No abstract available.
Sarcoma 180* ; Sarcoma*

It is well known that double contrast arthrography of the knee is a safe and technically simple procedure permitting accurate diagnosis of lesion of meniscus, especially tears. It has been utilized infrequently until recent years in our country. During the period of Oct. 1977 through Nov. 1978, double contrast arthrography of the knee had been performed in total of 52 cases with soft tissue injury of the knee and a total of 32 cases among them underwent the operation at the Armed Forces Taegu General Hospital. The arthrographic findings of the meniscus injury were presented and analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. Arthrography of the knee is a valuable diagnostic aid for meniscus injury. The diagnostic accuracy was 87.5 per cent for 32 cases. 2. In one case, tear of both menisci unsuspected on the basis of clinical examination were demonstrated one the arthrogram. 3. Arthrography revealed residual portion of the meniscus left after previous menisectomy in one patient. Reoperation resulted in cure. 4. Unnecessary surgery was reduced. 5. There were no complications of arthrography in thts series.
Arm ; Arthrography ; Daegu ; Diagnosis ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Knee ; Reoperation ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tears ; Unnecessary Procedures

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The caveolin is known as a mediator of cell death or survival of injured cell and inhibitor of various signaling pathways. We examined expression of caveolin-1 involved by protein kinase A(PKA) signaling pathway in the differentiated mouse vestibular cell line(UB/UE-1) after gentamicin toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We observed caveolae in the vestibular hair cell of healthy guinea pig through electron microscope. UB/UE-1 cells were cultured at 95% CO2, 5% O2, 33DegreeC for 2days and at 95% CO2, 5% O2, 39DegreeC for 24 hours for differentiation. Cells were treated with 1 mM of gentamicin, 0.02 mM H89 (PKA inhibitor), and then incubated for 24 hours. Caveolin-1 expression was examined by western blot and PKA activity by PepTag? assay. RESULTS: Caveolae were observed in the vestibular hair cell of healthy guinea pig by electron microscope. Caveolin-1 was expressed spontaneously in differentiated UB/UE-1 cells and increased after gentamicin treatment. PKA is overactivated by gentamicin treatment. The gentamicin induced caveolin-1 expression and PKA overactivation was inhibited by H89. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that gentamicin induced caveolin-1 expression is mediated by PKA signaling pathway. We conclude that the caveolae/caveolin through a PKA signaling pathway is the important mechanism of gentamicin induced ototoxicity.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Caveolae ; Caveolin 1* ; Cell Death ; Cell Line* ; Gentamicins* ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair Cells, Vestibular ; Mice ; Protein Kinases

No abstract available.
Genes, ras* ; Humans*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this research was to evaluate physiological significances of expression of immediate early gene proteins in the vestibular nuclear complex by change of arterial pressure (AP) in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Record AP and inject either sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or phenylnephrine to change AP. Either fast or slow removal of blood from the femoral artery was made to induce different rapidity in reduction of AP. Blood supply to the inner ear was temporally blocked by clamping anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). Immunohistochemical staining and image analysis for cFos, FosB, Krox, and JunB proteins were performed 2, 6, 12 hours after change of AP. RESULTS: The selective expression of cFos protein was observed in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) following reduction of AP. The number of cFos positive neurons peaked at 2 hours and then rapidly reduced, returning to the normal value 24 hours after SNP injection. And cFos protein expression was also well correlated with that of AP reduction at 2 hours of SNP injection. The rapid falling of AP caused a significant expression of cFos protein but slow withdrawal of blood did a minimal change of cFos protein expression. In addition, there was a significant expression of cFos protein following the increase of AP by single injection of phenylnephrine. Unilateral occlusion of AICA resulted in the significant expression of cFos protein in bilateral MVN. Furthermore, bilateral ablation of vestibular endorgans resulted in significant reduction of cFos expression by AICA occlusion in MVN. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that cFos protein is a marker for neuronal excitation in vestibular complex in response to rapid changes in the arterial blood pressure and that medial vestibular nuclei plays an important role in signaling the process of cardiovascular information coming from the peripheral vestibular apparatus.
Adult* ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure* ; Arteries ; Blood Pressure ; Constriction ; Ear, Inner ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Neurons ; Nitroprusside ; Proteins ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reference Values ; Vestibular Nuclei ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

PURPOSE: The incidence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) has increased in several countries. Lower cut-off in screening programs have led to an increase in the proportion of transient hypothyroidism (TH) cases diagnosed, leading to debate on the associated clinical and economic impact. This study aimed to identify factors that would allow discrimination between TH and permanent CH (PH) in patients with a eutopic thyroid gland. METHODS: Sixty-six patients with CH from 3 different hospitals were studied: 26 cases of TH, and 40 cases of PH. Laboratory findings and clinical parameters were analysed in 56 patients with eutopic thyroid gland. RESULTS: Initial serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels and L-thyroxine dose at 12 and 24 months of age were significantly higher in PH than TH patients with a eutopic thyroid gland. The area under the curve for the 12-month and 24-month dose for the prediction of TH in eutopic CH was 0.799 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.678-0.919; P<0.001) and 0.925 (95% CI, 0.837-1.000; P<0.001), respectively. The optimum 12-month and 24-month dose in predicting TH is 3.25 microg/kg (12-month: sensitivity, 87.1%; specificity, 68.0%; 24-month: sensitivity 93.5%, specificity 88%). CONCLUSION: Infants with CH requiring lower L-thyroxine doses (<3.25 microg/kg) are likely to have TH, and thus might be re-evaluated at 12 months or 24 months rather than 3 years of age.
Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypothyroidism ; Incidence ; Infant ; Mass Screening ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is well known that microvessel density (MVD) and p53 gene mutation are significantly correlated with tumor behaviors in some types of cancer: however, some studies have reported a lack of relationship among MVD, p53 gene mutation and tumor behavior in oral cancers. The objective of this study was to identify putative association between p53 gene mutation and microvessel density (MVD) and to evaluate the usefulness of this association in deciding the therapeutic plan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 25 tumor specimens of oral squarnous cell carcinoma, microvessel density (MVD) was analysed by immunohistorhemical staining with CD-31 monoclonal antibody, and p53 mutation was examined in exon 5 through 8 by PCR-SSCP and sequencing analysis. RESULTS: Seven of the 25 patients had mutation in exon 5 to 8 and all the mutations were missense mutation. The mean of MVD in the mutant group was 13.3+/-2.80 and that of MVD in the wild type group was 18.6+/-1.16. An inverse relationship was seen between MVD and p53 mutation (p=0.047). The p53 gene mutation was frequently found in exon 5. CONCLUSION: MVD and p53 gene mutation were not associated with respect to stage, cervical metastasis and recurrence of' the oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Angiogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma might not be regulated by p53, but might be regulated by other factors.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Exons ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Microvessels ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Mutation, Missense ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms ; Recurrence

