To investigate the changes of electrolytes and bio-chemical components during hemodialysis in 15 patients(7 men and 8 women) with end-stage renal disease undergoing long-term hemodialysis were studied. The mean age of 15 patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis was 45 year(range ; 26-62). The mean duration of hemodialysis was 58 months(range: 19-143) at time of the study. Hemodialysis was performed with acetate dialy- sate having 37mEq/1 acetate and 8.57g/100ml glu-cose(group A), with bicarbonate dialysate having 8 mEq/1 acetate and 30mEq/1 bicarbonate without glu-cose(group B) for 4-hour. Each blood sample was drawn for blood gas analysis, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and electrolytes from the arterial line at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4-four during hemodialysis. In group A, the body temperature measured at 1 hour increased significantly compared with that of predialysis. The blood glucose level increased pro-gressively during dialysis. In group B, the body temperature measured at 1 hour also increased sig- nificantly compared with that of predialysis. However, the blood glucose level increased progressively during dialysis as removing urea in blood during dialysis. These results suggested that blood urea nitrogen may be a cause of hypothermia. Mean corpuscular volume(MCV) increased significantly at 2-hour in group A and returned to baseline values at 4-hour. In group B, the mean level of glucose value in dialysate of outlet line of dialyzer increased to 38.3mg/dl from zero in inlet line, and PaC&z decreased significantly because of diffusion of COz across the dialyzer. In Group A, PaOz decreased significantly at 1-hour and returned to baseline values at 4-hour, whereas HCC4 was increased significantly at 4-hour. The intracellular potassium content may decreased in long-term hemodialysis patients cornpared with normal control. In Group A, hernoglobin diphosphoglycerate(2, 3-DPG) concentraion increased from 10.9 pmoVg before dialysis to 19.9pmol/g after dialysis. Despite substantial anemia, hemoglobin 2, 3-DPG prior to dialysis was significantly lower than the value obtained in the normal control(17.5+4.3 p moVg). In group A, the blood lactate level decreased significantly at 1-hour and returned to baseline values at 4-hour. Our data suggested that body temperature might be increased due to removal of urea nitrogen, and blood glucose may be decreased because of the dif- fusion across dialyzer. In addition, this study showed that intracellular potassium content was lowered, the MCV of RBC was increased during hemodialysis. Transient decrement of PaCOz during early phase of dialysis and decreased hemoglobin 2, 3-DPG of despite anemia before dialysis improved with the increment of blood pH and HCC4 at the end of dialysis.
Anemia ; Bays ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Body Temperature ; Dialysis ; Diffusion ; Electrolytes* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypothermia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Lactic Acid ; Male ; Nitrogen ; Potassium ; Renal Dialysis* ; Urea ; Vascular Access Devices

It would be naive to assume that any operative procedure is the solution to the problem of sacral pressure sore in the field of the orthopaedic surgery. The procedures outlined here involve the creation of compound myocutaneous flaps of the gluteus maximus muscle, skin, and the subcutaneous tissue. The myocutaneous flap us- ing the gluteus maximus muscle is a vascular flap instead of a random flap, with better blood supply for healing and advantage of an increased amount of cushion effect. We present an alternative method which will provide satisfactory and substantial soft tissue coverage in sscral pressure sores.
Methods ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Pressure Ulcer ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

No abstract available.
Aspirin* ; Epithelial Cells*

No abstract available.
Myasthenia Gravis*

This report describes five cases of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) rhinorrhea which were caused by head injury in four cases and developed after surgical removal of brain tumor in one case. Intrathecally-enhanced brain computerized tomography(CT) with metrizamide, in addition to isotope cisternography, was helpful in localization of the CSF leakage site. All five cases which could not be managed conservatively were successfully repaired by surgical means using biological fibrin glue.
Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive ; Metrizamide

No abstract available.
Child* ; Cough* ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis*

No abstract available.
Pheochromocytoma*

The Purpose of the study was to understand the experience of chronic renal failure patients for the qualified individual care for them. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of patients living with chronic renal failure and to identify the meaning and structure of their experience. The subjects were four patients, two females and two males. The age range was from 21 to 54. Data was collected with a few in-depth interviews by the authors until the data was fully saturated. The framework and methodology of this study was based on Parse's "Human Becoming methodology," an existential phenomenological research methodology. The findings of this study were as follows. Three experience structures of chronic renal failure patients were : 1. Sufferings and conflicts originated in the frustration caused by uncurable disease. 2. Dependence upon God and significant others with complex emotions. 3. Acceptance of sufferings, emerging hope for serving people, and gratitude for living. In conclusion the experience of chronic renal failure patients could be described from the findings (three structures) as "Experiencing the sufferings, conflicts originated in the frustration caused by uncurable disease, dependence upon God and significant others with complex emotion, acceptance of the suffering and hope for serving people, and gratitude for living." The three structures of the lived experience of patients with chronic renal failure, the findings of this study, could be explained by the three concepts of "Theory of Human Becoming," the first structure could be explained with values, the second with revealing-concealing, and the third with transforming.
Female ; Frustration ; Hope ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Male ; Research Design