Two cases of familial asymmetric septal hypertrophy diagnosed by myocardial biopsy and clinical studies are reported with literature reviewed. Myocardial biopsy was done at right ventricular septal wall, and pedigree of family members was observed clinically and examined by noninvasive methods including chest X-ray and echocardiography.
Biopsy ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Pedigree ; Thorax

In order to observe the effect of coronary sinus occlusion on left ventricular function, coronary sinus was occluded for 2 minutes using Swan-Ganz catheter in 9 mongrel dogs. The change in gross findings of heart was observed, and coronary sinus pressure, LV pressure, LV dp/dt, and ECG were recorded throughout the experiment. The coronary sinus occlusion pressure(CSOP) rised slowly reaching to the plateau at the 32+/-6th beat and at 11.5+/-3.5 seconds after coronary sinus occlusion, with the pressure 95.4+/-24.7mmHg in systole and 35.9+/-21.3mmHg in end-diastole. End-diastolic CSOP was different significantly from LV end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP; 6.8+/-3.3mmHg). The veins of left ventricle were congested immediately after coronary sinus occlusion, followed by the dilation of coronary sinus and coronary arteries, and the dilation of left ventricle with visible decrease in its contractility. Above changes recovered slowly after the release of coronary sinus occlusion. LV peak systolic pressure, LV peak dp/dt, and LV peak negative dp/dt were decreased, and relaxation time constant was prolonged significantly 30 seconds after coronary sinus occlusion, and they recovered to those of preocclusion period 30 seconds after release of coronary sinus occlusion. LVEDP was increased significantly 30 seconds after coronary sinus occlusion and returned to that of preocclusion period immediately after release of coronary sinus occlusion. heart rate was decreased 1 minute after coronary sinus occlusion and returned to that of preocclusion period immediately after release of coronary sinus occlusion. As a result, there was significant difference between end-diastolic CSOP and LVEDP in the experiment with mongrel dogs, and it should be reevaluated to estimate LVEDP by end-diastolic CSOP in man. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function was impaired transiently after coronary sinus occlusion lasting more than 30 seconds.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Coronary Sinus* ; Coronary Vessels ; Dogs ; Electrocardiography ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Heart Ventricles ; Relaxation ; Systole ; Veins ; Ventricular Function, Left*

Carbon dioxide (CO2) poisoning is rare, but its clinical features of acute exposure include cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic and metabolic aspects. CO2 can also have a direct toxicological effect. At very high concentrations (>9%), CO2 induces respiratory depression and narcotic-like effects on the central nervous system. Especially, acute poisoning from dry ice is caused by CO2 gas inhalation and asphyxiation, and may impose excess load on the myocardium. This case was an acute CO2 poisoning from dry ice gas inhalation. In spite of an initial severe status, the male patient rapidly improved with no complications following the application of highly concentrated oxygen and fluid therapy.
Carbon ; Carbon Dioxide ; Central Nervous System ; Dry Ice ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Male ; Myocardium ; Oxygen ; Respiratory Insufficiency

Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare disorder. There are some difficulties in its diagnosis; therefore the first presentation of this disorder might be with complications. These complications are essentially due to the anatomical location of the sinus and its proximity to the intra-cranial and orbital contents, to which infection may easily spread. A case of isolated sphenoid fungal sinusitis with unilateral abducent nerve palsy is being reported which was successfully treated by parenteral antibiotic therapy and endonasal endoscopic sphenoidotomy.
Abducens Nerve Diseases* ; Abducens Nerve* ; Diagnosis ; Orbit ; Paralysis ; Sinusitis* ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Sphenoid Sinusitis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the function of Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met (WKYMVm) in human neonatal monocytes. METHODS: The peptide, Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met (WKYMVm), was synthesized, purified, and prepared in the Peptide Library Support Facility at Pohang University of Science and Technology. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (200+/-10 g) were preinfected with S. aureus and treated with WKYMVm through femoral vein. At various time points, blood samples were obtained by puncture of femoral artery and the serum was plated on the nutrient agar plate. The number of viable bacteria was determined by counting the number of bacterial colonies. In addition, using S. aureus and C. albicans, we evaluated the bactericidal and fungicidal activities of neonatal monocytes, which were separated from umbilical cord blood by Ficoll gradient. RESULTS: The numbers of bacteria in the blood of WKYMVm-treated rats were rapidly decreased with time, as compared with those of the untreated rats. The peptide treatment enhanced the bactericidal activity in vivo within 10 minutes. In neonatal monocytes, WKYMVm stimulated the intracellular killing of S. aureus in a dose dependent manner, showing the maximum effect at 100 nM. WKYMVm stimulated the phagocytic and fungicidal activities against C. albicans in a dose dependent manner, with the maximum effect at the 100 nM. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that WKYMVm may be an effective agent against the neonatal infections.
Agar ; Animals ; Bacteria ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; Femoral Vein ; Fetal Blood ; Ficoll ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Homicide ; Humans ; Monocytes* ; Peptide Library ; Punctures ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

PURPOSE: Daegu, Korea was severely affected by pandemic and post-pandemic H1N1 infection during August 2009 to March 2012. The aim of this study was to analyze various clinical characteristics of patients who visited the emergency department with H1N1 infection during the first three years, and to compare the results for each year. We then performed an evaluation of the differences. METHODS: The medical records of patients who visited our emergency department and conformed to H1N1 virus infection by conventional rRT-PCR during the pandemic wave from August 2009 to March 2010(wave 1) and post-pandemic waves from August 2010 to March 2011(wave 2) and from August 2011 to March 2012(wave 3) were reviewed. A total of 986 patients (wave 1; 840, wave 2; 144, wave 3; 2) were included in this study. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, proportions of pneumonia, admission rate, relationships with underlying medical conditions, and requirement for mechanical ventilation of the infected patients, and then performed a statistical evaluation of the differences between wave 1 and wave 2 that was severely affected. RESULTS: During wave 1,840 patients, during wave 2, 144 patients, and during wave 3, two patients were diagnosed as novel influenza. Age 18-39 showed a significantly higher rate(78.7%) in the wave 1 patients group. Main clinical symptoms were cough and febrile sense in both waves. Patients with underlying medical conditions in wave 2(97 cases, 67.4%) showed a higher rate than those of wave 1(101 cases, 12.0%). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder was the most closely related underlying disorder in wave 2(18.8%). Patients requiring admission(37.5%) and ventilatory care(6.9%) due to severe pneumonic symptoms showed a significantly higher rate in wave 2. Only two young patients were diagnosed as novel influenza. Both complained of mild fever and cough, which recovered spontaneously. CONCLUSION: Most cases of influenza A (H1N1) infection were uncomplicated, characterized by influenza-like symptoms and spontaneous recovery. The number of patients showed a marked decreased year by year, however, the severity of clinical presentations increased in wave 2. Young adults who did not have cross-reactive antibodies to novel influenza A (H1N1) from previous infection or immunization were dominant in wave 1. Older patients with underlying medical conditions were more likely to admitted and present fatal progress in wave 1 and wave 2. Because influenza viruses are unpredictable, continued national preparedness, flexible response, and careful monitoring are essential.
Antibodies ; Cough ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Daegu ; Epidemiology ; Fever ; Humans ; Immunization ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human* ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Observational Study* ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Pandemics* ; Pneumonia ; Respiration, Artificial ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Daegu, Korea was severely affected by pandemic and post-pandemic H1N1 infection during August 2009 to March 2012. The aim of this study was to analyze various clinical characteristics of patients who visited the emergency department with H1N1 infection during the first three years, and to compare the results for each year. We then performed an evaluation of the differences. METHODS: The medical records of patients who visited our emergency department and conformed to H1N1 virus infection by conventional rRT-PCR during the pandemic wave from August 2009 to March 2010(wave 1) and post-pandemic waves from August 2010 to March 2011(wave 2) and from August 2011 to March 2012(wave 3) were reviewed. A total of 986 patients (wave 1; 840, wave 2; 144, wave 3; 2) were included in this study. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, proportions of pneumonia, admission rate, relationships with underlying medical conditions, and requirement for mechanical ventilation of the infected patients, and then performed a statistical evaluation of the differences between wave 1 and wave 2 that was severely affected. RESULTS: During wave 1,840 patients, during wave 2, 144 patients, and during wave 3, two patients were diagnosed as novel influenza. Age 18-39 showed a significantly higher rate(78.7%) in the wave 1 patients group. Main clinical symptoms were cough and febrile sense in both waves. Patients with underlying medical conditions in wave 2(97 cases, 67.4%) showed a higher rate than those of wave 1(101 cases, 12.0%). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder was the most closely related underlying disorder in wave 2(18.8%). Patients requiring admission(37.5%) and ventilatory care(6.9%) due to severe pneumonic symptoms showed a significantly higher rate in wave 2. Only two young patients were diagnosed as novel influenza. Both complained of mild fever and cough, which recovered spontaneously. CONCLUSION: Most cases of influenza A (H1N1) infection were uncomplicated, characterized by influenza-like symptoms and spontaneous recovery. The number of patients showed a marked decreased year by year, however, the severity of clinical presentations increased in wave 2. Young adults who did not have cross-reactive antibodies to novel influenza A (H1N1) from previous infection or immunization were dominant in wave 1. Older patients with underlying medical conditions were more likely to admitted and present fatal progress in wave 1 and wave 2. Because influenza viruses are unpredictable, continued national preparedness, flexible response, and careful monitoring are essential.
Antibodies ; Cough ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Daegu ; Epidemiology ; Fever ; Humans ; Immunization ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human* ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Observational Study* ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Pandemics* ; Pneumonia ; Respiration, Artificial ; Young Adult

