Although epidural fibrosis after laminectomy is considered to be the cause of pain in a number of patients, the exact relationship of postoperative scar tissue and symptoms remains controversial. However it is generally accepted that epidural fibrosis after surgical decompression of neural tissue has to be avoided. To diminish the likelihooa that such a scar will form, fat grafts have been used to create an interpositional membrane. Compression of a nerve after the use of a fat graft is rare; postoperative cauda equina syndrome, resulting from compression by a grafted fat. We report the case of a patient who had this complication.
Cauda Equina* ; Cicatrix ; Decompression, Surgical ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Laminectomy* ; Membranes ; Polyradiculopathy* ; Spine* ; Transplants*

STUDY DESIGN: The authors retrospectively analysed the difference of clinical natures in contained vs. ruptured HIVD. OBJECTIVE: To compare contained HIVD with ruptured HIVD in respect of clinical symptoms, signs and the result after surgery. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: In contained disc herniation, the disc material remains beneath tile intact outer annulus. But, once disc material penetrates through the limit of posterior annulus, it is a ruptured herniation or disc extrusion/sequestration. There is few report concerning the clinical characteristics related to type of herniation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients, treated by open discectomy from March 1990 to December 1994, were followed up for minimum two years. The clinical symptoms and signs including SLR, motor deficit, sensory deficit, change of DTR, and severity of radiating pain were periodically followed up on the predesigned protocol. Result: Twenty patients had contained disc and remaining 26 had ruptured disc. The mean age of contained disc was 31.4 years and that of ruptured disc was 43.3 years. In preoperative examination, 18/26 cases of patients with ruptured discs, developed pain in less than 3 months, compared with 7/20 cases of does with contained ones. Motor deficit was positive in 25/26 cases (96.2%) of ruptured discs and 12/20 cases (60%) of contained ones. 23/26 cases (80.8%) of patients with ruptured discs, had sensory deficit compared with 12/20 cases (60%) of those with contained ones. There was no significant difference in SLR and DTR change between ruptured and contained disc. CONCLUSIONS: Factors such as age, motor and sensory deficits and duration of symptoms had correlation with the type of herniation, but SLR and DTR change showed no statistical difference in this study. Clinical outcome showed no significant difference between two groups, but in ruptured group, the results were getting worse with the time goes. On the basis of this study, we concluded that the clinical symptoms and signs were different between the two groups, but surgical results showed no statistical difference.
Diskectomy ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

Higt energy electron beam therapy is a method which is used for the treatment of superficial tumors (less than 5 cm deep) with a characteristically sharp drop-off in dose beyond the tumor. This method offers distinct advantages in dose uniformity and in minimizing the dose to deeper tissues. We report herein three cases of epithelial skin cancer treated with high energy electron beam. The first patient was a 79-year-old male who had primary basal cell carcinoma(BCC) on the right lateral canthus. The second patient was a 67-year-old male who had recurreiit BCC on the right cheek. Both of them received electron beam therapy on the lesion and there were no clinical relapse signs over 1 year. The third patient was a 46-year-old male who had squamous cells, carcinoma on the lower lip. He also received electron beam therapy on the lesion, but it recurred.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cheek ; Humans ; Lip ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Skin Neoplasms* ; Skin*

Microsatellite markers are considered to be very promising genetic markers for genetic linkage analysis. The majority of the markers are as informative as in Caucasians but there are significant ethnic differences in the genetic variations. In order to investigate the genetic variations in the Korean and Japanese populations and their ethnic differences, 51 microsatellite marker loci spanning the whole human chromosome 1 were arranged from a commercially available set (ABI PRISM Linkage Mapping Set-HD5, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), and then determined the allelic frequencies and heterozygosities for these marker loci in the 96 unrelated Korean subjects and 96 unrelated Japanese subjects. Of all 51 markers tested, significant differences were observed when microsatellite allele frequency pattern of Korean was compared with those of Caucasian, while this pattern was highly similar between Korean and Japanese populations. Our data indicate that an extensive verification of public microsatellite markers in a particular population study should be undertaken prior to their linkage studies. Moreover, this information should facilitate genetic linkage studies of various hereditary diseases, especially in the Koreans and Japanese.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats*

