Ossification and calcification of the spinal ligaments frequently cause pressure upon the spinal cord andnerve roots. Authors reviewed 150 cases of C-spine CT, 80 cases of T-spine CT, and 725 cases of L-spine CT whichwere carried out a Pusan Natina University Hospital for 2 years from May 1983 to May 1985. We analysed 34 caseswhich showed ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and ligamentum flavum (OLF) of these 955cases. The results are follows: 1. The male ot female ratio of spinal ligamentous ossification was 26:8. The 5thdecade group (24.41%) was the most prevalent age group. 4th decade(26.4%), 6th decade(23.52%), 7th decade(11.76),3rd decade (8.8%), and 8th decade(2.94%) in that order. 2. Of 955 cases of spine CT, the incidence of OPLL was 25cases(21.51%) and that of OLF was 10 ases(1.05%). 3. Regional incidence of spinal ligamentous ossification was asfollows. 1) In case of OPLL, cervical area was 19/150(12.67%) and lumbar area was 6/725 (0.83%). 2) In cases ofOLF, Thoracic area was 3/80(3.75%) and lumbar area was 8/725(1.10%). 4. The most frequent length of OPLL was 4body length (32%) and the most frequent locations are C4 and C5(68%). The types fo OPLL were 15 cases(60%) ofsegmental type, 8 cases(32%) of continuous type, and 2 cases(8%) of mixed type in that order. All segmental typeswere degree 1 or 2 and most continuous and mixed type (80%) were degree 2 or 3 dural sac effect. 5. The number ofinvolved interlaminar spaces in OLF was 1 to 5 interspaces and most of OLF were found at low thoracic and lumbararea. 6. There could be noted high correlation between the spinal ligamentous ossification and degenerative discdisease, The incidence of associated disc disease was 18/25(72%) in OPLL and 8/10(80%) in OLF.
Busan ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ligaments ; Ligamentum Flavum ; Male ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ; Spinal Cord ; Spine

Dendritic cell (DC)s are protessional antigen presenting cells and they have been used for antitumor immunotherapy or cell vaccines. However therapy using DC is restricted because the number of DC available from tissue is very low. Flt3 ligand (FL) has been known as a hematopoietic growth factor that increases proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells, and recently it showed inducibility of dendritic cell (DC)s and signiticant antitumor effects in vivo. Thus FL will be frequently used for DC induction and antitumor immunotherapy in future. Here we constructed FL plasmid and studied its in vivo effect. FL plasmids were made by cloning of partial FL cDNA into pcDNA3 plasmid, and gene expression and protein producibility of FL plasmid were confirmed in Renca cells transfected with FL plasmid. Mice were injected with FL plasmid (100ug/mouse) three times and 20 days later mouse spleens were harvested for staining and RT-PCR. There were lots of blastogenic cells in the spleen of mice treated with FL plasmid. FL plasmid also induced DEC205, IL-12 and GM-CSF gene expression in mouse splenocyte. All these data suggest FL plasmid may be used for induction of DC and antitumor therapy as DNA adjuvant.
Mice ; Animals

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis*

It is well known the CT is very useful in the evaluation of gallbladder carcinoma. We have studied 19 cases of gallbladder carcinoma with whole body scanner from May 1980 to Aug. 1983. 1. The sex distribution were 11 males and 8 females with over 40 years of age. 2. The computed tomographic classificications of the cases were 7 of intraluminal fungating mass(single 5 and multiple 2), 5 of mass filling the gallbladder, 5 of irregular thickened GB and 2 of mixed type, irregular thickned wall and intraluminal fungating mass. 3. CT demonstrated metastasis of other organ, 8 cases of the liver, 5 cases of the extrahepatic bile duct, 3 cases of peritoneum, 2 cases of duodenum, 1 case of the stomach, 1 case of the pancreas, and 15 cases of lymph nodes. 4. Associated diseases were6 cases of gall stone, 2 cases of clonorchiasis, 1 case of pancreatic pseudocyst, and 1 case of renal cyst.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Clonorchiasis ; Duodenum ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Peritoneum ; Sex Distribution ; Stomach

