No abstract available.
Hot Temperature* ; Orthodontic Wires*

No abstract available.
Malocclusion*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

This study was undertaken to investigate the interrelationship between the growth change of mandible and the developmental age of growing girls in the longitudinal data from 7 years to 15 years. The data were obtained from maturation stage of cervical vertebrae through the serial lateral cephalogram, height increment records which was taken at one year interval, menarche date through interview. On the basis of findings of this study, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. In general the growth of mandible (Ar-Pog, Ar-Go, Go-Pog) showed two peaks of growth velocity. 2. The maximum growth of mandible (Ar-Pog, Ar-Go, Go-Pog) almost appeared between stage 3 and stage 4 in maturation of cervical vertebrae. 3. It showed the tendency that the maximum increment of height appeared faster than that of mandible (Ar-Pog, Ar-Go, Pog-Go). 4. The maximum growth of height almost appeared between stage 2 and stage 3 in maturation of cervical vertebrae. 5. It showed the tendency that the menarche appeared later than the maximum growth of mandible (Ar-Pog, Ar-Go, Pog-Go). 6. The menarche almost appeared at stage 4, stage 5 in maturation of cervical vertebrae.
Cervical Vertebrae ; Female* ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Mandible* ; Menarche

Until now it has not surely been pointed out about the relation between the biting force and the facial types in scientific view. But it's correlation was assumed by several scientists: recently some literatures reported about the maximum biting force and facial types, but there's only a little articles about the relation between the biting force(biting force contain maximum biting force, chewing force and swallowing force) and facial type. So this study was, firstly, performed to establish the relation of the normal face and long face versus biting force. 2ndly it was performed to establish the relation between the difference in mouth opening degrees versus biting force. 3rdly it was performed to establish the relation between male and female versus biting force. Biting force was measured from 56 adults (normal 26, long 30) whose samples was selected from Yonsei university students and Hospital patients. Sample was divided into 2groups (normal and long) by lateral cephalogram. The results of this study was obtained as follows. 1. Maximum biting force and chewing force in long face was smaller than normal face. 2. When the thickness of transducer was changed from 6mm to 9mm, maximum biting force and chewing force was larger than before. 3. In case of comparing with male and female, male was larger than female in maximum biting force and chewing force.
Adult* ; Deglutition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mastication ; Mouth ; Transducers

The purpose of this study was to collect the information of the straight-wire appliance and to determine the amount of second-order bends in clinical orthodontics. The author analysed the study model of 50 individuals with normal occlusion and results were obtained as follows 1. The crown angulation was 4 degree in upper central incisor, 7 degree in upper lateral incisor, and 0 degree in lower central incisor and lateral incisor. 2. The crown angulation was 8 degree in upper cuspid and 2 degree in lower cuspid. 3. The crown angulations were 4 degree in upper first bicuspid, upper second bicuspid and lower second bicuspid and 1 degree m lower first bicuspid. 4. The crown angulation was 3 degree in upper first molar, 0 degree in upper second molar, 5 degree in lower first molar and 8 degree in lower second molar. 5. The crown angulations in lower arch were progressively increased from first premolar to second molar. 6. In upper arch, as the crown angulation of one tooth was increased, those of adjacent teeth were increased, too. 7. In the case of lower arch, the crown angulation of cuspid was increased as that of lateral incisor was increased, the crown angulation of second premolar was increased as that of first premolar was increased, and similarity the crown angulation of second molar was increased as that of first molar was increased.
Bicuspid ; Crowns* ; Cuspid ; Decompression Sickness ; Incisor ; Molar ; Orthodontics ; Tooth

Crowded group is composed of 60 subjects who visited Yonsei University for orthodontic treatment and has no history of orthodontic treatment. Noncrowded group is composed of 26 subjects who has no crowding, considered to have a normal occlusion and no history of orthodontic treatment. Currently available and approved analytic method was used. Interrelationship between tooth size and arch size, and it's correlation on tooth crowding was studied and the following results were obtained. 1. In comparison of sum of mesiodistal width, of crown size of teeth was greater in noncrowded group than that of crowded group on both arch. (p<0.01). 2. In comparison of arch lengths, the values measured from arch length 2 showed greater in non crowded group (p<0.01). Also in crowded group, arch length 1 showed greater value than arch length 2 on both arch (p<0.01). 3. In comparison of arch widths, upper interlateral (p<0.01) and upper intercanine width (p<0.05) showed greater value in noncrowded group on upper arch and intermolar width showed greater value in noncrowded group on both upper and lower arches (p<0.05). 4. In comparison of arch perimeters, arch perimeter 2 was greater value in noncrowded group on both upper and lower arches (p<0.01). 5. Dentoalveolar disproportion was greater in noncrowded group on both upper and lower arches (p<0.01). 6. In lower incisors MD/FL ratio, the central and lateral incisors were greater in crowded group, but statistial significance was only in lateral incisors (p<0.01) 7. The irregularity index of lower incisors showed greater value in crowded group (p<0.01).
Crowns ; Incisor ; Malocclusion ; Statistics as Topic* ; Tooth

mastication is basically regulated by central pattern regulator(CPG) of brain system target organ output from CPG is modulated by oral sensory feedback. anterior cross bite pattern infuluence the feedback mechanism and change muscle activity and jaw movement. .The purpose of this study was to investigate diffemce anterior cross bite group from normal group. the selected sample groups were 30 normal patient, 30 anterior cross bite patient. EMG and EGN of Biopak system were used for this study The following results were obtained 1. In resting state of mandible, anterior cross-bite showed the high r muscle activities in all the muscle.(exeeption:left digastric muscle) than normal group. 2. In clenching state, No significant difference in muscle activities of normal group and anterior cross bite group was noticed 3. In swallowing state Normal group showed the higher muscle activities in left and right masseter muscle, right posterior temporal muscle. 4. In maximum opening and closing velocity, normal group showed the higher value than anterior cross-bite. 5. In the mean value of the maximum operiing,the maximum anterior-posterior movement from centric-occlusion, the lateral deviation from centric-occclusion, normal group showed the higher value than anterior cross-bite group.
Adult* ; Brain ; Deglutition ; Feedback, Sensory ; Humans ; Jaw ; Malocclusion* ; Mandible ; Masseter Muscle ; Mastication ; Temporal Muscle

The alveolar bone remodeling is essential in tooth movement by orthodontic forces. The collagen and chondroitin sulfate are acting as an important roles in bone remodeling. This study was performed to measure out the quantity of the collagen and chondroitin sulfate in the alveolar bone of rats applied by experimental orthodontic forces. The 150 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into the PGE2 treated group, indomethacin treated group and the normal group. A 80gm force rubber band was used as a orthodontic appliance between upper incisors and right upper 1st molar, and left side of experimental rats with no appliance was regarded as a control side. The samples of alveolar bones were obtained from pressure and tension sites in all three groups. respectively, and in control sides, too. The results were as follows. 1. The change in total collagen remains stable in both pressure and tension sites of all three groups, compared with control side by the time consuming. 2. The change in soluble collagen showed the most highest level in tension site, lowest level in pressure site of PGE2 treated group in 5th. experimental day. 3. The change in chondroitin sulfate showed the most highest level in pressure site, lowest level in tension site of PGE2 treated group in 5th. experimental day. 4. In indomethacin treated group, the change of soluble collagen and chondroitin sulfate showed small range of variance compared with PGE2 treated and normal group.
Animals ; Bone Remodeling ; Chondroitin Sulfates* ; Chondroitin* ; Collagen* ; Dinoprostone* ; Humans ; Incisor ; Indomethacin* ; Male ; Molar ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rubber ; Tooth Movement