This study was designed to inveatigate the stress intensity and distribution produced by 1mm activation of retraction archwire with 0degrees, 7degrees, 14degrees torque and application of high pull J-hook headgear during retraction of four maxillary incisors using the photoelatic stress analysis. The photoelastic model was made with a PL-3 type epoxy resin which was substituted by alveolar bone portion. Each retraction archwire was fagricated from .020" x .025" stainless steel wire which had vertical loops in 7mm height and hook for high pull J-hook headgear between central and lateral incisors. The high pull J-hook headgear was applied 35 degree backward and upward to occlusal plane with 200mg per each side. The findings of study as follows : 1. In case of 0degrees torque, the stress was distributed from cervical 1/3 to apex of root of central and lateral incisors which were the froms of arc mode. When the high pull J-hook headgear was applied, the stress disrtrbuted by following by arc mode was presented from cervical 1/2 to apex of roots of central and lateral incisors. And the stress distributed by following the root surface was presented from alveolar crest to cervical 1/2 of central and lateral incisors. The stress between apecies of central and lateral incisors was presented also. 2. In case of 7degrees torque, the stress distributed by arc mode was presented from cervical 1/2 to apex of roots of central and lateral incisors. And the stress distributed by following the root surface was presented from alveolar crest to cervical 1/2 of roots of central and lateral incisors. When the hight pull J-hook headgear was applied, the stress distributed by following the root surface was presented more apically than without headgear. The stress between apecies of central and lateral incisors was presented also. 3. In case of 14degrees torque, the stress distributed by following the root surface was presented from alveolar crest to apex of roots of central and lateral incisors. When the high pull J-hook headgear was applied, the stress distributed by following the root surface was presented stronger than without headgear. The stress between apecies of central and lateral incisors was presented also.
Dental Occlusion ; Incisor ; Stainless Steel ; Tooth* ; Torque

Intradural lipomatosis is a rare clinical entity characterized by excessive fat deposition in the intradural space. And they occur slightly more frequently in males. It may lead compression of the spinl cord or lumbargo, radiating pain, paresthesia, intermittent claudication and if they involve the cervical and thoracic region, the patients with tumours in these regions most frequently present with a slow ascending monoparesis or paraparesis, cutaneous sensory loss and defective deep sensation. Only 3% of tumours have been reported in the thoraco-lumbar region. The diagnosis should be based on a combination of clinical, imaging, surgical, and histological findings, and especially the diagnostic procedure of choice in patients with progressive myelopathy is MRI scan as it produces accurate imaging without exposure to ionizing radiation. He was treated surgically-removal of excessive fat tissue and decompressive laminectomy. We report a case of intradural lipomatosis that we had removed by surgically.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Intermittent Claudication ; Laminectomy ; Lipomatosis* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Paraparesis ; Paresis ; Paresthesia ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Sensation ; Spinal Cord Diseases

No abstract available.

STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective study analyzing the results of chip PLIF with pedicle screw instrumentation for various spinal lesions. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical and radiologic results of chip PLIF and to compare the amount of blood loss and transfusion and operation time with the ordinary PLIF. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: The ordinary PLIF has 86-95% of radiologic union rate and 80% of clinical satisfactory rate. The problems of ordinary PLIF were donor site morbidity, limited bone resources, prolonged operation time and excessive blood loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients were treated by chip PLIF utilizing cubical chip bone obtained from spinous process, facets and lamina from October 1995 to October 1997. Twenty-four patients, followed up over 12 months, were included in this study. Radiologic union, disc space collapse and change of kyphotic angle were assessed by simple X-ray and clinical results by improvement of back pain, radicular pain and change of neurological deficits. Twenty-nine patients treated by ordinary PLIF were compared concerning the operation time, amount of blood loss and transfusion. RESULTS: The mean age was 51.5 years(27-68 years) and mean follow-up was 20.7 months(12-30 months). Complete radiologic union rate was 47.6%, which was lower than ordinary PLlf. Satisfactory clinical result rate was 79%, which was similar with other fusion methods. Operation time, amount of blood loss and transfusion were less than the ordinary PLIF. There were three complications that were one dural tear ailed two pedicle screw breakages. CONCLUSION: There was no relationship between radiologic union rate and clinical satisfactory result after chip PLIF. Although operation time is relatively short and blood loss is less, it's not a good method to obtain nice bony union in spinal lesions.
Back Pain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tissue Donors

