The maintenance of balance between water and electrolyte is essential for keeping the lens transparent. The outflow of the Na+ ion from the membrane and inflow of the K+ ion both of which are sustained by the Na+ - K+ - ATPase, play an important role in maintaining this balance. In this study, by comparing the lens Na+ - K+ - ATPase activity in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat(SHR) and Sprague-Dawley Rat (SDR), we determined the significance of increase in blood pressure and the change in the enzyme activity after control of blood pressure by administration of Inderal, an anti-hypertensive drug. The Na+ - K+ - ATPase activity was significantly lowered(P<0.01) in the lens of SHR compared to that of SDR. The longer the anti-hypertensive drug was administered and then controlled the blood pressure, the higher the recovery rate of the lowered Na+ - K+ - ATPase activity of SHR, rising up to about 50%. From the results of this study, it is suggested that the activity of lens Na+ - K+ - ATPase may be reversibly recovered after blood pressure control, and that the pathogenesis of high blood pressure-associated cataract may be partially prevented by controlling the blood pressure.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Animals ; Blood Pressure* ; Cataract ; Membranes ; Propranolol ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Three cases of orbital rhabomyosarcoma are reported here. Histological studies comfirmed the lesion 1:0 be the alveolar type in all cases. This tumor is a rare disease entity in Orient than Europe and America and accordingly, rarely encountered in our ophthalmologic practice, although it is the commonest primary malignant orbital tumor in children. Of the three cases reported here one occurred in adu1t and the other two in children. Case I. This 15 month old male showed a swelling of the left upper lid toward the medial side for 2 months and visited to our hospital on March 10, '69 with complaints of progressive swelling on the region with ptosis. The eye ball was slightly displaced toward the lower temporal side and ocular movement is limitted to upward. On palpation, the childthumb sized tumor was palpable in the upper nasal portion of the orbit. On excision of the tumor, the mass was found to be originated from the superior oblique muscle. The mass round measuring 2.5 X 2.5 X 1.5 cm in size. Histological diagnosis was alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma without cross-striation. No follow-up could be done. Case II. This patient of 15 month old male showed a swelling on the right lower lid existed 6 months and visited to our hospital on September 8, '69. The physical examination revealed that the left eye and the other routine examinations were within normal limits. The right eye showed the swelling of the lower lid, congestion of the palpebral conjunctiva, limitted movement of the eye ball toward the lower side and a palpable bean-sized mass on the region. The excision of tumor was performed under the general anesthesia. This mass was attached with the inferior oblique muscle with no other recognizable adhesion seemingly originating from that muscle. The mass was round and oval in shape, measuring 2 X 2 X 1 cm in size, diagnosis was alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The post-operative follow-up studies were unavailable. Case III. This case in one of adult alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. At the age of 25 years, this man showed a proptosis of the right eye associated with migrain like headache, ocular pain and visual disturbance. This symptoms existed 6 months and gradually increased in intensity. On the physical examination, the left eye was found to be normal. The skull and orbit x-ray and c.b.c. were with in normal limits. The right eye revealed about 5mm proptosis compared with left eye and the adult thumb sized tumor was palpated on the inner side of the lower orbital rim. The visual acuity was in zero. The right optic disc was edematous and elevated about 4.0 D. The pupil showed marked dilatation and the light reflex was abscent and ocular movement was markedly limitted and eye ball is deviated toward the upper side. Under the general anesthesia, the exenteration of the orbit associated with the removal of tumor was carried out with no untoward complications. Origin of the mass was the inferior oblique muscle penetrating to the deeper part of the optic foraman and optic nerve was surrounded by the tumor completely Histology confirmed alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Follow-up study was impossible.
Adult ; Americas ; Anesthesia, General ; Child ; Conjunctiva ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Europe ; Exophthalmos ; Headache ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit* ; Palpation ; Physical Examination ; Pupil ; Rare Diseases ; Reflex ; Rhabdomyosarcoma* ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar ; Skull ; Thumb ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Vaccination*

We report a case of metastatic carcinoma of the skin in 62-year-old male who showed multiple nodules on the anterior chest, scalp, face and left axilla for 2 months duration. He suffered from lower abdominal discomfortness for 6 months. Histopathologic findings revealed atypical cell nests and some tubular or glandular formation in the dermis and subcutaneous fat tissue. Material in the lumen showed diastase resistant and PAS positive, and alcian blue positive at pH 2.4, but negative pH 0.4. So it represented sialomucin. We did not find primary site of malignant tumor. In view of clinical and histopathological findings, it was considered to be originated from the large intestine.
Alcian Blue ; Amylases ; Axilla ; Dermis ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestine, Large ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Scalp ; Sialomucins ; Skin* ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Thorax

