No abstract available.
Stroke*

During last 10 years we experienced 25 cases of C.N.S. cysticercosis. Now clinical analysis and evaluation of our cases were made and the results are followings; 1. Prevalence in man and women are nearly same and about 70% of cases are distributed between 20-50 years old. 2. According to Nieto's classification, mostly are ventricular (44%) and parenchymal type (36%). 3. Clinical manifestations were IICP (92%), focal neurological deficits (68%), seizure (48%), altered mental status (36%) and others listed on table 7. 4. In ventricular type, IICP and cerebellar dysfunction signs were predominated but seizure and focal neurological deficits were commonly seen in parenchymal type. 5. Subcutaneous cysticercus nodules were palpated in 32% of cases. 6. Positive stool ova was observed in 29% of cases. 7. Radiologic studies revealed as followings: 16% of cases showed abnormal findings on plain film, 84% on angiography, 94% on ventriculography and 100% on computed tomography and myelography. Computed tomography looks like most helpful diagnostic method for C.N.S. cysticercosis, they usually revealed lucent cystic lesion, hydrocephalic findings and contrast enhancement. 8. Suboccipital craniectomy, craniotomy with removal of parenchymal cyst or laminectomy were done according to location and types of lesion. 72% of operated cases revealed good results and mortality was 4% of cases.
Angiography ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Classification ; Craniotomy ; Cysticercosis* ; Cysticercus ; Female ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Methods ; Mortality ; Myelography ; Ovum ; Prevalence ; Seizures

Unilateral absence of the articular process at a lumbar vertebra is a rare anomaly. The etiology of the congenital absence of articular process is not precisely determined yet, but it was explained as some of the possible embryologic bases. Absence of the articular process at the level of L5-Sl have been reported a few, but anomaly above L4 is rare. We are reporting a case of absence of articular process at the level of the 4th lumbar vertebra.
Spine

Most patients who have spondylolysis dont's need surgical treatment. However, for the patients who have no response to conservative treatment, surgical treatment may be indicated. In 1970, Buck reported the operative technique that the used two screws between the pars defect and lamina followed by bone graft. In patients who have spondyloysis, pain in the back seems to be due to instability and irritation of nerve root by the abnormal motion of the loose neural arch and granulation tissue. For period of 7 years from May, 1984 to March, 1991, twelve patients with spondyloysis who had no response to conservative treatment were treated with Buck's operation and were analyzed. Following results were obtained: 1. The age of the patients was 24 years in average ranging from 14 to 40 years. 2. The level of the lesion was L5 in 10 cases, L4 in 2 cases. 3. Preoperative clinical feature included low back pain in 12 cases, refered pain in 2 cases. 4. Clinical sympotoms were improved in 83%, and the follow up result of the operation: excellent 16.7%, good 66.6% and poor 16.7%.
Follow-Up Studies ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Spondylolysis ; Transplants

Histopathological diagnosis of brain stem glioma should be performed for the purpose of the determination of its management and clinical course, but its surgical biopsy has been followed by high mortality and morbidity. We performed the tissue sampling for histological examination with BRW stereotaxic system under local anesthesia successfully.
Anesthesia, Local ; Biopsy* ; Brain Stem* ; Brain* ; Diagnosis ; Glioma* ; Mortality

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

Small cell osteosarcoma is a rare form of osteosarcoma and the histological differential diagnosis from other small round cell tumors (SRCTs) is difficult. The immunohistochemical stain for MIC2 has been considered an useful diagnostic marker for Ewing's sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors but recently, other SRCTs such as malignant lymphoma and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma also showed positive reaction. Therefore, the usefulness of MIC2 must still be proven. We experienced a case of small cell osteosarcoma of the mandible in a 25-year-old man. Histologically, the tumor consisted of small round cells that resembled those of Ewing's sarcoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells expressed diffuse strong positive reaction for MIC2 gene products. However, the scanty foci of lacy osteoid material between the tumor cells seemed to be diagnostic of osteosarcoma. The histologic and immunohistochemical findings of this case suggest close relationship between small cell osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma.
Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Mandible ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; Osteosarcoma* ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; Sarcoma, Ewing*

Owing to their rarity and the preferential use of CT scanning in the evaluation of trauma cases, the diagnosis of traumatic aneurysms is usually missed. Because the lesion are mostly false aneurysm resulting from injury to all vascular layer, about 90% of this lesion bleed within first 3 weeks after trauma and one-half of the patients who experience this bleeding die; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are the most essential. The diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and subsequent angiography. The diagnosis needs to be entertained in any patient who deteriorates by delayed cerebral hemorrhage in the period after severe closed or penetrating head injury. Angiographically, traumatic aneurysms usually have poorly defined necks, are not usually at bifurcation sites, are irregular shaped, and have delayed filling and emptying of sac. Traumatic aneurysm tend to increase in size, therefore immediate surgical exclusion is recommended. Current alternative treatment of traumatic aneurysms involves occlusion of the main artery through the use of endovascular techniques, with either detachable balloons or GDC. In intolerable case to occlusion test, it need EC-IC bypass surgery before occlusion. Surgery is a treatment of choice for traumatic aneurysms in distal locations. The outcome seems to depend on severity of the initial head injury.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Endovascular Procedures ; Head Injuries, Penetrating ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Neck ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The authors anaylzed 244 cases of good grade(Hunt-Hess I or II) intracranial aneurysm patients who underwent surgery between January 1984 to May 1995. Unfavorable outcome according to the Sundt scale, included surgical results which were fair or poor, and also patients who died, and was more prevalent in patients aged over 60, those with a history of hypertension, or in whom a basal blood clot thicker than 3mm, as seen on brain CT scan, or intraventricular hemorrhage was present. The main cause of unfavorable surgical outcome was technical failure(47%), and the other causes were delayed vasospasm, cerebrovascular accident(CVA) and hydrocephalus. The results suggest that in good-grade aneurysm(grade I or II), prudent surgical techniques, aggressive early treatment for vasospasm, the prevention of perioperative CVA, and proper management of hydrocephalus lead to a better outcome.
Aneurysm* ; Brain ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Joints*