No abstract available.
Alleles* ; Base Sequence* ; DNA* ; HLA-DR4 Antigen* ; HLA-DRB1 Chains*

No abstract available.
Brachial Artery

A 40 year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of proptosis for 4 years. Detecting a 2 cm-sized retrobulber mass on computerized tomography, we extracted well capsulated reddish brown mass, which confirmed as a cavernous hemangioma by histologic examination. One year postoperatively, her proptosis was gone, visual acuity was normal, and ocular motility was good.
Adult ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Visual Acuity

Cerebral venous thrombosis is commonly related to infectious processes, trauma, neoplasm, puerperium, and the use of oral contraceptives, etc., but this case was associated with a very rare condition, "polycythemia". This case was confirmed by hematologic study, brain C-T, conventional angiography, and digital subtraction angiography(DSA). The patient was treated by venesection, the use of urokinase and dicumarol, and lumbo-peritoneal shunt(L-P shunt), etc. Post-treatment DSA showed the complete recanalization of all dural sinuses except the left transverse sinus, suggesting normal variant.
Angiography ; Brain ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Dicumarol ; Humans ; Phlebotomy ; Polycythemia* ; Postpartum Period ; Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; Venous Thrombosis

Unilateral adsence of a pulmonary artery is frequently undiagnosed. Unless this entity is recognized, a patient with a potentially curable lesion may become inoperable. The importance of considering unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery in the diffirential diagnosis of cyanotic congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension has become clear. We exeperienced a case of congenital isolated unilateral absence of it. pulmonary artery confirmed by clinical features, lung scan, echocardiogram and angiogram.
Diagnosis ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery*

No abstract available.
Radiosurgery* ; Trigeminal Neuralgia*

The surgical outcomes of Arnold-Chiari malformation associated with syringomyelia have been reported with respect to improvement in symptoms and signs. But there are only a few studies about the changes of size in syrinx cavity after the era of magnetic resonance image. The authors employed two different surgical modalities and compared the difference in outcomes. Between 1988 and 1994, 17 patients suffering from Arnold-Chiari malformation associated with syringomyelia were treated by foramen magnum decompression(FMD), with or without shunt. Their ages ranged from 3 to 62 (median, 42) years; four were males and 13 were females. Eight were treated by FMD with syringosubarachnoid shunt (FMD with shunt group) and 9 by FMD only(FMD group). Changes in the extent of syrinx and clinical improvements were retrospectively compared between the two groups; the median follow-up period was 22(range 5-79) months. Changes in the extent of syrinx were analyzed by pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance images; improvements in symptoms or signs were classified by lower cranial nerves, the cerebellum and the spinal cord. The size of syrinx was decreased in 7/8 patients of FMD with shunt group(88%) and in 7/9 patients of FMD group (78%) and there was no significant difference in ratio statistically(p=0.54). Shrinkage of syrinx cavity was occurred regardless of its preoperative extent. In FMD with shunt group, 5/8 patients(63%) were improved in symptoms or signs and in FMD group, 6/9 patients(67%)(p=0.21). In all 3 cases which showed no collapse of syrinx cavity, the clinical improvements were not found. There was correlation between collapse of syringomyelia and improvement of clinical findings(p=0.035).
Arnold-Chiari Malformation* ; Cerebellum ; Cranial Nerves ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foramen Magnum ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; Syringomyelia*

Chronic actinic dermatitis was recently proposed as a syndrome including photosensitive eczema, photosensitivity dermatitis, actinic reticuloid, and persistent light reactivity. It is defined on the basis of 3 criteria, including clinically persistent eczematous eruption on sun-exposed skin, histologically consistent with chronic eczema, and photobiologically decreased MED to UVB. We report herein a 61-year-old man presented with 2-year history of erythematous to brownish lichenified papules and plaques on sun-exposed areas and shown decreased minimal erythema doses to both UVB and UVA. Biopsy specimen showed consistent with chronic eczema. He was treated with topical therapies of topical steroids and intralesional injection of triamcinolone, and oral anti-histamine, with avoidance of exposure to sun.
Biopsy ; Eczema ; Erythema ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Middle Aged ; Photosensitivity Disorders* ; Skin ; Solar System ; Steroids ; Triamcinolone

OBJECTIVE: The postoperative subsidence of anterior cervical interbody fusion for cervical degenerative diseases gives rise to segmental kyphotic collapse, screw loosening, and chronic neck pain. So, intraoperative custom-made polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) C-cage has been developed to prevent subsidence following anterior cervical fusion. METHODS: A total of patients who underwent anterior cervical interbody fusion with a intraoperative custom - made cervical cage filled with local bone and demineralized bone matrix (group A) were analyzed prospectively from June 2004 to June 2005. These were compared with 40 patients who were treated with iliac bone graft (group B). We evaluated subsidence ratio, change of segmental angle, distraction length and segmental angle. Statistical analysis was performed using independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Group A had a statistically significant decrease in subsidence ratio (0.64+/-0.43%, p=0.00), distraction length (2.42+/-1.25 mm, p=0.02), and follow angle change (1.78+/-1.69degrees, p=0.01) as compared with Group B. However, there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative segmental angle change (p=0.66). On the analysis of the correlation coefficient, the parameters showed no interrelationships in the group A. On the other hand, subsidence ratio was affected by distraction length in the group B (Pearson correlation=0.448). CONCLUSION: This operative technique would be contributed for the reduction of a postoperative subsidence after the anterior cervical interbody fusion procedure for cervical disc disease with moderate to severe osteoporotic condition and segmental loss of lordosis.
Animals ; Bone Matrix ; Hand ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Neck Pain ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Prospective Studies ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To evaluate the application of MRI to the ILAE classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes in the setting of epilepsy clinic. METHODS: We reviewed epilepsy registry forms, EEG, and MRI of 300 patients who were consecutively registered to the Yonsei Epilepsy Clinic. The algorhithm of syndromic classification consisted of 3 steps ; 1) clinical diagnosis based on the clinical informations described in the registry form, 2) clinical-EEG correlations, and 3) clinical-EEG-MRI correlations. The interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in EEG were divided into focal, multilobar/multifocal, and generalized. MRI-lesions were divided into focal and non-focal (multilobar/multifocal, and diffuse) lesions. The clinical-EEG, EEG-MRI, and MRI-clinical correlations were categorized as concordant, not discordant, and discordant. RESULTS: Among 300 patients evaluated, 249 patients were found to have epilepsies and both EEG and MRI. By clinical analysis, 190 of 249 patients were diagnosed as localization-related epilepsies (LRE), 24 patients were generalized epilepsies (GE), 34 patients were undetermined epilepsies (UDE), and one patient had alcohol related epilepsy. EEG revealed IEDs in 124 patients and altered the clinical diagnosis in 79 patients. MRI lesions were found in 106 patients with focal lesions in 65 patients and non-focal lesions in 41 patients. MRI lesions were found in 47 of 125 patients with negative EEG. Concordance rates of clinical-EEG, EEG-MRI, and MRI-clinical correlations in 54 patients with lobar epilepsies, who had positive EEG and MRI, were 39%, 54%, and 52%, respectively, and discordant rates were 17%, 11% and 7%, respectively. The complete concordance of all 3 correlations was found in only 33% of them. In 20 patients diagnosed as GE by clinical-EEG correlations, MRI lesions were found in only 3 patients and none of them changed the diagnostic categories due to MRI lesions. CONCLUSION: In lobar epilepsies, the sensitivity of MRI was quite comparable with EEG and the clinical-MRI correlation was superior to the clinical-EEG correlations. MRI provided additional and complimentary informations and should be incorporated to the ILAE-classification system as the category of 'lesional epilepsy'.
Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Partial ; Epilepsy* ; Epilepsy, Generalized ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*