Thirty-five cerebello-pontine angle lesions were diagnosed with simple skull X-ray, CT, and angiography atSeoul National University Hospital from Sept. 1978 through Aug. 1982. The radiographic findings were analysed withemphasis on the differential points of CT among the major three cerebello-pontine angle tumors; acousticneurinoma, meningioma and epidermoid. The results are as follows; 1. Among the 35 cases of cerebello-pontine anglelesions, 19 cases were acoustic neurinoma. 4 cases miningioma, 4 cases epidermoid, 2 cases metastasis, 1 caseschoroid plexus papilloma, 1 case arteriovenous malformation, and 3 cases intra-axial posterior fossa tumors. 2.The characteristic radiographic findings of acoustic neurinoma were windening of internal auditory canal, petrousbone erosion, posterior extension of tumor at the level of internal autidory canal, hypo or isodense mass onpre-contrast CT with high enhancement after intravenous contrast infusion, and cystic change within the mass. 3.Meningioma shows anterior extenstion of the lesion at the level of internal auditory canal, broad base and obtuseangle sign of the lesion with petrous bone, hyperdense mass on precontrast CT. with highly homogeneous enhancementafter intravenous contrast infusion. 4. Epidermoid characteristically shows hypodense mass on precontrast CT withno change after intravenous contrast infusion. 5. The differential points of the major 3 cerebello-pontine tumorswere bone change, mass location, attenuation , degree of attachment to petrous bone, and cystic change.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Infratentorial Neoplasms ; Meningioma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; Papilloma ; Petrous Bone ; Skull

Postoperative cheek cysts develop as a delayed complication of Caldwell-Luc operation, usually 10 to 20 years following the surgery. The general clinical presentations are swelling of the cheek, accompanied by dull maxillary facial pain and numbness. Enlarged postoperative cheek cysts infrequently protrude into the orbit and elevate the eyeball, causing double vision. Recently, we experienced two cases of exophthalmos caused by the protrusion of a postoperative cheek cyst into the orbit. One patient, a 39-year-old man, underwent Caldwell-Luc operation 21 years ago, and the other patient, a 53-year-old man, 36 years ago. We were able to secure an accurate measurement of the defective orbital floor using the preoperative 3-dimensional reconstruction CT scan. The postoperative cheek cyst was completely removed using the endonasal and transantral endoscopic approach, and the widely defective orbital floor was reconstructed with Medpor(R).
Adult ; Cheek* ; Diplopia ; Exophthalmos* ; Facial Pain ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Middle Aged ; Orbit ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Stents

Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis is characterized by the coexistence of pigmentary and vascular nevi, which are occasionally associated with systemic organ involvement. We report a 12-year-old male, who showed bilateral nevus of Ota on the forehead, periorbital area, sclera and soft palate, nevus of Ito on the scapular area, mongolian spot on the sacral area and widespread nevus flammeus. He was also associated with congenital temporal alopecia on the lower portion of left temporal region since birth.
Alopecia* ; Child ; Forehead ; Humans ; Male ; Mongolian Spot ; Neurocutaneous Syndromes* ; Nevus ; Nevus of Ota ; Palate, Soft ; Parturition ; Port-Wine Stain ; Sclera

No abstract available.
Masticatory Muscles* ; Trismus*

It is well established that mast cell proliferation and maturation are regulated by two principle cytokines, IL-3 and the c-kit ligand stem cell factor (SCF). Previous reports have demonstrated that bone marrow-derived IL-3-dependent mast cells exhibit the characteristic apoptosis on removal of IL-3. To know how the number of mast cells is controlled, we observed the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the murine bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMC). Apoptosis was measured by the analysis of flow cytometric data and electrophoretic evidence of DNA fragmentation. Our data showed that sodiurn nitroprusside (SNP)-a NO releasing substance- induced apoptosis in BMCMC. Cell cycle analysis showed that the number of the G,/G, and S phase decreased markedly, while the percentage of cell in G,/M phase was increased. Also, SNP alone induced cell death, whereas SNP in combination with SCF markedly decreased cell death of BMCMC. SNP-induced apoptosis was partially inhibited by the treatment of BMCMC with SCF. Our results suggest that NO might have sorne role in the regulation of the number of mast cells.
Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow* ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Death ; Cytokines ; DNA Fragmentation ; Interleukin-3 ; Mast Cells* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Nitroprusside ; S Phase ; Stem Cell Factor

