OBJECTIVE: We examined the vasoconstricting poperties of endothelin (ET) on isolated arteries from pregnant as well as non-pregnant uterus. METHODS: Arteries of the uterus were obtained from both hysterectomized uterus and during pregnany hysterectomy for control group and cesarean section for pregnant group. Rings of uterine artery were suspended on muscle chambers at their optimal length for generating tension and contractile properties were examined. RESULTS: ET-1 and ET-2 induced concentration-dependent constriction of both isolated arterial strips from non-pregnant and pregnant uterus. The contraction to ET-1 and ET-2 were more enhanced in full-term pregnancy. Furthermore, in pregnant group, sarafotoxin S6c and IRL 1620, ET. agonists, induced a dose-dependent contraction, which was not shown in those from non-pregnant human. Pretreatment of human uterine arterial strips from pregnant uterus with BQ610, an ET. antagonist, for 10 min resulted in a dose-related rightward shift of ET-1 response curve with diminution of maximal response. Schild plot analysis yielded a pA value of 7.29 with a slope of 0.98. However, BQ788, an ET antagonist, did not produce any rightward shift. The contraction to lower concentration (10-8~3*10-7 M) of sarafotoxin S6c was not affected by BQ788, whereas that to higher concentration (10-s-8*10-7 M) was marked diminished. However, BQ610 did not exnt any efFect on sarafotoxin S6c-induced contraction in arterial staips from pregnant uterus. When the bath solution was replaced with Ca-free physiological salt solution (PSS) containing 1 mM EGTA for 10 min prior to adding sarafotoxin S6c, sarafotoxin S6c-induced contraction was completely abolished. Sarafotoxin S6c (10 nM)-induced contraction was prefetentially blocked by a protein kinase C antagonist, H-7, whereas it was less sensitive to a calmodulin antagonist, calmidazolium, CONCLUSION: Based on above results, we concluded that ET plays an important role in regulating uterine blood flow through the activation of ETa and ETB receptors. Furthermote, ETB receptors may predominantly contribute to the modulation of human uterine circulation in full-term pregnancy.
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine ; Arteries* ; Baths ; Calmodulin ; Cesarean Section ; Constriction ; Egtazic Acid ; Endothelin-2 ; Endothelins* ; Female ; Humans* ; Hysterectomy ; Pregnancy ; Protein Kinase C ; Receptors, Endothelin ; Uterine Artery ; Uterus*

There has not been any report on massive air-containing liver abscess in diabetic patients, although emphysematous cholecystitis or pyelonephritis is a well-known complication in them. Authors report two cases of emphysematous liver abscess in diabetic patient, which showed typical findings of massive air-containing hepatic abscess on ultrasonography and computed tomography, but very poor progrosis in spite of immediate and successful percutanoeus drainage procedure.
Drainage ; Emphysematous Cholecystitis ; Humans ; Liver Abscess* ; Liver* ; Pyelonephritis ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the roles of ET in the regulation of peripheral vascular tone, we studied the effect of hyperlipidemia on vascular responsiveness in femoral arteries from rabbits with control groups of rabbits and test groups receiving a hyperlipidemic diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: New Zealand Whites were anesthetized with pentobabital and killed by exsanguination from the femoral arteries. Arteries which were suspended on muscle chambers at their optimal length for contractile properties, were examined. RESULTS: 1. After 14-16 weeks of cholesterol-rich diet, plasma cholestrol and HDL levels were significantly higher in the hyperlipidemic rabbits than in the control rabbits. There was no significant difference in the triglyceride levels between the two groups. 2. The contractions caused by 60 mM KCI in the femoral arterial strips were significantly augmented (P<0.01). The contractile responses to phenylephrine or angiotensin II were also augmented, whereas 5-hydroxytryptamine or U46619- induced contraction was not affected by the hyperlipidemic diet. 3. In control rabbits, ET-1 and ET- 2 contracted femoral arteries in a concentraction-dependent manner, whereas sarafotoxin S6c and IRL 1620 had no effect. 4. Contractions caused by ET-1 and ET-2 were significantly diminished by hyperlipidemia. 5. ET-1-induced concentration-response curves were inhibited by BQ-610, but not affected by BQ-788 in the femoral arterial strips from control and hyperlipidemic rabbits. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ET is involved in the regulation of vascular tone in peripheral arteries and ETA receptor subtypes are mainly present in rabbit femoral arteries. Further more, ET-induced contraction is attenuated in hyperlipidemic rabbit, and the attenuated responses might be caused at least in part by the alteration of ET receptors (e.g. desensitization).
Angiotensin II ; Arteries ; Diet ; Endothelin-2 ; Endothelins* ; Exsanguination ; Femoral Artery* ; Hyperlipidemias ; New Zealand ; Phenylephrine ; Plasma ; Rabbits* ; Receptors, Endothelin ; Serotonin ; Triglycerides