Since the time when the lumbar discogram was used as the clinical diagnostic method for the first time in 1952, many problems have been pointed out to this method, and moreover, in presentday tendencies for the diagnostic method, the lumbar discogram is carried on even useless by majority. One of the important reasons is that so many studies for the lumbar discograms have reported so many false positive lumbar discograms at the high ratio. Hower we found a certain usefulness of the lumbar discogram incidental to the operation. The purposes of our operative lumbar discogram are those; 1) to observe the radiological configuration of the lumbar discogram. 2) to measure the amount of the the dye injected into normal and abnormal lumbar discs, especially in our Koreans. 3) for confirmation of the diagnosis when the myelographic finding is suspicious. 4) for confirmation of the Ievel especially when the number of the possible lesion is more than one. We investigated and analyzed the 35 lumbar discograms of 26 patients and compiled the statistics.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Methods

The tibial plafond fractures result from an axial compression snd rotational forces causing variable degrees of metaphyseal disruption, articular damage, and malleolar displscement. It is relatively uncommon but a most difficult fracture to manage. It has been treated in a number of manners, but the best results have been occurred when stable internal fixation is accomplished using plates and screws. Basic steps in reconstruction are restoration of anatomic length of the fibula with plate fixation, reconstruction of the tibial articular surface, cancellous bone grafting of the metaphyseal defect and buttress plating of the distal tibia. The suthor analysed the 20 cases of the tibial plafond frsctures in 17 patients, which were trested at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Paik Hospital, Inje Medical College from Jsnuary 1983 to March 1987. The longest durstion of followup was 2 years and 4 months and shortest one was 6 months, and the aversge was one year. The results were as follows : 1. Among the 17 patients, male were 16 and female was one. 2. The major causes of injury were a fall from a height. 3. The most frequent type of fracture was type C by Ruedi and Allgower classification. 4. Regardless of the method of trestment the type A and B were in good and fair result, but the type C were fair in 4 cases and poor in 8 cases. There were 7 cases of snkle fusion in poor group. 5. It is important to remind the basic steps in reconstruction and applied in sn individual csse especially in type C. If anatomic reconstruction of the joint surface can be restored and stable fixation achieved, esrly motion of the ankle joint is made possible. This early motion reduces stiffness of the ankle and win yeild the most sstisfying result. But the anatomic reduction of ank1 joint is difficult to be obtained in each case especially in type C and may consider an ankle fusion.
Ankle ; Ankle Joint ; Bone Transplantation ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Fibula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Tibia

Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a rare because of high resistance to bacterial infection of thyroid gland, which is rich vascularity and lymphatic drainage, a high iodine content and complete encapsulation. The common clinical manifestations are fever, neck pain and localized mass of thyroid area. This thyroiditis is more common in left thyroid lobe. The most important causal microorganism are staphylococci and streptococci, with frequent isolation of mixed flora and anaerobes. Diagnosis was easily made by typical clinical manifestation, ultrasonography, thyroid imaging and fine needle aspiration. Treatment usually consist of appropriate antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage when abscess formation develops. We report a typical case of acute suppurative thyroiditis in 1 year old female infant with brief review of literatures.
Abscess ; Bacterial Infections ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Iodine ; Neck Pain ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis ; Thyroiditis, Suppurative* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Meningitis* ; Scrub Typhus*

No abstract available.
Femur* ; Humans

The stiffness of the elbow joint is caused by trauma, infection, and ect. The conventional arthrop lasty and arthrodesis of this joint has been used but the indication is very limited because of unsati sfactory result. The Oganesyan external fixator, which was invented by Mstislav V. Volkov and Oganes V. Oganesyan in 1971, generally employes tne hinged-distraction apparatus to treat joint stiffness and flexion contracture. According to them, regeneration of both cartilage and underlying subchondral bony tissue is possible. These authors consider the main factor for regeneration of the cartilage af a destroyed joint surface to be early restitution of joint functions including unloaded motion and elimination of increased friction between the joint surfaces. From Jan. 1992 to Jan. 1994, We have experienced the 6 cases of stiff elbow who had been undergone biologic arthroplasty. The results were as follows; The gain of the average range of motion of the joint at final follow-up was 50.5°. The complications were mild pain in 2 cases, mild instability on exertion in 2 cases, recurrence of contracture in two cases and ulnar nerve irritation in one case. The complications affected no significant long term results except recurrence.
Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Cartilage ; Contracture ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow ; External Fixators ; Follow-Up Studies ; Friction ; Joints ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Regeneration ; Ulnar Nerve