As a new learning method,mind map presents learning materials in a visual,radical and non-linear way.Application of mind map in teaching of pathophysiology could help teachers get the thread of textbook,enhance students'motivation for learning,help students get the main points and improve their efficiency.Mind map could make students think in a way of problem-based learning,and its advantage in training up divergent thinking could also develop students'innovation ability.

Arm lymphedema is a common and persistent complication of breast cancer surgery. Surgery or radiotherapy damages axillary lymphatic vessels and obstructs lymphatic reflux, leading to the accumulation of lymph fluid in the superficial soft tissues of the upper limbs and the subsequent formation of edema. Clinical treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema remains a worldwide problem. Currently, there is still no cure.

BACKGROUND:Decidua tissue is one of the most important sources of endometrial stem cel s, from which stromal stem cel s can differentiate into various kinds of cel s under contain inductions. OBJECTIVE:To observe the differentiation of endometrial stromal stem cel s isolated from early-pregnancy decidua into endometrial epithelial cel s. METHODS:Endometrial stromal stem cel s from early-pregnancy decidua were cultured, identified and directional y induced. Then induced cel s were randomized into test group cultured in conditioned medium and control group cultured in normal culture medium containing fetal bovine serum. Expression of keratin was detected by immunofluorescence assay and western bolt assay in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The endometrial stromal stem cel s from early-pregnancy decidua were successful y isolated and cultured, and presented with a S-shaped curve. Within 1-48 hours after inoculation, cultured cel s were in the adaptation phase;then, the cel s proliferated rapidly and began to grow logarithmical y at 48 hours after culture;after 60 hours of culture, the cel growth rate decreased, with a steady rise in the cel curve. Results from the flow cytometry detection showed that the endometrial stromal stem cel s could express CD73 and CD90, but not express CD34, CD45 and cytokeratin. Immunofluorescence findings showed the expression of keratin negative in the control group, and mostly positive in the test group. Besides, the relative expression of keratin in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). These results suggest that the endometrial stromal stem cel s can be isolated from the human decidua in early pregnancy, and differentiate into endometrial epithelial cel s by directional induction.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effect of Rifampicin Injection-Capsule sequential therapy for retreatment of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) at intensive stage.METHODS: 80 patients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis at intensive stage were enrolled: 40(treatment group) were randomly assigned to receive HZES plus Rifampicin Injection-Capsule sequential therapy,and another 40(control group) to receive HZES plus Rifampicin capsule.Follow-up of sputum negative conversion rate,pulmonary lesion,and toxcity were scheduled at the end of first and second month during intensified stage.RESULTS: At the end of first and second month during intensified stage,the sputum negative conversion rates were 82.5% and 97.5% respectively in the treatment group versus 65.0% and 85.0% respectively in control gorup;the X-ray imaging test of chests revealed that the responsive rates were 17.5% and 40.0% in the treatment groups versus 10.0%and 25.0% in the control group.At the end of second month,the cavity closure(or diminution) rate was 41.7% in the treatment group versus 22.7% in the control group;the incidence of hepatic lesion was 22.5% verus 25.0% and that of gastrointestinal tract toxcity was 20.0% versus 45.0%.CONCLUSION: Rifampicin Injection-Capsule sequential therapy was proved to be of rapid onset of effect,remarkable efficacy,less toxicity and satisfactory efficacy in controlling symptom,shortening bacterial clearance time,reducing side effects and treating severe TB.

0.05),an effective mA seconds in the experimental group(296.74?19.15)mAs,than in the control group 350 mAs was reduced about 15.4%(P

Objective To investigate the variation of coagulation parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients with microvascular complication. Methods Coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters were measured in 40 healthy controls (control group) and 80 T2DM patients (T2DM group) with (47 patients) and without (33 patients) microvasular complications. Results Compared with those in control group, the serum levels of fibrinogenand D-D dimmersin in T2DM group were found to be increased significantly:(4.29±1.70) mg/L vs. (3.12±0.49) mg/L, 0.395 (0.265-0.910) mg/L vs. 0.215 (0.163-0.300) mg/L, P<0.05;while the activity of antithrombin III and protein S levels were significantly decreased in T2DM group:(94.11±25.04)%vs. (103.90±12.48)%,(70.23±23.22)%vs. (90.35±17.35)%, P<0.05. Amongst the T2DM patients, the serum levels of APTT, fibrinogen,D-D dimmers, and the activity of protein S in patients with microvascular complication were found to be significantly higher than those in patients without microvascular complication:(38.09±5.73) s vs. (34.53±4.13) s,(4.60±1.93) mg/L vs.(3.86±1.21) mg/L, 0.630(0.320-1.200) mg/L vs 0.310(0.240-0.405) mg/L, (79.4± 22.16)%vs. (57.15±18.05)%, P<0.05. Conclusion Hypercoagulable state and decreased anti-coagulation ability may contribute to the risk of development of microvascular complication in T2DM patients.

Objective To explore the clinical implications of MSCT and reconstruction technique of Budd-chiari syndrome diagnosis. Methods Hepatic vein and intrahepatic inferior vena cava vascular morphology were shown by 55 cases of Budd-chiari syndrome with confirmed by ultrasound and clinic in nearly two years, which used the 64-row MSCT exami- nation in upper abdominal and enhanced scan, and reconstruction techniques that is included MPR and MIP etc. Results The compression and narrow signs of hepatic vein and intrahepatic inferior vena cava can be seen by reconstruction imag- ing with post -processing techniques, at the same time, these phenomena that are varying degrees of cirrhosis, splenomegaly, ascites, and esophageal varices can be displayed by Budd-chiari syndrome imaging in plain and enhanced CT images. Conclusion MSCT reconstruction techniques can be used to manifest clearly the appearance of hepatic vein and inferior vena cava, and have important diagnostic value and clinical significance.

Objective To evaluate the application effect of continuity care model for hospitalized infertile patients after discharging from hospital. Methods Select 108 cases of infertility patients were randomly divided into trial group and control group, each group of 54 cases, control group given routine nursing intervention, intervention group in conventional nursing care and treatment on the basis of implementing continuity nursing intervention, intervention 6 months after the evaluation of two groups of patients with anxiety, depression, quality of life, and pregnancies. Results The scores of SAS and SDS were (48.32 ± 11.28), (50.62 ± 11.20) points before in the intervention group, and after the intervention (34.63 ± 8.95), (37.68 ± 9.72) points, and there were significant difference(t=-5.478, P<0.05;t=-4.840, P<0.05);before in the intervention , the scores of SAS and SDS were (49.76±13.08), (48.64±12.23) points in the control group, and after the intervention (41.18 ± 12.84), (40.31 ± 10.12) points, and there were significant difference (t=-7.361, P<0.05;t=-4.840, P<0.05), and there were significant differences in two group after intervention (t=6.682, P<0.05;t=7.341, P<0.05). The scores of quality of life were significant differences after intervention in two group, and six months after the intervention, the experimental group intrauterine pregnancy rate is higher than the control group (χ2=46.790, P < 0.05). Conclusions Applying continuity care model e for hospitalized infertile patients can improve the psychological state, reduce depression and anxiety, increase the quality of life and rate of pregnancy.

Objective To explore the effects of the continuous quality improvement ( CQI) on recovery and health of patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD) .Methods The clinical data of 485 cases with CKD undergoing standard treatment from Jan .30th, 2012 to Dec.30th, 2012 in Shaoxing People's Hospital were retro-spectively analyzed .A professional team introduced four-step intervention of continuous quality change .The nu-tritional status, renal function changes , and patients'cognition and compliance with low protein diet before and af-ter treatment were compared .Results The nutritional status of patients significantly improved after the treat-ment.The patients with score ≥23 points increased 58.14%.After CQI intervention , urinary albumin/creati-nine (mg/g) was calculated and it was 82.17 before treatment and 64.23 after treatment.The difference had sta-tistical significance (t=11.321,P＜0.05).After the treatment, 82.06% patients understood low-protein diet concept .The treatment was implemented well and the overall data improved significantly .Conclusions CQI has beneficial effects on immunity and renal function recovery of patients with CKD .It can significantly improve the patients'nutritional status , and their cognition of low protein diet .

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; therapy ; Female ; Humans