STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-fiye thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fractures treated with pedicle screw instrumentation were assessed on loss reduction. OBJECTIVE: To compare the mechanical results of simple posterior fixation and posterior fixation with anterior augmentation by anterior interbody fusion, disc space fusion or longer construct. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Althrough the pedicle screw instrumentation provides good mechanical stability, two segment fixation without anterior column augmentation may not be adequate to withstand the repeated axial load. METHODS: Fifteen patients were treated with two segment fixation alone(Group 1), seven with anterior interbody fusion(Group 2), another seven with disc space fusion(Group 3) and remaining six with longer construct involving two segments abode the fracture(Croup 4). Change of anterior body height, upper disc height, lower disc height, kyphotic angle, inter-screw angle and gross screw bend- ing were measured using post-operative and follow-up lateral radiographs. RESULTS: Comparing the two groups(Croup 1 Ys. Group 2, 3, 4), the Group 1 showed definitely more loss of reduction than those groups which had anterior augmentation. But, loss of anterior body height was not significantly different. Comparing the four groups, loss at upper and lower disc height was significantly greater in the Group 1 than the Group 2. Change of kyphotic angle was significantly higher in the Group 1 than the Group 4 and change of inter-screw angle was also higher in the group 1 than every other group. Seyen patients in the Group 1 showed gross screw bending, but none in the Group 2, 3 and 4. All the seven patients with screw bending showed loss of inter-screw angle more than 5 . CONCLUSIONS: These results mean that anterior column augmentation is necessary for the treatment of thoraco-lumbar burst fracture. All the three methods(Group 2,3,4) are effective to prevent excessive loss of correction and screw bending. The best method should be selected considering the characters of each fracture.
Body Height ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

No abstract available.
Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Fetal Movement* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Music* ; Pregnancy

In the special cases that iris was not naturally prolapsed from the ab externo incision at the peripheral iridectomy for glaucoma(Barkan, Scheie), the iris could be easily drawn out by applying the iris suction which was designed by author. Kong iris suction is similar to the Bell erisophake, but the cup of the iris suction is transparent so that the prolapsing process through the wound could be seen. The peripheral iridectomy with smallest size of the scleral incision can be performed uing the iris suction without introducing the iris forsceps into chamber.
Iridectomy ; Iris* ; Suction* ; Wounds and Injuries

Author has designed one of the lacrimal vinyl tube which is shaped like the root of the grass (Fig 1) and also an artificial nasolacrimal duct which can be inserted into the man's nasolacimal duct through the nose (Fig 6). It is obtained good result by inserting the root- type vinyl tube the nasolacrimal duct in the cases of the obstruction on the nasolacrimal duct, which is for making permanent lacrimal intubation. Experiment has proved there were no any troubles in the normal nasolacrimal duct by inserting the artificial nasolacrimal duct into the normal man's.
Intubation ; Nasolacrimal Duct* ; Nose ; Poaceae

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pneumonectomy* ; Respiratory Function Tests*

No abstract available.
Heart Valve Diseases* ; Heart Valves* ; Heart*

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Female* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Ulcer*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cadmium Poisoning* ; Cadmium* ; Olfactory Mucosa* ; Rats*