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Keratinocytes*

Thirty three cases with agenesis of the corpus callosum were reviewed from the base of brain CT findings for last 7 years. Clinical features, associated clinical anomalies and CT findings were also analysed and the embryological basis for agenesis of the corpus callosum were reviewed from the literature.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum* ; Brain ; Corpus Callosum ; Embryology

PURPOSE: The goal of the present study was to find out whether blockade of GABAergic synaptic transmission by bicuculline (BIC) in the presence of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) would lead to expression or suppression of epileptiform activity in the immature brain and to observe the effect of commonly used anticonvulsants (valproic acid (VPA), carbamazepine (CBZP)) and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxalinedione (CNQX) on that epileptiform activity. METHODS: The visual cortex slices were obtained from 14-18 day-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Extracellular cellular recording was performed to observe the induction of epileptiform activity perfused by artificial CSF (ACSF) with combined application of BIC and 4-AP and the effect of VPA, CBZP and CNQX on that epileptiform activity for at least 1 hour. RESULTS: Epileptiform activity perfused by ACSF with combined application of BIC and 4-AP was insensitive to commonly used anticonvulsants (VPA, CBZP) and sensitive to CNQX. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the epileptiform activity induced by combined application of BIC and 4-AP is present even in immature visual cortex slices. And, the blockade of GABAergic inhibition by BIC under 4-AP showed the increase of immature brain excitability as mature brain. The attenuation of that epileptiform activity by a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) antagonist (CNQX) showed that AMPA receptor had relevance to the induction of that epileptiform activity.
4-Aminopyridine ; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid* ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants* ; Bicuculline* ; Brain ; Carbamazepine ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, AMPA ; Seizures ; Synaptic Transmission ; Visual Cortex*

PURPOSE: Acute administration of non-selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor such as imipramine and selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, like fluoxetine leads, to an increase of extracellular 5-HT concentration in the brain. We sought to determine the average time spent asleep, the frequency of REM sleep, and the percent of REM and NREM sleep in the total sleep time in saline (sham-treated control) (n=6), imipramine (n=8), or fluoxetine (n=6)-treated animals. METHODS: Right and left cortical and hippocampal electrodes were placed in 10-15 day old Sprague-Dawley rats. The following day 2 hour video EEG recordings were done to monitor sleep induced by intraperitoneal injection of saline, imipramine (10mg/kg), or fluoxetine (10mg/kg) after getting a baseline EEG during 30 minutes. And data were analyzed using t-test. RESULTS: 1) Following intraperitoneal injection of saline, imipramine, or fluoxetine, there were no epileptiform features or changes in the EEG except for a difference in sleep cycling. 2) The percent of average time spent asleep was significantly greater for control (87.8%) and fluoxetine-treated animals (92%) compared to imipramine-treated animals (66.1 %) (p<0.005). 3) The average frequency of REM sleep was 11.2 in control, 0.1 in imipramine-treated animals, and 8.7 in fluoxetine-treated animals, respectively during the 2 hours. And the frequency of REM sleep was significantly less for imipramine-treated animals compared to control (p<0.002). 4) Control animals (41.2%) spent significantly less time in NREM sleep compared to imipramine (98.8%)- and fluoxetine (93%)-treated animals (p<0.0001) and significantly more time (58.8%) in REM sleep compared to both imipramine (1.2%)- and fluoxetine (7%) treated animals (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: We confirmed that postnatal 10-15 day old rats spent more time in REM sleep than NREM sleep, and acute administration of imipramine or fluoxetine increased NREM sleep by decreasing the frequency and the duration of REM sleep by 5-HT reuptake inhibition in the brain.
Animals ; Brain ; Electrodes ; Electroencephalography ; Fluoxetine* ; Imipramine* ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; Sleep, REM