Immunoblot analysis utilizing bovine sera from naturally or experimentally infected with Theileria sergenti were used to determine the immunodominant polypeptides of T. sergenti (Korea isolate).The previously recognized major bands, 18 kDa, 29 kDa, 34 kDa, and 45 kDa, were excised after electrophoresis and trasferred to PVDF membrane. The individual bands were sequenced. The 34 kDa polypeptide which was the most antigenic and immunogenic peptide was observed in the Western blot. However, Chou-Fasman prediction sites (antiginic site) for antigen determinants of the 45 kDa,34 kDa, 29 kDa and 18 kDa polypeptide were 6, 4, 2 and 0, respectively. However, the 45 kDa polypeptide showed no reaction with anti-T. sergenti hyperimmune serum.
parasitology-protozoa ; Theileria sergenti ; amino acid sequence ; synthetic peptide ; predicted antigenic value ; amino acid

The role of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is characterized by the ability to maintain tone and to relax allowing the passage of a bolus. It is known that LES relaxation during swallowing may be induced by the cessation of the tonic neural excitation and the activation of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) inhibitory neurons. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that the relaxation of the smooth muscle is mediated primarily by the elaboration of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) via activation of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase, respectively. It is thus possible that cyclic nucleotides might be a second messenger involved in neural stimulation-induced relaxation of LES, although a relationship between relaxation and changes in cyclic nucleotides after neural stimulation has not been established. The present study was performed to define the participation of cyclic nucleotides in the relaxation of LES of dog in response to neural stimulation. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) caused relaxation of the canine isolated LES strips in a frequency-dependent manner, which was eliminated by pretreatment with tetrodotoxin (1 micrometer), but not by atropine (100 micrometer), guanethidine (100 micrometer) and indomethacin (10 micrometer). The nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, N-G-nitro-L-arginine, N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and N-G-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibited EFS-induced relaxation. Additions of sodium nitroprusside, a nitrovasodilator and forskolin, a direct adenylate cyclase stimulant, caused a dose-dependent relaxation of LES smooth muscle. Effects of sodium nitroprusside and forskolin were selectively blocked by the corresponding inhibitors, methylene blue for guanylate cyclase and N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) for adenylate cyclase, respectively. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP and dibutyryl cyclic GMP caused a concentration-dependent relaxation of the LES smooth muscle tone, which was not blocked by NEM or methylene blue, respectively. However, both NEM and methylene blue caused significant antagonism of the relaxation in LES tone in response to EFS. EFS increased the tissue cyclic GMP content by 124%, whereas it did not affect the tissue level of cyclic AMP. Based on these results, it is suggested that one of the components of canine LES smooth muscle relaxation in response to neural stimulation is mediated by an increase of cyclic GMP via the activation of guanylate cyclase. Additionally, an activation of cyclic AMP generation system was, in part, involved in the EFS-induced relaxation.
Adenosine ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; Animals ; Atropine ; Bucladesine ; Colforsin ; Cyclic AMP ; Cyclic GMP ; Deglutition ; Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP ; Dogs* ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower* ; Ethylmaleimide ; Guanethidine ; Guanosine ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Indomethacin ; Methylene Blue ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neurons ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitroprusside ; Nucleotides, Cyclic* ; Relaxation* ; Second Messenger Systems ; Tetrodotoxin

