PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between Ni-Cr alloy and composite resin using universal adhesive systems coMPared to conventional method using metal primers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this study, a total of 120 cast commercial Ni-Cr alloy (Vera Bond 2V) disks were embedded in acrylic resin, and their surfaces were smoothed with silicon carbide papers and airborne-particle abrasion. Specimens of each metal were divided into 6 groups based on the combination of metal primers (Metal primer II, Alloy primer, Metal & Zirconia primer, MKZ primer) and universal adhesive systems (Single Bond Universal, All Bond Universal). All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37degrees C for 24 hours. Shear bond strength testing was performed with a universal testing machine at a cross head speed of 1 m/min. Data (MPa) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey's multiple comparison test (alpha=.05). RESULTS: There were significant differences between Single Bond Universal, All Bond Universal, Metal Primer II and Alloy Primer, MKZ Primer, Metal & Zirconia Primer (P<.001). CONCLUSION: Universal Adhesive system groups indicated high shear bond strength value bonded to Ni-Cr alloy than that of conventional system groups using primers except Metal Primer II. Within the limitations of this study, improvement of universal adhesive systems which can be applied to all types of restorations is recommended especially non-precious metal alloy. More research is needed to evaluate the effect of silane inclusion or exclusion in universal adhesive systems.
Adhesives ; Alloys* ; Head ; Water

BACKGROUND: Chest X-ray of coal werkers' pneumoconiosis and shipyard welders' lung show similar and regular opacities mostly, it is very difficult that we distinguish the former from the latter by only chest X-ray. so we performed this study to understand the progression of the disease and to provide the disease by considering pulmonary function and other factors in proportion to the porfusion of small regular opacities of chest X-ray in both groups. METHOD: 430 coal workers' pneumoconiosis were compared with 311 shipyard welders' lung by the number, the age, the duration of dust exposure, %vital capacity(%VC), %FEV1.0, the type of ventilatory impairment, the combined pulmonary disease according to the profusion of small regular opacities on the chest radiographs, which were classiffied into category 0/1, category 1, and category 2. RESULT: 1) the percent of category 2 in coal workers' pneumoconiosis was 54.4%. the percent of category 1, and category 2 in welders' lung were 60.0%, 7.4%. the progression to the category 2 was higher in coal workers' pneumoconiosis than in welders' lung 2) The mean age was higher in coal workers' pneumoconiosis than in welders' lung, significantly increased in proportion to the progresion of profusion of small regular opacities in both groups 3) There was no difference in the duration of dust exposure by category 1/0, but the duration of dust exposure by category 1, 2 in coal workers' pneumoconiosis more significantly increased than in welders' lung, the duration in the proportion of category 2 to category 0/1, 1 significantly increased in the proportion to small regular opacities in coal workers' pneumoconiosis, but there was no significant difference in the proportion to small regular opacities in duration of dust exposure in welders' lung. 4) There was no sinificant difference of mean values of %VC(%vital capacity)in both groups except for category 1, the mean values of %VC had no relationship between the progression of small regular opacities in both groups. 5) The mean values of %FEV1.0 decreased more significantly in coal workers' pneumoconiosis than in welders" lung except for category 0/1. and decreased sinificantly in proportion to the profusion of small regular opacities in coal workers' pneumoconiosis, there was significant difference of %FEV1.0 in the proportion of category 2 to category 0/1 in welders' lung. 6) there were no significant difference of %FEV1.0, %VC in smoker and nonsmoker in both groups. 7) With regard to the type of ventilation in both groups in coal workers' pneumoconiosis 21.4 percent of patients belonged to the restrictive type, 11.6 percent to the obstructive type, 5.6 percent to the combined type, but in welders' lung 21.8 percent to the restrictive type, 2.9 percent to the obstructive type, 1.9 percent to the combined type. 8. in the pulmonary disease, the incidence of the pulmonary tuberculosis was the most in both groups, was more in coal workers' pneumoconiosis than welders' lung CONCLUSION: If we compare coal workers' pneumoconiosis with electric arc welders' lung by considering pulmonary function and other factors in proportion to the profusion of chest X-ray, I think that we will have the better result in understanding the progression of the disease and provision of the disease in both groups.
Coal* ; Dust ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Diseases ; Lung* ; Pneumoconiosis* ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Ventilation

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome is a congenital vascular disorder consisted of a variety of vascular malformations, enlargement of the involved limb, and varicose veins. We report a case of Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome presenting portal hypertension and varices bleeding caused by hypoplasia of the portal vein. Portal hypertension was caused by portal vein hypoplasia associated with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome. There were three episodes of variceal bleeding, and hemostasis were achieved by endoscopic band ligation, Sugiura operation, and splenic artery embolization respectively. Although successful hemostasis was achieved, an additional procedures to reduce portal hypertension were needed to prevent repeated episodes of variceal bleeding.
Adult ; English Abstract ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/*complications ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*etiology ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal/complications ; Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome/*complications ; Male ; Portal Vein/abnormalities

Background: Pigmented purpuric dermatosis (PPD) is a chronic disorder characterized by distinct petechial hemorrhage and brownish pigmentation. The cause of PPD is unclear, but several underlying conditions are associated with it. Previous reports suggest that venous insufficiency (VI) might be related to PPD; however, a clear correlation remains unelucidated. Objective: To elucidate the causal relationship between PPD and VI. Methods: A total 118 patients diagnosed with PPD in the Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University Hospital from November 2006 to July 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Doppler ultrasonography of the lower extremities was performed in 56 PPD patients, who were then divided into two groups: PPD with and without VI. We compared the clinical features between the two groups. In the PPD with VI group, we assessed the correspondence ratios between PPD and VI lateralities, and between the PPD distribution and the veins involved. Results: VI was detected in 35 of the 56 patients (62.5%). The PPD with VI group was significantly associated with wider distribution, darker coloration and longer disease duration. There was a positive correlation of laterality between PPD and VI, and between PPD distribution and the vein involved. Conclusion This findings suggest that VI is a clear provoker of PPD.

Rab40 proteins are an atypical subgroup of Rab GTPases containing a unique suppressor of the cytokine signaling (SOCS) domain that is recruited to assemble the CRL5 E3 ligase complex for proteolytic regulation in various biological processes. A nonsense mutation deleting the C-terminal SOCS box in the RAB40B gene was identified in a family with axonal peripheral neuropathy (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2), and pathogenicity of the mutation was assessed in model organisms of zebrafish and Drosophila. Compared to control fish, zebrafish larvae transformed by the human mutant hRAB40B-Y83X showed a defective swimming pattern of stalling with restricted localization and slower motility. We were consistently able to observe reduced labeling of synaptic markers along neuromuscular junctions of the transformed larvae. In addition to the neurodevelopmental phenotypes, compared to normal hRAB40B expression, we further examined ectopic expression of hRAB40B-Y83X in Drosophila to show a progressive decline of locomotion ability. Decreased ability of locomotion by ubiquitous expression of the human mutation was reproduced not with GAL4 drivers for neuron-specific expression but only when a pan-glial GAL4 driver was applied. Using the ectopic expression model of Drosophila, we identified a genetic interaction in which Cul5 down regulation exacerbated the defective motor performance, showing a consistent loss of SOCS box of the pathogenic RAB40B. Taken together, we could assess the possible gain-of-function of the human RAB40B mutation by comparing behavioral phenotypes in animal models; our results suggest that the mutant phenotypes may be associated with CRL5-mediated proteolytic regulation.