MDR1 promoter has been shown to contain heat shock elements (HSE), and it has been reported that FM3A/M and P388/M MDR cells show a constitutively activated heat shock factor (HSF), suggesting that HSF might be an important target for reversing the multidrug resistance. Therefore, it was examined whether quercetin, which has been shown to interfere with the formation of the complex between HSE and HSF, and to downregulate the level of HSF1, can sensitize MDR cells against anticancer drugs by inhibition of HSF DNA-binding activity. In this study, quercetin appeared to inhibit the constitutive HSF DNA-binding activity and the sodium arsenite-induced HSF DNA-binding activity in the MDR cells. The basal and sodium arsenite-induced MDRCAT activities were remarkably suppressed by the treatment of quercetin. These results were well consistent with the finding that the treatment of quercetin decreased the expression level of P-gp, MDR1 gene product, in dose-dependent manner, and markedly increased the sensitivity of MDR cells to vincristine or vinblastine. These results suggest that quercetin can decrease the expression of P-gp via inhibition of HSF DNA-binding activity, and might be useful as a chemosensitizer in MDR cells.
Animal ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Arsenites/pharmacology ; Carcinoma/drug therapy ; Drug Resistance, Multiple/physiology* ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/physiology ; Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins/drug effects* ; Heat-Shock Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Leukemia, Experimental/drug therapy ; Mice ; P-Glycoprotein/genetics ; P-Glycoprotein/drug effects ; Quercetin/pharmacology* ; Sodium Compounds/pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Vinblastine/pharmacology ; Vincristine/pharmacology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Many expeerimental evidences have beensupported that the vestibulocerebellum involved in recovery of vestibular compensation. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of unilateral ablation of uvula and nodular lobes on early stage of vestibular compensation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250~300 g were used and divided into control (CON) group receiving sham operation, unilateral labyrinthectomy (ULX) group, ULX plus left uvulonodulectomy (ULX+Lt-UNLX) group, and ULX plus right uvulonodulectomy (ULX+Rt-UNLX) group. UNLX was performed 1 hour following ULX. Spontaneous nystagmus (SN) and roll head tilt (RHT) were recorded for 3 days following ULX. Temporal change of c-Fos protein expression in the medial vestibular nuclei (MVN) was measured for 2 days following ULX. RESULTS: There were observed SN with contralateral direction to injured labyrinth and RHT toward ipsilateral side with flexion of ipsilateral limb and extenstion of contralateral one just after ULX. There was significant increase in SN frequency of ULX+Rt-UNLX group compared with that of ULX group. In addition, ULX+Rt-UNLX group resulted in severe postural asymmetry. ULX elicited prominent expression of c-Fos protein in contralateral MVN 2 hours but in ipsilateral one 6, 24 hours after ULX, respectively. In contrast, number of c-Fos positive neurons was higher in contralateral MVN. 24 hours after ULX higher expression of c-Fos protein in contralteral MVN was still remained in ULX+Rt-UNLX group but that in ipsilateral MVN was observed in ULX+Lt-UNLX group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that UNLX have a different effect on the early stage of vestibular compensatory process and the uvulonodulus serves the restoration of balance between intervestibular nuclear activities after ULX by inhibition of vestibular nuclear complex through nhibitory Purkinje system.
Adult ; Animals ; Compensation and Redress* ; Ear, Inner ; Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Neurons ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Uvula ; Vestibular Nuclei

The expression of two cell proliferation indices, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen( PCNA), using the monoclonal antibody in the immunoperoxidase method, and the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), using silver nitrate staining technique, were assessed in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded material of transitional cell urinary bladder carcinomas. The aim of our study was to examine comparatively the expression of PCNA and the number of NORs in 37 transitional cell bladder carcinomas and to investigate how they correlate with tumor grade and the disease stage. It was noticed that the PCNA expression rate(%) related to grade was statistically significant only between grades II and III (p<0.05), while that between grades I and II was not statistically significant(p > 0.05). The mean number of AgNORs per nucleus between grades I and II and between grades II and III were statistically significant(p<0.05). As far as the correlation of PCNA expression rate(%) with the stage is concerned, PCNA expression rate (%) was higher in the invasive tumors(p<0.05) than in the superficial tumors and AgNOR Numbers was also greater in the invasive tumors(p <0.05). The linear correlation coefficient between PCNA expression rate (%) and AgNOR counts was 0.52(p <0.001) In conclusion, a considerable relationship was found between the histological grade and each of the two indices used. A good correlation was also demonstrated between each of PCNA expression rate(%) and AgNOR scores to the pathologic stage. Our results suggest that PCNA expressionrate( % ) and AgNOR scores may be prognostic induces in urinary bladder cancer.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cell Proliferation ; Nucleolus Organizer Region* ; Paraffin ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Silver Staining ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*