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) is a systemic disease of unknown etiology. Its main pathology is vasculitis and serositis, due to deposition of the immune complex or antibodies. Most findings are nonspecific ; abdominal manifestations include enteritis, hepatomegaly, pancreatic enlargement, serositis, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly,nephritis, interstitial cystitis, and thrombophlebitis. We described radiologic findings of various organinvolvement of SLE; digestive system, serosa, reticuloendothelial system, urinary system, and venous system.Diagnosis of SLE was done according to the criteria of American Rheumatism Association. Understanding of thevariable imaging findings in SLE may be helpful for the early detection of abdominal involvement andcomplications.
Antibodies ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Cystitis, Interstitial ; Digestive System ; Enteritis ; Hepatomegaly ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mononuclear Phagocyte System ; Pathology ; Rheumatic Diseases ; Serositis ; Serous Membrane ; Thrombophlebitis ; Vasculitis

Isoconazole nitrate is one of the broad-spectrum antimycotic agents recently developed from imidazole derivatives. Authors performed ulticenter trials to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Travogen and Travocort in superficial fungal diseases. In the usual superficial fungal diseases, Travogen was applied 4 weeks. In the inflammatory and eczematoid superficial fungal diseases, Travocort was applied 2 weeks initially and then followed by 2 weeks application of Travogen. One hundred and ninty one patients with superficial fungal diseases were included in this study during g months from December, 1982 to August, 19$3 The obtained results were as follows; The overall cure rate of Travogen and Travocort in each superficial fungal diseases were gl 7g (tinea pedis), 98. L% (tinea cruris), 1ppg, (tinea corporis), 9g. 100% (tinea manus), 1ppg (tinea capitis) and 1pgg (candidiasis) respectively. Trichophyton rubrum(51. 3%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes(29.3g), Tricho -countinue-
Humans ; Trichophyton

PURPOSE: To study the CT patterns of left lobar atrophy, including pathologic and hemodynamic features, incases of primary biliary disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT findings of left hepatic lobar and segmental atrophyin 26 patients with histologically or radiologically-proven underlying bile-duct disease were reviewed. Seventeen cases were oriental cholangiohepatitis (OCH) with left intrahepatic stones and nine were cholangiocarcinomainvolving the hilar or left hepatic bile duct. The distribution and appearance of atrophy and adjacent lobarhypertrophy were studied. CT scans were examined for the presence of stenosis or obstruction of the left portalvein, and the enhancing pattern of lobar atrophy was analysed. In patients who had undergone left lobectomy, themechanism of lobar atrophy was correlated with radiographic and pathologic features. RESULTS: All patients showedbile duct dilatation localized to atrophic left hepatic segments. In cholangiocarcinoma, the distribution ofatrophy was characteristically lobar, in contrast to segmental distribution in OCH. Compensatory hypertrophy wasmore common in OCH and particularly involved the caudate lobe. Organic and functional occlusion of the left portalvein was a cause of atrophy, even in OCH. Periportal fibrosis and inflammation were the main pathological featureof atrophy. On spiral CT scan, delayed enhancement of atrophic liver parenchyma was the characteristic feature. CONCLUSION: Lobar or segmental left hepatic lobe atrophy is seen in bile duct disease caused by OCH orcholangiocarcinoma. This finding suggests that the disease process is advanced, and that there is obstruction ornarrowing of the left portal vein, associated with periportal fibrosis and inflammation.
Atrophy* ; Bile Duct Diseases ; Bile Ducts ; Biliary Tract Diseases* ; Biliary Tract* ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Cholangitis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Fibrosis ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Inflammation ; Liver ; Portal Vein ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary malignant hepatic neoplasm. We describe twocases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma which initially presented as liver abscess both clinically andradiologically. Mucin-hypersecretion from the tumor cells and extensive necrosis or secondary bacterial infectionwas responsible for the radiologic appearance of a liver abscess.
Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Liver Abscess* ; Liver Neoplasms ; Liver* ; Necrosis

Emphysematous gangrene of the lower extremity in a diabetic patient due to minor trauma is being presented. The gas originating from the extremity extended along to fascial planes into the pelvic cavity, scrotal region, retroperitoneal space, and abdominal wall. CT demonstrated the pathways of upward extension of emphysematousgangrene. Anatomic pathways of the spread of the disease are insertions of the iliopsoas, piriformis and obturator internus muscles, and their fascial investments, and the endopelvic fascia. Anatomic pathways on CT and the roleof CT are discussed.
Abdominal Wall ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Gangrene* ; Humans ; Investments ; Lower Extremity* ; Muscles