Double pylorus is either a congenital abnormality or an acquired complication of peptic ulcer disease. An accessory channel normally connects the lesser or greater curvatore of the prepyloric antrum with the duodenal bulb. Three cases of double pylorus, an unusual complication of peptic ulcer disease is herein reported. A peptic ulcer lay in the accessory channel in all cases. In one of the cases, the fistula closed spontaneously after Helicobacter pylori eradication. The remaining 2 patients became asympto-matic despite the persistence of the accessory channel.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Fistula* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Peptic Ulcer* ; Pylorus*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We are in the process of conducting a randomized trial to determine whether compliance with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for colorectal cancer screening differs according to the stool-collection method. This study was an interim analysis of the performance of two stool-collection devices (sampling bottle vs conventional container). METHODS: In total, 1,701 individuals (age range, 50 to 74 years) were randomized into the sampling bottle group (intervention arm) or the conventional container group (control arm). In both groups, we evaluated the FIT positivity rate, the positive predictive value for advanced neoplasia, and the detection rate for advanced neoplasia. RESULTS: The FIT positivity rates were 4.1% for the sampling bottles and 2.0% for the conventional containers; these values were significantly different. The positive predictive values for advanced neoplasia in the sampling bottles and conventional containers were 11.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], −3.4 to 25.6) and 12.0% (95% CI, −0.7 to 24.7), respectively. The detection rates for advanced neoplasia in the sampling bottles and conventional containers were 4.5 per 1,000 persons (95% CI, 2.0 to 11.0) and 2.4 per 1,000 persons (95% CI, 0.0 to 5.0), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of these findings on FIT screening performance was unclear in this interim analysis. This impact should therefore be evaluated in the final analysis following the final enrollment period.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Compliance ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Methods ; Predictive Value of Tests

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We are in the process of conducting a randomized trial to determine whether compliance with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for colorectal cancer screening differs according to the stool-collection method. This study was an interim analysis of the performance of two stool-collection devices (sampling bottle vs conventional container). METHODS: In total, 1,701 individuals (age range, 50 to 74 years) were randomized into the sampling bottle group (intervention arm) or the conventional container group (control arm). In both groups, we evaluated the FIT positivity rate, the positive predictive value for advanced neoplasia, and the detection rate for advanced neoplasia. RESULTS: The FIT positivity rates were 4.1% for the sampling bottles and 2.0% for the conventional containers; these values were significantly different. The positive predictive values for advanced neoplasia in the sampling bottles and conventional containers were 11.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], −3.4 to 25.6) and 12.0% (95% CI, −0.7 to 24.7), respectively. The detection rates for advanced neoplasia in the sampling bottles and conventional containers were 4.5 per 1,000 persons (95% CI, 2.0 to 11.0) and 2.4 per 1,000 persons (95% CI, 0.0 to 5.0), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of these findings on FIT screening performance was unclear in this interim analysis. This impact should therefore be evaluated in the final analysis following the final enrollment period.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Compliance ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Methods ; Predictive Value of Tests

The Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) updated the previous clinical practice guidelines for Korean adults with diabetes and prediabetes and published the seventh edition in May 2021. We performed a comprehensive systematic review of recent clinical trials and evidence that could be applicable in real-world practice and suitable for the Korean population. The guideline is provided for all healthcare providers including physicians, diabetes experts, and certified diabetes educators across the country who manage patients with diabetes or the individuals at the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The recommendations for screening diabetes and glucose-lowering agents have been revised and updated. New sections for continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pump use, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with diabetes mellitus have been added. The KDA recommends active vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with diabetes during the pandemic. An abridgement that contains practical information for patient education and systematic management in the clinic was published separately.

The Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) updated the previous clinical practice guidelines for Korean adults with diabetes and prediabetes and published the seventh edition in May 2021. We performed a comprehensive systematic review of recent clinical trials and evidence that could be applicable in real-world practice and suitable for the Korean population. The guideline is provided for all healthcare providers including physicians, diabetes experts, and certified diabetes educators across the country who manage patients with diabetes or the individuals at the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The recommendations for screening diabetes and glucose-lowering agents have been revised and updated. New sections for continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pump use, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with diabetes mellitus have been added. The KDA recommends active vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with diabetes during the pandemic. An abridgement that contains practical information for patient education and systematic management in the clinic was published separately.