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of larynx are a rare group of tumors that include typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and paraganglioma. Among them, typical carcinoid is the least common type and the treatment and prognosis is different from the other tumors. We report a case of recurrent typical carcioid of supraglottis with interval of 5 years, which were excised locally at each time. As far as we know, this is the 15th case of a typical carcinoid of larynx.
Carcinoid Tumor* ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Larynx ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; Paraganglioma ; Prognosis

Kuttner tumor or chronic sclerosing sialadenitis is a benign inflammatory condition of the salivary gland that mimics a malignant neoplasm clinically because of its presentation as a hard mass. The cause of this inflammatory is still unknown. The effects of microliths, infectious agents, secretory dysfunctions, duct abnormalities, and immune processes have been considered. Histologically, it is characterized by progressive periductal sclerosis, acinar atrophy, and dense infiltration of lymphocytes. Kuttner tumor is best diagnosed by open or excisional biopsy. We report one case of Kuttner tumor of right submandibular gland in a 42 year old man.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Salivary Glands ; Sclerosis ; Sialadenitis* ; Submandibular Gland

Foreign body sensation is a nonspecific symptom of aerodigestrive tract diseases. Symptoms may be the result of gastroesophageal reflux, esophageal motility disorder, psychological factor and malignant lesion. Rarely, a unilateral bulging of the hypopharynx as a result of medial displaced superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage can be a reason. The appropriate diagnosis is made by fiberoptic laryngoscopy and CT scanning. Surgical removal of the portion of the superior cornu bulging toward the hypopharynx improves the foreign body sensation. We experienced two cases of medially displaced superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage without laryngeal injury. This unusual presentation is discussed with a review of the literature.
Diagnosis ; Esophageal Motility Disorders ; Foreign Bodies* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Hypopharynx ; Laryngoscopy ; Larynx* ; Pharynx* ; Psychology ; Sensation ; Thyroid Cartilage* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed