance and right leg (RL) bioimpedance.Bioimpedance ratio (BIR) of three parts was calculated as of 100kHz and 20kHz including RA-BIR,TR-BIR and RL-BIR.Then eight HD patients who had high RA-BIA or TR-BIA according to the reference range which were obtained from 102 controls were chosen for dry weight adjustment.Post-dialysis body weight,blood pressure,and bioimpedance of the eight HD patients were measured again after adjusting the dry weight.Results (1) BIR of three parts in pre-dialysis HD patients were all significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).BIR of three parts of the post-dialysis HD patients were still higher than that of the control group,but RL-BIR was not significantly (P ＞ 0.05).BIR of three parts of the post-dialysis HD patients were lower than BIR of three parts of the pre-dialysis HD patients,and there was significant different (P ＜ 0.05) with RA-BIR and RL-BIR.(2) After adjusting the dry weight,BIR of three parts of the post-dialysis HID patients were still higher than that of the control group,but none of them was significantly (P ＞0.05).BIR of three parts of the HD patients after adjusting the dry weight were lower than BIR of three parts of the HD patients before adjusting the dry weight,but there was no significant different with TR-BIR(P ＞ 0.05).After adjusting the dry weight,systolic blood pressure of the post-dialysis HD patients were significantly decrease[(150.00 ± 29.28) vs (140.63± 20.78) mm Hg,P＜ 0.05].Conclusions Bioimpedance analysis may be an effective method for adjusting dry weight in hemodialysis patients,and the bioimpedance of arms is the most effective method.The bioimpedance reference range of hemodialysis patients can be according to the reference range of normal individuals.

Heart rate variability(HRV)analysis and its circadian rhythm(CR)were determined in 58patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with lower extremity neuropathy(diabetic neuropathy group), 59 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without lower extremity neuropathy(diabetes group), and 50 healthy controls according to 24-hour Holter recording. Frequency domain parameters of HRV were significantly decreased in both diabetes groups. Frequency domain parameter of HRV in healthy controls,and daytime/nighttime difference were statistically significant. CR of HRV was changed in diabetes group and disappeared in diabetic neuropathy group. Impaired and seriously impaired autonomic nervous function developed in type 2 diabetes mellitus without and with lower extremity neuropathy respectively.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Tianqi Granule.Methods Radix Notoginseng in Tianqi Granule was identified by TLC.The ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoide R1 in Tianqi were determined by HPLC.Result Radix Notoginseng could be identified by TLC.The linear ranges of ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoide R1 were at 0.628～5.652 ?g(r =0.999 8)and 0.155～1.395 ?g(r =0.999 8),respectively.The average recoveries were 99.24%(RSD=0.84%)and 99.14%(RSD=1.13%).Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and with good reproducibility and high precision,and can be used for quality control of Tianqi Granule.

0.05). Conclusion Tangkening may be another therapy choice of Diabetes.

Objective We compared the effect of three anesthetic procedures on the establishment of and recovery effect on the young minipig models of skull defect,and explore an optimal anesthetic procedure for long-lasting surgical experiment in minipigs.Methods Thirty 3-month old Guizhou minipigs (male∶female=1∶1) were randomly divided into three groups,10 in each group.The group A was given with midazolam and ketamine i.p.,the group B received lumianning II i.p.,and the group C received midazolam combined with ketamine and lumianning II i.p.The induction time of anesthesia,the first anesthesia maintenance time,the first anesthesia maintenance period after additional use of anesthetics,the second time anesthesia maintenance period after additional use of anesthetics,the recovery period,the number of times of additional intraoperative use of anesthetics,cumulative amount of anesthetics used,and the adverse reaction and mortality rates of the animals after anesthesia were observed and analyzed.Results The anesthesia induction time in the group B was significantly longer than that in the groups A and C (P<0.05 for both).The anesthesia maintenance time and the anesthesia maintenance after first and second additional use of anesthetics in the groups A were significantly longer than those of the groups A and B (P<0.05 for both).The recovery periods in groups A and C were shorter than that of the group B (P<0.05 for both).The number of times of additional intraoperative use of anesthetics,the total dose of anesthetics,the adverse reaction and mortality rates in the group C were significantly lower than those of the groups A and B (P<0.05 for both).Conclusions The combination of midazolam with ketamine and lumianning II is a simple,easy to control the anesthesia depth,and a safe method to anesthetize young minipigs in long-lasting surgical experiment.