The authors recently experienced a case of typical Gronblad-strandberg's syndrome which showed characteristic signs such as degenerative changes of the skin and angioid streaks without known familial disposition of this disease, and the literatures relating to this disease were briefly reviewed.
Angioid Streaks* ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum* ; Skin

We studied the association of nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness with general characteristics, exposure concentration, respiratory symptoms, chest x-ray findings, past histories and pulmonary function. We determined bronchial hyperresponsiveness by methacholine challenge test. And we conducted a respiratory symptom questionnaire and performed spirometry on 111 workers occupationally exposed to isocyanates in various industries. About 21.6% of subjects had bronchial hyperresponsiveness. No significant differences were observed between the hyperresponsive and non-responsive group with respect to age, sex, employment period, height, and smoking histories cough and breathlessness were significantly associated with the bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The hyperresponsive group had more experience of bronchitis and asthma in the past than the non-responsive group. The lower FEV1 and FEV1 % were closely related with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Bronchial hyperrespoosiveness seems to be associated with some of respiratory symptoms, past histories and pulmonary function parameters in workers exposed to isocyanates.
Asthma ; Bronchitis ; Cough ; Employment ; Isocyanates* ; Methacholine Chloride ; Occupations ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Spirometry ; Thorax

To evaluate whether mast cells are involved in developing pathologic feature of psoriasis, 60 biopsy specimens of patients with psoriasis were analyzed. They had not been treated for at least 1 week before skin biopsy. Histological findings in early and fully developed lesions and numbers of mast cells in their dermal papillae were investigated. The results were as follows: 1. In epidermal changes of psoriatic lesions, parakeratosis and acanthosis revealed different findings between early lesions and fully developed lesions. While early lesions revealed mounds of parakeratosis and mild to moderate acanthosis, fully developed lesions revealed confluent parakeratosis and moderate to severe acanthosis. In dermal changes of psoriatic lesions, papillomatosis revealed different findings between early developed lesions and fully developed lesions. While early lesions revealed normal to moderate papillomatosis, fully developed lesions revealed moderate to severe papillomatosis. 2. Degree of acanthosis is related to the degree of papillomatosis. The more increase in the degree of acanthosis, papillomatosis, and parakeratosis, mast cell numbers in dermal papillae were more increased. 3. Mast cell numbers in dermal papillae were more increased in fully developed lesions than early lesions. 4. These findings suggest that mast cell may play an active role in developing pathologic finding of psoriasis.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Mast Cells* ; Papilloma ; Parakeratosis ; Psoriasis* ; Skin

Analysis of our primary bronchogenic carcinoma is restricted to 65 cases that have been regarded as having satisfactory histological and cytological proof of diagnosis by bronchial washing and bronchos opic biopsy and they were primarily diagnosed by roentgenography. Of these 65 cases, 59 cases were diagnosed by bronchoscopic biopsy and 6 cases were proved by bronchial washing. In the sex incidence, there were 49 males and 16 females, The peak incidence of bronchogenic carcinoma was 41.5 per cent in the fifth decade, 30.8 per cent in the fourth decade, and 1.5 per cent in the second decade. Cough, sputum raising, chest pain, and dyspnea were the most common complaints but three patiens had no signs or symptoms. The pathological classification, metastasis and complication were discussed for these 59 cases. Radiological classification of lung cancer revealed the following types: central pneumonic form; central solid form; central infiltrating form; peripheral solid form; peripheral cavitary form. 86.2% was central hilar type and 13.8% was peripheral type. For distribution of these 65 cases, 60% showed right lung involvement and 40% showed left lung involvement.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic/*pathology ; Human ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Thoracic

This report includes experiences of 63 cases of lntussusception treated in Severance Hospital from October 1964 to September 1968. 1. In age distribution, 44 cases were observed under one year of age (69.9%) and peak incidence occurs from the 4th to 7th month (38%). Males showed a decidedly higher incidence than females with a ratio of 2.3:1. Seasonal incidence showed 33.3 per cent in the Summer. 2. The cardinal symptoms and signs were irritability or abdominal pain, palpable abdominal mass, vomiting, and bloody mucous stools. 3. 7 out of 63 cases had an underlying cause; Meckel's diverticulum 2, enteric cyst 1, submucosal cyst 1, lymphosarcoma 1, reticulum cell sarcoma 1, and malrotation, and 5 cases out of six were under 3 years of age. 4. Of 63 cases, operative intervention without trial of barium enema reduction was used in 24 cases, 7 cases had only diagnostic barium enema. In the rest of the cases, namely 32 cases, hydrostatic pressure barium enema was performed and successful reduction was accomplished in 13 cases.
*Cecal Diseases ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Human ; *Ileum ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; *Intussusception ; Male

No abstract available.