This case report describes a paraganglioma of the cauda equina in a 37-year-old man, as documented by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The patient experienced low back pain of 3 years duration, with the recent onset of sciatic pain and altered sensation in the right leg. Magnetic resonance imaging of L4 vertebral level revealed an ovoid, solid mass in the cauda equina. The mass was measured 1.5 cm in the greatest diameter. The histologic appearance was characterized by organoid pattern with clusters of chief cells (zellballen). Immunohistochemically, tumor cells are positive for keratin, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, neuron specific enolase and chromogranin.
Adult ; Cauda Equina* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leg ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Microscopy ; Mucin-1 ; Organoids ; Paraganglioma* ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; Sensation ; Vimentin

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) of the ovary are rare tumors with an exclusive or almost exclusive malignant neuroectodermal composition, and are generally regarded as a monodermal expression of an ovarian teratoma. The tumors are basically identical with the lesions of the same name occuring typically in the central nervous system of children. These tumors consist chiefly of undifferentiated small cells resembling neuroblasts. There are also mature, well- differentiated neuroectodermal cells, such as astrocytes and ependymal cells. We report a case of ovarian PNET with glial and neuroblastic differentiation and focal teratomatous foci of non-neural tissue in a 17-year-old female.
Adolescent ; Astrocytes ; Central Nervous System ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Neural Plate ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive* ; Ovary* ; Teratoma

We report a case of necrotizing arteritis involving the gallbladder. This case was clinically diagnosed as cholelithiasis with cholecystitis, and necrotizing arteritis was found in the surgically resected specimen. Vascular changes were similar to those seen in classic polyarteritis nodosa, involving medium-sized muscular arteries and characterized by fibrinoid necrosis and panarterial and periarterial inflammation varying from active to resolving stages. Acute cholecystitis is a rare initial clinical manifestation of the systemic vasculitis. If acute cholecystitis is found in the absence of obvious cause, careful examination is essential. Since steroid therapy improves the prognosis in the systemic vasculitis, clinicians and pathologists should be aware of this unusual lesion.
Arteries ; Cholecystitis ; Cholecystitis, Acute ; Cholelithiasis ; Gallbladder* ; Inflammation ; Necrosis ; Polyarteritis Nodosa ; Prognosis ; Systemic Vasculitis ; Vasculitis*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical significance of the screening mammography in the detection of the breast diseases, especially breast carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 1,800 cases of mammography retrospectively. The mammography was done as a part of routine check in Health Counselling Center, Korea University Medical Center, during 9 months from November 1993 to July 1994. The age range was from 23 years to 76 years, mean 49.8 years, and the largest age group was 6th decade(31.4%). According to the mammographic findings, we divided the subjects into three groups; normal group, abnormal group in need of follow up study, abnormal group requiring biopsy. RESULT: On mammography, the normal group consisted of 1,534 cases(85%), and the abnormal group consisted of 266 cases(15%). The abnormal findings were benign-looking calcification(n=140), fibroadeno ma (n=29), fibrocystic changes (n=27), cyst(n=23), malignant lesion(n=15), lipoma(n=7), and others. In four of 15 cases, which were suspected to be malignant on mammograms, breast carcinoma was confirmed pathologically. In four cases of breast carcinoma, one was under 40 and the other 3 were over 50 years of age. All of the breast cancers were under 3cm in size, and the mammographic findings of breast cancer included spiculated margin(n=3), parenchymal disortion(n=3), malignant calcification(n=2) and enlarged axillary node (n=l). CONCLUSION: Screening mammogram is helpful for early detection of non-palpable breast cancer, especially for women over 50 years of age.
Academic Medical Centers ; Biopsy ; Breast Diseases* ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Mammography* ; Mass Screening* ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.

Primary malignant parovarian epithelial tumors are extremely rare, with only 56 cases previously reported in the world literature. Most parovarian epithelial tumors are of paramesonephric (Mullerian) origin. In this article, we report the first case in the Korean literature of papillary serous cystadenoma of borderline malignancy from paramesonephric parovarian cyst. This case presented here is of particular interest since this neoplasm is rare. A 48-year-old female underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection for a cystic tumor of the right parovarian area. The tumor, measuring 13 cm in diameter, was apart from the ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus. The cyst wall had well-developed smooth muscle layers. The cyst was lined with mildly atypical ciliated and non-ciliated low columnar cells compatible with those of paramesonephric origin. From the inner surface of the cyst several cauliflower-like structures projected into the lumen. They were of a predominantly papillary architecture covered by atypical epithelial cells with piling-up and occasional glandular growth. No destructive stromal invasion was identified.
Cystadenoma, Serous* ; Epithelial Cells ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth ; Ovary ; Parovarian Cyst* ; Uterus

Hemimegalencephaly is an uncommon sporadic congenital malformation of the central nervous system characterized by enlargement of one cerebral hemisphere with cranial asymmetry, hemiparesis, epilepsy, and mental retardation. This report deals with a 12-month-old girl with intractable seizure and developmental delay, who revealed hemispheric asymmetry and enlarged right cerebral hemisphere. MRI scan revealed asymmetric enlargement of right cerebral hemisphere with lissencephaly and multifocal calcification. She underwent right frontal lobectomy and parietal cortical resection, but died of complication of surgery. Histological features included loss of cortical lamination, large atypical neurons, neuronal heterotopia, and astrocytosis with dystrophic calcification. The heterotopic neurons in the white matter were suggestive of aberrant neuronal migration.
Central Nervous System ; Cerebrum ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Gliosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Lissencephaly ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Neurons ; Paresis ; Rabeprazole ; Seizures

We analyzed the factors of importance for nonunion in series of 91 open fractures of tibial diaphysis which were treated with external fixation. Factors analyzed included, age and sex of the patients, the mechanism of injury, the amount of soft tissue damage, the grade of comminution, the level at which the tibia was fractured, the presence of an intact fibula, the presence of the multiple injuries, the type of the external fixation used(AO external fixator, EXTOR; monotube external fixator, Ilizarov), and the need to supplement the stability of the reduction. We found that the amount of soft tissue damage and comminution of the fracture played a role in the development of the nonunion.
Diaphyses ; External Fixators ; Fibula ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Multiple Trauma ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures*

No abstract available.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome*

Transient hyperkalemia is well known to occur in man following intravenous administration of succinylcholine chloride. To study on change of the serum level of K+, Na+ & Cl- after injection of succinylcholine in healthy adults, physical status 1 or 2 adopted by the American society of Anesthesiologists, we studied in two groups: pentothal sodium-succinylcholine injection group (group 1) as control, flaxedil-pentothal sodium-succinylcholine injetion group(group 2) as experimental. The following results were obtained: 1. Serum K+ was slightly increased in both groups, 2mEq/L at 3rd minute in control group, 2mEq/L at 1st minute in experimental group after succinylcholine injection, but no statistical significance was noticed in either group. 2. Serum Na+ was decreased 3 mEq/L immediately after pentothal sodium injection and then sliyhtly increased until 10th minute in control group. In experimental group lower level than control was observed until 15th minute, with the maximum decrease of 7mEq/L at 5th minute. But no statistical significance was noticed in either group. 3. Serum Cl was slightly decreased until 10th minute with the maximum decrease of 4mEq/L at 5th minute in control group. In experimental group, it was slightly increased until 5th minute. But no significance was noticed in either group.
Administration, Intravenous ; Adult ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Sodium ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental