No abstract available.
Animals ; Enalapril* ; Nicardipine* ; Nitroprusside* ; Rats* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Eyelids*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Salivary Ducts*

No abstract available.
HL-60 Cells* ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Protein Kinases*

Upper gastrointestinal(UGI) bleeding was critical disease that was commonly found in emergency department and needed more early diagnosis and rapid treatment for decreasing mortality and morbidity. It's causes and frequencies here affected by many factors, but the majorities were caused by peptic ulcers and esophageal-gastric varices. With development of economy and medical services, new drugs and endoscopic interventions, the treatment of patients with UGI bleeding was more improved. So I would like to evaluate the change of causes and frequencies of UGI bleeding and the associated clinical findings. A total of 1,546 patients presented with UGI bleeding in emergency department of Yeungnam university hospital during the five years from Jan. 1991 to Dec. 1995 were clinically reviewed by charts and compared with previous seven years report from Jan. 1984 to Dec. 1990 in the same hospital. The ratio of male to female was 6.1:1 and slightly increased in comparison with previous seven years. The incidences in 6th and 5th decades were highest(54.4%) as like as previous seven years. Age distribution of duodenal ulcer bleeding, Mallory-Weiss tear and acute gastric mucosal lesion were developed in lower decades than the others. The causes of UGI bleeding were caused by esophageal varix(45.4%), peptic ulcer(38.8%), Mallory-Weiss tear(4.3%), gastric cancer(3.8%), others(3.1%), acute gastric mucosal lesion(2.7%), undetermined causes(1.8%) in defending order of frequencies. The proportion of esophageal varices was increased from 36.6% to 45.4%, but that of peptic ulcer was relatively decreased from 47.6% to 38.8%. And the annual distribution of varices was increased, however the annual distribution of peptic ulcers was increased. Although the ranking of annual distribution of gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers were not changed compared to previous study and the frequency of gastric ulcers was increased since 1992, but additional follow-up was needed. Seasonal variations were found that upper gastrointestinal bleeding was increased in fall and peptic ulcer bleeding was increased significantly in summer and fall, however, varix bleeding was less frequent in summer time as like as previous seven years. Emergency endoscopic examination was performed within 6 hours far 54.5%, 24 hours for 90.8% and this reacts were to be like previous results, 57.5% and 90.7% respectively. Findings of emergency endoscopic examination were active bleeding focus(21.2%), blood clot(7.9%), exposed vessels(13.3%), flat blood spot(6.4%) and lesion without evidence of bleeding(51.3%). Endoscopic findings of active bleeding were easily seton when examination was perfomed within 24 hours. Blood transfusion was performed in 67.3% with average 2.1 units. When the causes of bleeding were due to varix and marginal ulcer, more amounts of blood were transfused than the others. In previous seven years, blood transfusions were performed in 71.2% with average 5 units and more amounts of blood were transfused in gastric cancer and varix bleeding.
Age Distribution ; Blood Transfusion ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome ; Mortality ; Peptic Ulcer ; Seasons ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach Ulcer ; Varicose Veins

The authors presented a case of malignant melanoma of the choroid which had been unsuspected clinically. The patient, 38-year-old female, came to Korea General Hospital on Dec. 5-1973 because of blind painful eye and white pupil in the left side. And she was told at local clinic that she had retinal detachment in that eye about 3 years ago. We thought of this case as secondary glaucoma due to swollen lens behind at first. Therefore cryoextraction of the lens was performed for relieving the ocular pain, on Dec. 5-1973. Increased I.O.P., however, had been persisted and ocular pain had not been improved until the patient entered this hospital again on Jan. 25-1974. Enucleation was performed and choroidal malignant melanoma (spindle type) was proven by histopathological study. The patient was instructive to us that we should always remind the possibilities of intraocular tumor behind the opaque media, in cases of unilateral glaucomatous blind eye with shallow anterior chamber.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Choroid* ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Korea ; Melanoma* ; Pupil ; Retinal Detachment

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Atelectasis*

BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis is very not uncommon disease and has many difficulties in the diagnosis of disease. So we should evaluate the significance of diagnosis by "MANTRELS" score which is very simple and easily accessible tools in patients of right lower quadrant abdominal pain. METHODS: We studied 164 patients initially complainted of right lower quadrant abdominal pain from Jan 1 to Jun 30. 1997 in emergency department of Yeungnam university hospital. At first, "MANTRELS" scores was calculated and we evaluated the final diagnosis, surgically operated or not, transferred or not, etc, retrospectively. Next, two groups were divided each that group A was surgically operated, group B was not surgically operated. And then the statistical significance and accuracy rate according to scores and cut-off values in each groups were evaluated. RESULTS: All 164 patients was admitted in emergency department of Yeungnam University hospital and male to female ratio was 1:0.98, mean ages was 35.3 years old. The incidences according to each items of "MANTRELS" were as follows; most in Tenderness and Shift to left, Migration of pain in group A and most in Tenderness and Anorexia. Nausea in group B. As the results according to each scores in both group, score 8; 25 cases, score 7; 14 cases in group B were showed and the correlation coefficients was 0.979. And as the results according to cut-off value in both groups. it's sensitivity and negative predictability. false negative, positive joint probability were decreased and others were increased as the cut-off values, respectively. The diagnostic weight was most highest(75.0%) when the cut-off value was 7. CONCLUSION: The authors would authorize that "MANTRELS" score is very simple scoring system and have diagnostic values in differentiating between acute appendicitis and other diseases complaining of right lower quadrant abdominal pain.
Abdominal Pain ; Anorexia ; Appendicitis* ; Diagnosis* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Male ; Nausea ; Retrospective Studies