Titanium miniscrews are being used increasingly as an anchorage for tooth movement, because they are easy to place and to remove, increase the number of sites available, give minimum strain to patients regarding surgical procedures, and offer uneventful healing after removal. The use of titanium miniscrews as an orthodontic anchorage has been reported in clinical case reports, but clinicians have experienced screw loosening when using such screws. To our knowledge, there are no published reports evaluating the stability of miniscrews. Information about the length of miniscrews used in relation to the location is of some importance, as stability will vary depending on bone quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a variety of lengths of miniscrews (diameter: 2mm) which were inserted in maxilla or mandible and to demonstrate in a dog model which miniscrew provides fundamental stability in the jaws. 10 mm long miniscrews in the maxilla and 8mm long miniscrews in the mandible showed no clinical mobility and retained their position throughout an 8 weeks force (200g) application. The mucosal condition around the screws was healthy in cases in which miniscrews were inserted in the alveolar bone between the roots and the head of the screws emerged into the attached gingiva. When the force application was terminated, radiographic analysis revealed neither root resorption nor periodontal pathology around the miniscrews that remained stable during the entire treatment period. This study suggests that if titanium miniscrews with adequate length are properly used depending on the location, they provide sufficient stability for orthodontic anchorage.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Gingiva ; Head ; Humans ; Jaw ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Pathology ; Root Resorption ; Titanium* ; Tooth Movement

It is widely known that the cockroach is an inhalant allergen in atopic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Even though Bla g I and Bla g II are considered as the major allergens, several relatively high-molecular weight (MW) cockroach allergens have also been recently identified by IgE-immunoblot in western countries. However, the environmental control and diagnostic tests mainly focussed on Bla g I and Bla g II. Furthermore there is no data about major IgE-binding cockroach antigens in Korea. We performed this study to identify the major German cockroach allergens in Korean atopic children. By the results of allergy skin tests, 14 children with atopic asthma (9 were cockroach-sensitive and 5 were cockroach-nonsensitive atopics) were enrolled in this study. We conducted IgE immunoblot and autoradiographic analysis using Yonsei-extract of German cockroach antigen produced in our laboratory, individual sera from 9 cockroach- sensitive children, and the pooled sera of 5 house-dust-mites-only-sensitive children. We performed an allergic skin test to cockroach mix, and a radioallergosorbent test (RAST) using German cockroach crude extract on all subjects. German cockroach-specific IgE was detected in 6 out of 9 subjects by RAST. We identified at least 15 IgE-binding protein bands, and among them, the components of MWs of 76, 64, 50, 38, and <14 kilodaltons (kDa) were the major German cockroach allergens in study subjects. Therefore, Bla g I (25-30 kDa) and Bla g II (36 kDa) could not be the absolute indicators of German cockroach sensitization and parameters of environmental control.
Adolescence ; Allergens/analysis ; Animal ; Asthma/metabolism* ; Asthma/immunology ; Asthma/complications ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cockroaches/immunology ; Cockroaches/chemistry* ; Female ; Human ; Hypersensitivity/metabolism* ; Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Hypersensitivity/complications ; IgE/metabolism* ; Korea ; Male ; Tissue Extracts/metabolism*