The effects of acute carbon monoxide poisoning on the hepatic blood flow were studied in mongrel dogs. In this study dogs were divided into two groups, namely control and experimental, and the hepatic blood flow measured by the determination of the fractional clearance of the intravenously administered colloid 198Au. In the experimental group carbon monoxide poisoning was induced by the rebreathing of about 2% CO gas mixture for 15 minutes, and the hepatic blood flow was measured before and 30 minutes after the completion of the rebreathing of the gas mixture. The hepatic blood flow in the experimental group showed a insignificant relative increase compared to that in the control group. The alteration of the mean value of the hepatic blood flow following carbon monoxide poisoning appeared proportionate to that of the cardiac index, and inversely proportionate to those of the femoral artery mean pressure and the total peripheral resistance. However, the individual value of hepatic blood flow revealed no correlation with any of these hemodynamic measurements.
Animals ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning* ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Colloids ; Dogs ; Femoral Artery ; Hemodynamics ; Vascular Resistance

No abstract available.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Meta-Analysis as Topic

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) and surgical septal myotomy-myectomy are two treatment options for patients with drug-resistant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy & a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. The clinical courses, after nonsurgical and surgical septal myotomy-myectomy, are described in 3 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that continued to be symptomatic following medical management. SUBJECTS AND MEHTODS: 3 patients (2 women, 1 man), with symptomatic drug-refractory obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, were the subjects of this study. One patient underwent a PTSMA by injection of ethanol into the septal perforator branches of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and 2 a surgical myotomy-myectomy. Examinations of the early and late follow-up echocardiographic results were performed. RESULTS: Both treatment modalities significantly reduced the peak gradient across the LVOT (ablation : 85 to 7.7 mmHg, myectomy : 104 to 10 mmHg), and led to similar improvements in the New York Heart Association class (ablation : NYHA IV to II, myectomy : NYHA III or IV to NYHA I or II). One patient, who underwent a successful PTSMA, showed a temporary right bundle branch block on the ECG for several days following the PTSMA. At the 1-year follow-up, 2 patients were observed to have persistent symptomatic improvements, with no cardiac complications. CONCLUSION: Both a percutaneous septal myocardial ablation and a surgical myotomy-myectomy resulted in similar degrees of significant improvements of the left ventricular outflow tract obstructions, with improvements of the symptoms. Prospective studies are necessary to compare the long-term efficacy of these two treatment modalities.
Bundle-Branch Block ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Catheter Ablation ; Coronary Vessels ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Ethanol ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Humans ; Ventricular Outflow Obstruction*

No abstract available.
Schizophrenia*

No abstract available.
Peripheral Nerves* ; Regeneration*

Supracondylar Fractures of the femur are not as cammon as femoral neck or intertrochanteric fractures, but their treatment may be just as difficult. Few surgeons have had extensive experience with this complex fractures of uncommon frequency. Until a few years ago, conservative treatment was considered superior to internal fixation of supracondylar fractures of the femur in adults. However, the development of new fixation devices and techniques has, according to several investigations, improved the results of the treatment of these fractures. The following clinical results were shown by analysis of 27 cases of femoral supracondylar fractures experienced in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Capital Armed Forces General Hospital in the past 3 years from Jan. 1977 to Oec. 1979. 1. The most common cause of these fractures were traffic accidents. 2. Of 27 cases, 11 cases were treated by conservative method, 16 cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. 3. Anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation led to 80% of good to excellent results whereas only 33.4% of good to excellent results were obtained in patients in whom the fixation was not absolutely rigid. 4. In the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the femur, anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation (80% of good to excellent results) resulted in better functional recovery after union of fractures than conservative treatment (45.5%).
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Arm ; Femur Neck ; Femur ; Hip Fractures ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Surgeons

No abstract available.
Leg* ; Skin*

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis results from bone loss due to menopause [estrogen(E) deficiency] and aging. Initial skeletal effect of menopause is accelerated bone resorption with an increase in seurm calcium(Ca) and compensatory but inadequate bone formation. Secretion of parathyroid hormone(PTH) is suppressed at this time. Postmenopausal osteoporosis results in fractures predominantly of trabecular bone, i.e., vertebra. With aging, secondary hyperparathyroidism by low serum Ca and vitamin D deficiency superim poses. Senile osteoporosis produces hip fractures, area of cortical bone. The aim of this study was to- examine the association of vitamin D[25(OH)D] and intact(i) PTH with bone mineral density(BMD) after controlling for suggested confounding factors, and the possibility of low serum vitamin D and high serum iPTH concentration could impact bone loss in Korean postmenopausal women. METHODS: Data from 188 postmenopausal Korean women aged 42 to 69 were analyzed through BMD, serum 25(OH)D, iPTH, Ca, phosphorus(P), alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and clinical characteristics. Factors affecting BMD was determined by Pearson correlation and the relationship between lumbar and femoral neck BMD and vitamin D[25(OH)D] and iPTH was assessed by multiple regression analysis after adjus- ting for suggested confounding factors. RESULTS: Lumbar and femoral neck BMD, serum Ca, P were decresaed and serum iPTH was increased with aging. In Pearson`s correlation, significant contributing factors to lumbar BMD was age, height, weight, menarche, year since menopause(YSM) and ALP. And significant contributing factors to femoral neck BMD was age, height, weight, menarche, YSM and iPTH. No relationship could be demonstrated between serum vitamin D[25(OH)D] and lumbar and femoral neck BMD. How ever, after controlling for potential confounding factors, a correlation was found between vitamin D[25(OH)D] and both of lumbar (p=0.013) and femoral neck BMD(p=0.077). iPTH was inversely related to femoral neck BMD(p=0.004) only in multiple linear regression. CONCLUSION: Serum vitamin D[25(OH)D] was influencing both of vertebral and femoral neck BMD, which suggests a significant role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteo- porosis. In age related remodeling and loss of bone, increased serum iPTH might have additive role in cortical bone of femur. These findings suggest that vitamin D is very important for optimal bone health and a deleterious effect of increased iPTH on cortical bone loss. Adequate calcium and vitamin D status have to be maintained to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal Korean women.
Aging ; Bone Density* ; Bone Resorption ; Calcium ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary ; Linear Models ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Parathyroid Hormone* ; Spine ; Tolnaftate ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamin D* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Diabetic Neuropathies*