Calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone and serves weight bearing of the body. The calcaneus has a pattern of cancellous bone enclosed with a very thin cortical shell. It is difficult to reduce the bony fragments accurately when there are comminution and displacement on the calcaneal fractures. Retrospective study was carried out of 18 patients(21 feet) of calcaneus fractures after axial fixation in Soonchunhyang University Hospital from July, 1982 to July, 1988. Minimum follow up period was 8 months(average 2 years 6 months). The clinical analysis of them are reported with a review of the literature and the results are follows:l. According to the Rowe's unit system, the results of treatment were excellent or good in 9 cases of 13 tongue types and 5 cases of 8 joint depression types. 2. The results were satisfactory in the calcaneal fractures of well reestablished Bohler angle to 21-30 degrees. 3. The results were excellent or good in 5 cases operated within post-trauma 1 week and in 9 cases operated from 1 week to 2 weeks. 4. The results were poor in the 2 joint depression type with severe comminution. And subtalar joint fusion was performed on the previous 2 cases. Then pain on the lateral malleolar area was subsided.
Calcaneus ; Depression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Joints ; Retrospective Studies ; Subtalar Joint ; Tarsal Bones ; Tongue ; Weight-Bearing

We introduce here our case of a 4-cm, large saccular aneurysm in a patient with right flank pain that was treated by placement of a stent-graft via the left brachial artery. The large renal artery aneurysm was successfully occluded without any permanent sequela, although there were several complications that included intraprocedural renal arterial thrombosis, occlusion of the posterior segmental artery, a small thromboembolism in the left pons and a small arteriovenous fistula in the brachial artery. Stent-graft placement for treatment of renal arterial aneurysm is an effective and safe procedure, but the operator has to be cautious not to induce complications in case of using the brachial arterial approach.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Brachial Artery* ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Pons ; Renal Artery* ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis

Ectopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening condition. Detection of ectopic pregnancy on CT images is rare. In this case, we describe the CT findings of interstitial pregnancy both before and after rupture. If CT images demonstrate the presence of a strong enhancing ring-like mass in the pelvis, ectopic pregnancy should be considered.
Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gallstones/radiography ; Hemoperitoneum/etiology/radiography ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal/*radiography ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; *Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

Background: A preoperative planning system facilitates improving surgical outcomes that depend on the experience of the surgeons, thanks to real-time interaction between the system and surgeons. It visualizes intermediate surgical planning results to help surgeons discuss the planning. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the use of a newly-developed preoperative planning system for surgeons less experienced in pedicle-screw fixation in spinal surgery, especially on patients with anatomical variations. Methods: The marching cubes algorithm, a typical surface extraction technique, was applied to computed tomography (CT) images of vertebrae to enable three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of a spinal mesh. Real-time processing of such data is difficult, as the surface mesh extracted from high-resolution CT data is rough, and the size of the mesh is large. To mitigate these factors, Laplacian smoothing was applied, followed by application of a quadric error metric-based mesh simplification to reduce the mesh size for the level-of-detail (LOD) image. Taubin smoothing was applied to smooth out the rough surface. On a multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) cross-sectional image or a 3D model view, the insertion position and orientation of the pedicle screw were manipulated using a mouse. The results after insertion were then visualized in each image. Results: The system was used for pre-planning pedicle-screw fixation in spinal surgery. Using any pointing device such as a mouse, surgeons can manipulate the position and angle of the screws. The pedicle screws were easy to manipulate intuitively on the MPR images, and the accuracy of screw fixation was confirmed on a trajectory view and 3D images. After surgery, CT scans were performed again, and the CT images were checked to ensure that the screws were inserted properly. Conclusion The preoperative planning system allows surgeons and students who are not familiar with pedicle-screw fixation to safely undertake surgery following preoperative planning. It also provides opportunities for screw-fixation training and simulation.

A 44-year-old man was cutting an outer plate of a ship, at a depth of 25 m below sea level. Following a sudden explosion, he was discovered unconscious and was carried to the surface by other divers. There was no evidence of vital signs upon arrival at the hospital. Postmortem computed tomography, which was performed prior to autopsy, revealed massive pneumocephalus in the brain, pneumohemothorax, diffuse lung contusions with multiple traumatic lung cysts, air-fluid level in the cardiac chamber of the chest, and pneumoperitoneum in the abdomen. Postmortem external examination showed a circular abrasion on the jaw, diffuse subcutaneous emphysema, and contusion in the right upper arm. An internal examination revealed intravascular air bubbles in all four chambers of the heart, and diffuse pulmonary trauma including contusion, laceration, and multiple traumatic cysts. Blast injury to the chest, and air embolism due to the underwater explosion were established as the underlying cause of death.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Arm ; Autopsy ; Blast Injuries ; Brain ; Cause of Death ; Contusions ; Diving ; Embolism, Air ; Explosions* ; Heart ; Humans ; Jaw ; Lacerations ; Lung ; Pneumocephalus ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Ships ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; Thorax ; Vital Signs

PURPOSE: It has been reported that varicocele is found less frequently in obese men. Accordingly, we evaluated varicocele patients and statistically analyzed the correlation between varicocele and somatometric parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 211 patients underwent surgery for varicoceles. All patients underwent history taking, physical examination, and scrotal ultrasound to determine the presence and severity of varicocele. An age-matched control group consisted of 102 patients who were found not to have varicocele according to physical examinations and scrotal ultrasound. The age, weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) of the two groups were compared. The statistical analyses were performed by use of PASW Statistics ver. 18.0. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used for statistical significance. RESULTS: In the varicocele group, the mean age, height, weight, and BMI were 29.42+/-14.01 years, 168.53+/-9.97 cm, 62.14+/-13.17 kg, and 21.66+/-3.21 kg/m2, respectively. The distribution of varicocele grade was as follows: 103 (48.8%) grade III, 72 (34.1%) grade II, and 36 (17.1%) grade I. In the control group, the mean age, height, weight, and BMI were 30.83+/-17.31 years, 161.93+/-19.83 cm, 64.69+/-17.86 kg, and 24.04+/-3.64 kg/m2, respectively. Analyzing these data specifically in adolescents, they showed significant differences in age, height, and BMI (p=0.000, p=0.000, and p=0.004, respectively) between two groups. There were no significant differences in somatometric parameters between patients with different grades of varicocele. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that patients with varicoceles were significantly taller and had a lower BMI than did patients without varicoceles, especially among adolescents. Carefully designed future studies may be needed.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anthropometry/methods ; Body Height/physiology ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight/physiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Scrotum/ultrasonography ; Varicocele/*etiology/physiopathology/ultrasonography ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans