No abstract available.
Colony-Stimulating Factors* ; Transplantation*

The fractures of tibial shaft are common and open injury are also frequenly accompanied. Since the AO unreamed interlocking nail is solid type compared to present tubular type nail, it has no dead space, and without reaming the intramedullary blood supply can be preserved and the soft tissue trauma can be minimized. Therefore it can be used with minor risk of infection in the treatment of open tibial shaft fractures without secondary operation such as in the cases using external fixaters. Especially in Orientals, whose tibial medullary canal is narrower than Smm, it can be used ideally. From October 1991, we have experienced 14 cases of tibial shaft fractures treated with AO unreamed interlocking nail. Among 14 cases, the open fractures were 8, 4 cases were type 1 and 4 cases were type 2 by Gustilo classification. Among 6 cases of closed fractures, 4 cases had risk of post operative infection due to accompanying soft tissue injuries, such as abrasion or bulla and 2 cases had narrow intramedullary canal less than 8mm. There was no postoperative infection in all cases including open fractures, and the soft tissue defect could be reconstruted by muscle transfer, etc. The AO unreamed interlocking nail is thought to be recommendable in the treatment of open tibial shaft fracture, closed fracture with risk of postoperative infection, and also the fracture with narrow canal diameter less than 8mm.
Classification ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia

To evaluate the results of anterior decompression and fusion with autogenous bone graft for cervical disc disease, the authors reviewed 18 cases of cervical disc herniation which were treated surgically at Inje Univ. Paik Hosp. from 1990 to 1994 with special interest in the thickness of the bone graft. All cases have been followed for more than 12 months. We try to know the clinical results of anterior decompression and fusion with autogenous bone graft. At this treatment, controversial point is a ideal thickness of graft and the width of distraction. Therefore, we follow up the correlation between thickness of graft on roentgenogram and clinical results. The clinical results were satisfactory as excellent in 11 cases, good in 5 cases according to criteria of Robinson et al. Successful fusion occured in 16 cases within 3 months after their initial procedure, and fusion failure resulted in 2 cases. 3mm distraction from baseline disc height was considered ideal thickness of graft after anterior decompression and all cases healed successfully. We concluded that 3mm distraction from baseline disc height is necessary for successful decompression & fusion.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Depression, Postpartum* ; Female ; Postpartum Period*

No abstract available.
Hyperlipidemias* ; Kidney* ; Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Stents

High tibial osteotomy is a useful procedure in the treatment of early stage osteoarthritis of the knee which is confined to the medial compartment. But long term follow-up study of high tibial osteotomy has not been provided yet and its prerequisite for a successful result still remains unrevealed. Since the osteoarthritis can progress after the osteotomy, it may result in the loss of correction and recurrence of pain and require conversion to total knee replacement arthroplasty. We studied clinically and radiologically the long term result of high tibial osteotomy in 11 patients(16 knees) who had been treated at the Department of Orthopaedic surgery of Seoul Paik Hospital during the period from January, 1978 to May, 1989, and follow-up for longer than 4 years. Preoperative mean varus angle was 6.4 degrees and immediate postoperative mean valgus angle was 8.6 degrees and final mean valgus angle was 4.7 degrees. The average loss of correction angle was 3.9 degrees. At 2-year follow-up, the results of 16 knees were as follows; excellent in six knees, good in seven knees. The final results at average 7.2-year follow-up were excellent in four knees, good in six knees and one knee was converted to total knee replacement arthroplasty. The results showed deterioration of clinical results and loss of correction with time after osteotomy. However, in more than half of the cases the results were good or excellent at the final follow-up, We, therefore, conclude that high tibial osteotomy is still a useful procedure in osteoarthritis of the knee if performed with a precise surgical technique and an adequate overcorrection more than 10 degrees.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Follow-Up Studies ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy ; Recurrence ; Seoul

Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, associated with marked inflammatory cells (of mast cells and eosinophils) and severe itching, which leads to clinical problems in the pediatric population. This study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effects of luteolin liposome solution, that is entrapped the hydrophobic luteolin (one of the flavonoids) into ethosome to improve its stability, by using hapten-induced atopic dermatitis animal model (NC/Nga mice).The luteolin liposome treated mice showed anti-inflammatory effect as evidenced by the lowering of erythema and edema in clinical observation, reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration and epidermal thickness in histopathological examination, when compared with TNCB induced controls. Luteolin liposome solution also reduced the serum IgE level which played important roles in the atopic dermatitis model. These results suggest that luteolin liposome solution has some merit in this formulation showing inhibitory effects for the atopic dermatitis.
Animals ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Edema ; Erythema ; Immunoglobulin E ; Liposomes ; Luteolin ; Mast Cells ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Pruritus ; Skin Diseases

No abstract available.
Dinoprost* ; Flurbiprofen* ; Gabexate* ; Prednisolone* ; Thromboxane B2*

PURPOSE: Mu agonists can be used in clinical conditions where threr is a risk of hypoxic neurosusceptibility. Fentanyl, one of mu agonists may serve as neuroprotection from brain ischemic injury and protects against some kinds of brain injury and appears to play an important role in the regulation of brain excitability, especially in hippocampus during seizure. We investigated the effects of mu agonists - fentanyl and DAGO([D-Ala2, N- Me-Phe4, Gly-ol]-enkephalin) on electroconvulsive seizures. METHODS: The study was done with Sprague-Dawley rats(7-30 days), weighting from 20.4 g to 78.7 g. The animal were kept in-groups with mother rat in cages, and had free access to food and tap water. The temperature of the animal room is room temperature. Hippocampal slices were taken. Hippocampal slices were exposed to DAGO. Then, we began to record electrical activity of slices every 10 minutes in artificial cerebrospinal fluid. We observed the frequency and duration of electrical activity. RESULTS: The mean duration and frequency of fentanyl 50 ng/mL-treated ictal activity was 23.1+/-2.4 seconds and 85.98.1(n=7). These results were significant differences compared with control. The mean duration and frequency in fentanyl 50 ng/mL-treated interictal activity was 518.5+/-64.0 seconds, 132.0+/-14.0(n=5). There were also significant differences in the duration and frequency of onset in fentanyl 50 ng/mL-treated interictal activity compared with control showing interictal activity. The mean duration of latency time of onset in fentanyl 50 ng/mL-treated interictal activity was 143.0+/-11.3 seconds(n=5), and there was a significantly different latency of onset time in fentanyl 50 ng/mL-treated interictal activity compared with control showing interictal activity. The mean duration and frequency of DAGO 1M-treated ictal activity was 12.72.8 seconds and 87.3+/-11.1(n=7). These results were significant differences compared with control. The mean duration and frequency in DAGO 1M-treated interictal activity was 464.6+/-42.5 seconds, 64.2+/-23.0(n=5). There were also significant differences in the duration and frequency of onset in DAGO 1M-treated interictal activity compared with control showing interictal activity. The mean duration of latency time of onset in DAGO 1 microM-treated interictal activity was 28.49.4 seconds(n=5), and there was a significantly different latency of onset time in DAGO 1 microM- treated interictal activity compared with control showing interictal activity. CONCLUSION: Fentanyl 50 ng/mL showed a decrease of electroconvulsive seizures, so did DAGO 1 microM. These exogenous mu agonists suppress electroconvulsive seizures, and with increased levels of mu agonists, there may be a functional anticonvulsant effect through mu agonists, there may be a functional anticonvulsant effect through mu receptors. Also, these seem to modulate the convulsions. The study suggests that mu agonists may play a role in the pathogenesis of electroconvulsive seizures and shows a positive clue to the relationship between anticonvulsive effects and mu agonists.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)- ; Fentanyl ; Hippocampus* ; Humans ; Mothers ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid, mu ; Seizures* ; Water